A qualitative study of clinic and community member perspectives on intervention toolkits: "Unless the toolkit is used it won't help solve the problem".

Background: Intervention toolkits are common products of grant-funded research in public health and primary care settings. Toolkits are designed to address the knowledge translation gap by speeding implementation and dissemination of research into practice. However, few studies describe characteristics of effective intervention toolkits and their implementation.

Milk Options Observation (MOO): A Mixed-Methods Study of Chocolate Milk Removal on Beverage Consumption and Student/Staff Behaviors in a Rural Elementary School.

Providing flavored milk in school lunches is controversial, with conflicting evidence on its impact on nutritional intake versus added sugar consumption and excess weight gain. Nonindustry-sponsored studies using individual-level analyses are needed. Therefore, we conducted this mixed-methods study of flavored milk removal at a rural primary school between May and June 2012.

The financial impact of team-based care on primary care.

Objectives: Although team-based care can improve coronary heart disease (CHD) risk factors and is considered cost-effective from a healthcare system perspective, little is known about the financial impact of team-based primary care for secondary prevention of CHD. The purpose of this study was to define the impact of team-based care for CHD on utilization, costs, and revenue of a private primary care practice.

Study Design: Interrupted time series analysis.

Using Principles of Complex Adaptive Systems to Implement Secondary Prevention of Coronary Heart Disease in Primary Care.

Context: Primary care practice.

Objective: To test whether the principles of complex adaptive systems are applicable to implementation of team-based primary care.

Design: We used complex adaptive system principles to implement team-based care in a private, five-clinic primary care practice.

A qualitative study of processes used to implement evidence-based care in a primary care practice.

Background: Evidence-based guidelines for care of coronary heart disease patients are not fully implemented. Primary care practices provide most of the care for these patients.

Objective: To learn how providers and staff in a busy primary care practice implement interventions to provide evidence-based care of coronary heart disease patients.

Calorie labeling in a rural middle school influences food selection: findings from community-based participatory research.

Background: Calorie labeling at the point-of-purchase in chain restaurants has been shown to reduce energy intake.

Objective: To investigate the impact of point-of-purchase calorie information at one rural middle school.

Methods: With a community-based participatory research framework a mixed method approach was used to evaluate the impact of point-of-purchase calorie information.

Engaging the underserved: a process model to mobilize rural community health coalitions as partners in translational research.

Purpose: Community engagement (CE) and community-engaged research (CEnR) are increasingly recognized as critical elements in research translation. Process models to develop CEnR partnerships in rural and underserved communities are needed.

Method: Academic partners transformed four established Community Health Improvement Partnerships (CHIPs) into Community Health Improvement and Research Partnerships (CHIRPs).

Elementary school children's recess schedule and dietary intake at lunch: a community-based participatory research partnership pilot study.

Background: School recess before lunch (e.g., reverse recess) has been suggested as a means to improve dietary intake and classroom behavior but limited research explores this school-based policy.

Rural Oregon community perspectives: introducing community-based participatory research into a community health coalition.

The Community Health Improvement Partnership (CHIP) model has supported community health development in more than 100 communities nationally. In 2011, four rural Oregon CHIPs collaborated with investigators from the Oregon Rural Practice-based Research Network (ORPRN), a component of the Oregon Clinical and Translational Research Institute (OCTRI), to obtain training on research methods, develop and implement pilot research studies on childhood obesity, and explore matches with academic partners. This article summarizes the experiences of the Lincoln County CHIP, established in 2003, as it transitioned from CHIP to Community Health Improvement and Research Partnership (CHIRP).

Prioritizing research needs based on a systematic evidence review: a pilot process for engaging stakeholders.

Background/context: Systematic evidence reviews (SERs) identify knowledge gaps in the literature, a logical starting place for prioritizing future research. Varied methods have been used to elicit diverse stakeholders' input in such prioritization.

Objective: To pilot a simple, easily replicable process for simultaneously soliciting consumer, clinician and researcher input in the identification of research priorities, based on the results of the 2009 SER on screening adults for depression in primary care.

Turning on the care coordination switch in rural primary care: voices from the practices--clinician champions, clinician partners, administrators, and nurse care managers.

This study sought to understand the acceptability and feasibility of office-based nurse care management in medium to large rural primary care practices. A qualitative assessment of Care Management Plus (a focused medical home model for complex patients) implementation was conducted using semistructured interviews with 4 staff cohorts. Cohorts included clinician champions, clinician partners, practice administrators, and nurse care managers.

Unmet dental needs in rural primary care: a clinic-, community-, and practice-based research network collaborative.

Background: Oral health is an essential component of general health and well-being, yet barriers to the access of dental care and unmet needs are pronounced, particularly in rural areas. Despite associations with systemic health, few studies have assessed unmet dental needs across the lifespan as they present in primary care. This study describes the prevalence of oral health conditions and unmet dental needs among patients presenting for routine care in a rural Oregon family medicine practice.

Transitioning from CHIP to CHIRP: blending community health development with community-based participatory research.

In 2006, a community health development model was used to engage citizens in Jefferson County, Oregon, around local health concerns. Childhood obesity emerged as a priority health issue. In 2007, a research component was introduced by Oregon Health & Science University to help the community garner resources and inform the field.

Community characteristics affecting emergency department use by Medicaid enrollees.

Objectives: In seeking to identify modifiable, system-level factors affecting emergency department (ED) use, we used a statewide Medicaid database to study community variation in ED use and ascertain community characteristics associated with higher use.

Methods: This historical cohort study used administrative data from July 1, 2003 to December 31, 2004. Residence ZIP codes were used to assign all 555,219 Medicaid enrollees to 130 primary care service areas (PCSAs).

A web based video tool for MR arthrography.

Objective: Our objective was to integrate digital video and web technology to construct a useful self paced learning tool to deliver recorded techniques of magnetic resonance (MR) arthrography for junior radiology residents and medical students.

Conclusion: The streaming of audio media, an emerging technology, is an effective vehicle to deliver educational material over the Internet using commercially available PCs and modems, especially when teaching resources are limited.