Utility of cell index in the diagnosis of healthcare-associated ventriculitis and meningitis: an analytical cross-sectional study.

Background: The diagnosis of healthcare-associated ventriculitis and meningitis (HCAVM) can be complex because multiple factors confound the interpretation of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) tests. The cell index (CI) may help in the diagnosis of HCAVM. It does not incur additional medical cost and it avoids delays from the turnaround time of CSF cultures.

Preparedness of Filipino Neurologists on the Provision of Medical Care Toward Patients of the Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender, Queer Plus Community.

The study aimed to describe the preparedness of active members of the Philippine Neurological Association (PNA) in providing medical care to LGBTQ+ patients. We electronically sent out a 21-item self-administered online survey adapted from the 2019 American Academy of Neurology LGBTQ+ Survey Task Force to 511 active members of PNA that included questions about demographic information, knowledge, attitude, and clinical practices. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze variables.

The practice of teleneurology in the Philippines during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Background And Objectives: The practice of teleneurology provided an accessible and safe method of consultation during the COVID-19 pandemic. We aimed to describe the practice of teleneurology among Filipino neurologists and determine the factors affecting its adoption using the unified theory of acceptance and use of technology (UTAUT) model and its constructs, namely performance expectancy, effort expectancy, social influence, and facilitating conditions.

Methods: This was a cross-sectional survey conducted online last October 2020 involving adult and pediatric neurologists in the Philippines.

Wernicke-Korsakoff Syndrome in Hyperemesis Gravidarum: A Case Report and Literature Review.

Background: Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome (WKS) is a triad of ophthalmoplegia, ataxia and memory deficits due to thiamine insufficiency resulting from under- or untreated Wernicke's encephalopathy (WE), which may be associated with hyperemesis gravidarum (HEG).

Case Presentation: We present a case of a 36-year-old Filipino woman in her first trimester with HEG, along with the WKS triad and abnormal hyperintense signals in the bilateral thalami and midbrain, left occipital lobe, periaqueductal gray matter and pontine periventricular areas. Neurologic deficits partially improved but persisted despite intravenous thiamine administration.

Efficacy and tolerability of azathioprine for neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) is an inflammatory and autoimmune disorder of the central nervous system that typically presents with optic neuritis and myelitis. Azathioprine (AZA) is one of the available immunotherapies with purported beneficial effects for patients with NMOSD. At present, there are no systematic reviews that extensively pooled the effects of AZA compared to other interventions for this condition.

Efficacy and tolerability of mitoxantrone for neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder: A systematic review.

The review assessed the efficacy and tolerability of mitoxantrone in patients with neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD). Eight articles were reviewed with a total of 117 patients. Annualized relapse rate and progression of disability dramatically decreased post-treatment in most studies.

Corrigendum: Validation of a Questionnaire for Distinguishing X-Linked Dystonia Parkinsonism From Its Mimics.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2018.

Validation of a Questionnaire for Distinguishing X-Linked Dystonia Parkinsonism From Its Mimics.

X-linked dystonia parkinsonism (XDP) is a neurodegenerative movement disorder endemic to the island of Panay in the Philippines. We undertook a population-based prevalence study to enumerate all cases of XDP in Panay. We first developed a 4-item questionnaire to distinguish XDP suspects from the general population.

Validation of the XDP-MDSP rating scale for the evaluation of patients with X-linked dystonia-parkinsonism.

X-linked dystonia-parkinsonism(XDP) is a neurodegenerative disorder endemic to the Philippines. A rating scale was developed by the authors under the guidance of the Movement Disorder Society of the Philippines (MDSP) to assess XDP severity and progression, functional impact, and response to treatment in future clinical trials. Our main objective was to validate our new scale, the XDP-MDSP scale.

Oral pharmacological treatment of X-linked dystonia parkinsonism: successes and failures.

There is a paucity of published literature on the different oral medications tried for X-linked dystonia parkinsonism (XDP). In practice, most XDP patients are tried or have been tried on medications typically used for patients with generalized dystonia. These drugs include anticholinergic agents, baclofen, clonazepam and other benzodiazepines, tetrabenazine, and clozapine.

The unique phenomenology of sex-linked dystonia parkinsonism (XDP, DYT3, "Lubag").

Sex-linked dystonia parkinsonism (XDP, DYT3, "Lubag") is an adult-onset, progressive, debilitating movement disorder first described in Filipino males from Panay Islands in 1975. XDP manifests predominantly as torsion dystonia, later combined with or sometimes replaced with parkinsonism. Within the Island of Panay, the prevalence rate is highest in the province of Capiz, where 1:4000 men suffer from the disorder.

Understanding XDP through imaging, pathology, and genetics.

The X-linked dystonia-parkinsonism (XDP) is a severe, progressive, adult-onset, X-linked endemic disorder in Filipinos, which is characterized by dystonic movements that start in the third or fourth decade, and replaced by parkinsonism beyond the 10th year of illness. Understanding the pathophysiology of XDP and development of rational therapies will depend on observations from imaging, pathological, and genetic studies. In this paper we summarize the results of these studies on patients with XDP.