Role of magnetic resonance imaging for preoperative prediction of early biochemical failure in localized prostate cancer.

Background: The purpose of our study was to assess preoperative clinical biological and Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) predictive factors of early biochemical failure (BF), defined as persistence of significant post-operative plasmatic prostate specific antigen (PSA) level after radical prostatectomy (RP) in patients with localized prostate cancer (PCa).

Methods: In a retrospective cohort study we included 142 patients from our university hospital with newly diagnosed PCa, who underwent 3T multiparametric MRI prior to RP. Only the MRI target lesions [Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data System (PIRADS) ≥3] with histological correspondence were considered significant.

Characterisation of a split gradient coil design induced systemic imaging artefact on 0.35 T MR-linac systems.

. The aim of this work was to highlight and characterize a systemic 'star-like' artefact inherent to the low field 0.35 T MRIdian MR-linac system, a magnetic resonance guided radiotherapy device.

A Practical Quality Assurance Procedure for Data Acquisitions in Preclinical Simultaneous PET/MR Systems.

The availability of preclinical simultaneous PET/MR imaging systems has been increasing in recent years. Therefore, this technique is progressively moving from the hands of pure physicists towards those of scientists more involved in pharmacology and biology. Unfortunately, these combined scanners can be prone to artefacts and deviation of their characteristics under the influence of external factors or mutual interference between subsystems.

Prediction of prostate cancer recurrence after radiation therapy using multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging and spectroscopy: assessment of prognostic factors on pretreatment imaging.

Background: To assess whether data from pre-therapeutic multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI) combined with three-dimensional magnetic resonance spectroscopy (3D MRS) provide prognostic factors of biochemical relapse in patients with localized prostate cancer treated by external radiotherapy or brachytherapy.

Methods: In our single institution observational retrospective study we included a cohort of 230 patients treated by external radiotherapy or brachytherapy who had an initial mpMRI with 3D MRS from January 2008 to December 2015 for newly diagnosed localized prostatic cancer, proven histologically. Three trained radiologists recorded tumor characteristics, MRI T-stage and metabolic abnormalities from 3D MRS data.

Superparamagnetic Iron Oxide Nanoparticles for Immunotherapy of Cancers through Macrophages and Magnetic Hyperthermia.

Cancer immunotherapy has tremendous promise, but it has yet to be clinically applied in a wider variety of tumor situations. Many therapeutic combinations are envisaged to improve their effectiveness. In this way, strategies capable of inducing immunogenic cell death (e.

[I]MIBG is a better early marker of anthracycline cardiotoxicity than [F]FDG: a preclinical SPECT/CT and simultaneous PET/MR study.

Background: During anthracycline treatment of cancer, there is a lack for biomarkers of cardiotoxicity besides the cardiac dysfunction. The objective of the present study was to compare [F]FDG and [I]MIBG (metaiodobenzylguanidine) in a longitudinal study in a doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity rat model.

Methods: Male Wistar Han rats were intravenously administered 3 times at 10 days' interval with saline or doxorubicin (5 mg/kg).

Three-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy: a complementary tool to multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging in the identification of aggressive prostate cancer at 3.0T.

Background: The limitations of the assessment of tumor aggressiveness by Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data System (PI-RADS) and biopsies suggest that the diagnostic algorithm could be improved by quantitative measurements in some chosen indications. We assessed the tumor high-risk predictive performance of 3.0 Tesla (3.

Performance Evaluation and Compatibility Studies of a Compact Preclinical Scanner for Simultaneous PET/MR Imaging at 7 Tesla.

We present the design and performance of a new compact preclinical system combining positron emission tomography (PET) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for simultaneous scans. The PET contains sixteen SiPM-based detector heads arranged in two octagons and covers an axial field of view (FOV) of 102.5 mm.

Automatic classification of tissues on pelvic MRI based on relaxation times and support vector machine.

Tissue segmentation and classification in MRI is a challenging task due to a lack of signal intensity standardization. MRI signal is dependent on the acquisition protocol, the coil profile, the scanner type, etc. While we can compute quantitative physical tissue properties independent of the hardware and the sequence parameters, it is still difficult to leverage these physical properties to segment and classify pelvic tissues.

Bone marrow fat quantification of osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures: comparison of multi-voxel proton MR spectroscopy and chemical-shift gradient-echo MR imaging.

Background: Only a few studies have used in/opposed phase method for a quantitative evaluation of fat fraction in the spine.

Purpose: To compare multivoxel proton MR spectroscopy and chemical-shift gradient-echo MR imaging for bone marrow fat quantification in vertebral compression fractures (VCF).

Material And Methods: Vertebral marrow fat quantification in fifteen patients was measured at 3.

Biphasic time course of brain water ADC observed during the first month of life in term neonates with severe perinatal asphyxia is indicative of poor outcome at 3 years.

In severe perinatal asphyxia, the prognostic value of apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) measurements is still open to question. We hypothesized that temporal and anatomical changes of brain ADC values occurring early after the hypoxic-ischemic insult could predict the outcome at 36 months. To demonstrate this, mean ADC values were calculated for 16 brain structures in 59 term neonates who underwent an MR examination during the first month of life.

Subcortical gray matter N-acetylaspartate reduction in two cases of vascular dementia.

Many of the previous studies of vascular dementia using proton magnetic resonance (MR) spectroscopy had been carried out on white matter. However, no proton spectroscopic data of the subcortical gray matter are available in such disease. We report two cases suffering from vascular dementia, with an unilateral N-acetylaspartate (NAA) decrease on subcortical gray matter.

Automatic determination of aortic compliance with cine-magnetic resonance imaging: an application of fuzzy logic theory.

Rationale And Objectives: Aortic compliance is defined as the relative change in aortic cross-sectional area divided by the change in arterial pressure. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a useful imaging modality for the noninvasive evaluation of aortic compliance. However, manual tracing of the aortic contour is subject to important interobserver variations.