Natural river landscapes can be biodiversity hotspots but are one of the most human altered ecosystems with habitats significantly damaged around the world, and a third of fish populations threatened with extinction. While riparian ecosystems have been negatively altered by anthropogenic activities, effective planning and restoration strategies can reverse negative impacts by improving habitat quality. However, restoring rivers requires appropriate data on current riparian health while also considering priorities for different stakeholders.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThis paper describes the development and impact of an underage drinking reduction program designed and implemented by a South Carolina county sheriff's office with assistance from the county coalition. In December 2017, high school surveys identified family and friends as the alcohol source 82.2% of the time.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCrescents are not a well recognised feature of diabetic nephropathy. We present two cases of patients presenting with a rapid decline in renal function and subacute onset of nephrotic syndrome. Glomerulonephritis screening was negative, and renal biopsy revealed non-necrotising cellular crescents and typical features of late-stage diabetic nephropathy.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Craniomaxillofac Surg
September 2021
The primary aim of this study was to explore patients' perceptions regarding the impact of 3D prediction planning (3D PP) of facial soft tissue changes following orthognathic surgery. The study was carried out on 30 patients who were shown photorealistic 3D soft tissue prediction planning before undergoing orthognathic surgery to demonstrate the expected facial changes. Distraction osteogenesis and cleft deformities were excluded from the study before consenting to surgery.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDNA damage and alterations in DNA damage response (DDR) signaling could be one of the molecular mechanisms mediating focal kidney cyst formation in autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD). The aim of this study was to test the hypothesis that markers of DNA damage and DDR signaling are increased in human and experimental ADPKD. In the human ADPKD transcriptome, the number of up-regulated DDR-related genes was increased by 16.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWe tested the generalizability of a science-based community prevention design to reduce DUI crashes. Previous researcher-led studies have confirmed the effects of an intervention design of visible enforcement coupled with heightened public awareness of enforcement to increase driver perception of likely detection for drinking and driving. A community coalition based the project on a prevention intervention model that included two key intermediate variables: levels of visible enforcement and of public awareness of enforcement.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe functioning of human-managed grassland ecosystems strongly depends on how common management practices will affect grassland "belowground compartment" including soil biogeochemistry and plant roots. Key questions remain about how animal grazing, liming (e.g.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEuropean hedged agricultural landscapes provide a range of ecosystem services and are an important component of cultural and biodiversity heritage. This paper investigates the extent of hedges, their woody species diversity (including the influence of historical versus recent hedge origin) and dynamics of change. The rationale is to contribute to an ecological basis for hedge habitat management.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Many patients with psychogenic nonepileptic seizures (PNES) have other medically unexplained symptoms (MUS). In order to assess their long-term contribution to ill-health and unemployment, we recorded MUS, employment, healthcare utilization, and seizure outcomes in a cohort of patients with PNES.
Methods: We had complete computerized healthcare records and employment information in 120 patients with PNES, 5-10years postdiagnosis.
Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) is increasingly used in patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB) infection. Although associated with renal toxicity in HIV-infected patients, renal dysfunction has been reported rarely in the monoinfected CHB population. To date, TDF-associated Fanconi syndrome has not been reported.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPreeclampsia is a common disease of pregnancy characterised by maternal hypertension and proteinuria. Abnormal placentation in early pregnancy and abnormal cytokine and anti-angiogenic factor expression are thought to contribute to the clinical syndrome of endothelial dysfunction evident in the second half of gestation. The mechanisms underlying both the placental pathology and its translation to the maternal clinical syndrome are not fully understood.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: In clinical practice, it is sometimes observed that patients in whom psychogenic non-epileptic seizures (PNES) cease, develop another medically unexplained symptom (MUS).
Methods: In order to determine how many patients develop new MUS post diagnosis and whether patients whose attacks cease are more likely to do so, new MUS were recorded 6-12 months after the diagnosis of PNES in 187 consecutive patients.
Results: Compared with baseline, the overall proportion of patients with MUS increased slightly, from 70.
Adenosquamous carcinoma of the cervix is rare. It is defined as having both glandular and squamous cell differentiation, each component malignant and clearly seen on haematoxylin and eosin-stained slides alone. We report two cases of adenosquamous carcinoma of the uterine cervix, both of which showed in situ and invasive components and both of which showed cephalad extension to involve the endometrium with invasive squamous and adenocarcinomatous components.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFine-needle biopsy (FNB) is commonly used in the investigation of patients with a history of melanoma who present with possible metastatic disease. Non-melanoma malignancies (NMM) are common in the general population and not infrequent in patients with melanoma. Such tumors may be difficult to distinguish from metastatic melanoma on FNB.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAims: Transitional cell metaplasia (TCM) of the cervix and vaginal vault is rarely reported. We sought to describe the clinical and cytological features and cytological differential diagnosis of TCM.
Methods: Cervical and vaginal vault smears reported as TCM or smears from patients with histologically confirmed TCM were examined for the following features: cellularity, architecture, background cell population, cell group thickness, cell shape, nuclear features (shape, chromatin, nucleoli, outline), perinuclear haloes, the presence in cell groups of a surface layer of cuboidal cells, and associated pathology.
Background: Photopheresis is an immunomodulatory therapy for the treatment of T cell-mediated disorders. It has been used for rejection prophylaxis in cardiac transplantation, adjuvant treatment of bronchiolitis obliterans in lung transplantation, treatment of graft verse host disease, and in a small number of cases, for treatment of acute rejection in renal transplantation. Little is known of long-term outcomes following the use of photopheresis in solid organ transplantation.
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