Socialization Into and Through Doctoral Programs in Adapted Physical Activity.

This study examined doctoral students' occupational socialization experiences in U.S. adapted physical activity doctoral programs.

Caught in the Act of Substitution: Interadsorbate Effects on an Atomically Precise Fe/Co/Se Nanocluster.

Directing groups guide substitution patterns in organic synthetic schemes, but little is known about pathways to control reactivity patterns, such as regioselectivity, in complex inorganic systems such as bioinorganic cofactors or extended surfaces. Interadsorbate effects are known to encode surface reactivity patterns in inorganic materials, modulating the location and binding strength of ligands. However, owing to limited experimental resolution into complex inorganic structures, there is little opportunity to resolve these effects on the atomic scale.

Reversible non-volatile electronic switching in a near-room-temperature van der Waals ferromagnet.

Non-volatile phase-change memory devices utilize local heating to toggle between crystalline and amorphous states with distinct electrical properties. Expanding on this kind of switching to two topologically distinct phases requires controlled non-volatile switching between two crystalline phases with distinct symmetries. Here, we report the observation of reversible and non-volatile switching between two stable and closely related crystal structures, with remarkably distinct electronic structures, in the near-room-temperature van der Waals ferromagnet FeGeTe.

Revealing Fermi surface evolution and Berry curvature in an ideal type-II Weyl semimetal.

In type-II Weyl semimetals (WSMs), the tilting of the Weyl cones leads to the coexistence of electron and hole pockets that touch at the Weyl nodes. These electrons and holes experience the Berry curvature generated by the Weyl nodes, leading to an anomalous Hall effect that is highly sensitive to the Fermi level position. Here we have identified field-induced ferromagnetic MnBiSbTe as an ideal type-II WSM with a single pair of Weyl nodes.

The transport-structural correspondence across the nematic phase transition probed by elasto X-ray diffraction.

Electronic nematicity in iron pnictide materials is coupled to both the lattice and the conducting electrons, which allows both structural and transport observables to probe nematic fluctuations and the order parameter. Here we combine simultaneous transport and X-ray diffraction measurements with in-situ tunable strain (elasto X-ray diffraction) to measure the temperature dependence of the shear modulus and elastoresistivity above the nematic transition and the spontaneous orthorhombicity and resistivity anisotropy below the nematic transition, all within a single sample of Ba(FeCo)As. The ratio of transport to structural quantities is nearly temperature independent over a 74 K range and agrees between the ordered and disordered phases.

Analytical assessment of ortho clinical diagnostics high-sensitivity cardiac troponin I assay.

Objectives: To analytically evaluate Ortho Clinical Diagnostics VITROS high-sensitivity cardiac troponin I (hs-cTnI) assay in specific matrices with comparison to other hs-cTn assays.

Methods: The limit of detection (LoD), imprecision, interference and stability testing for both serum and lithium heparin (Li-Hep) plasma for the VITROS hs-cTnI assay was determined. We performed Passing-Bablok regression analyses between sample types for the VITROS hs-cTnI assay and compared them to the Abbott ARCHITECT, Beckman Access and the Siemens ADVIA Centaur hs-cTnI assays.

Magnetic proximity and nonreciprocal current switching in a monolayer WTe helical edge.

The integration of diverse electronic phenomena, such as magnetism and nontrivial topology, into a single system is normally studied either by seeking materials that contain both ingredients, or by layered growth of contrasting materials. The ability to simply stack very different two-dimensional van der Waals materials in intimate contact permits a different approach. Here we use this approach to couple the helical edges states in a two-dimensional topological insulator, monolayer WTe (refs.

Apparatus design for measuring of the strain dependence of the Seebeck coefficient of single crystals.

We present the design and construction of an apparatus that measures the Seebeck coefficient of single crystals under in situ tunable strain at cryogenic temperatures. A home-built three piezostack apparatus applies uni-axial stress to a single crystalline sample and modulates anisotropic strain up to 0.7%.

Two-Dimensional van der Waals Nanoplatelets with Robust Ferromagnetism.

We have synthesized unique colloidal nanoplatelets of the two-dimensional (2D) van der Waals ferromagnet CrI and have characterized these nanoplatelets structurally, magnetically, and by magnetic circular dichroism spectroscopy. The CrI nanoplatelets have lateral dimensions of ∼25 nm and thicknesses of only ∼4 nm, corresponding to just a few CrI monolayers. Magnetic and magneto-optical measurements demonstrate robust 2D ferromagnetic ordering with Curie temperatures similar to bulk CrI, despite their small size.

Two-dimensional itinerant ferromagnetism in atomically thin FeGeTe.

Discoveries of intrinsic two-dimensional (2D) ferromagnetism in van der Waals (vdW) crystals provide an interesting arena for studying fundamental 2D magnetism and devices that employ localized spins. However, an exfoliable vdW material that exhibits intrinsic 2D itinerant magnetism remains elusive. Here we demonstrate that FeGeTe (FGT), an exfoliable vdW magnet, exhibits robust 2D ferromagnetism with strong perpendicular anisotropy when thinned down to a monolayer.

Assessing matrix, interferences and comparability between the Abbott Diagnostics and the Beckman Coulter high-sensitivity cardiac troponin I assays.

Background: Analytical evaluation of high-sensitivity cardiac troponin (hs-cTn) assays, with particular attention to imprecision, interferences and matrix effects, at normal cTn concentrations, is of utmost importance as many different clinical algorithms use concentration cutoffs <10 ng/L for decision-making. The objective for the present analytical study was to compare the new Beckman Coulter hs-cTnI assay (Access hsTnI) to Abbott's hs-cTnI assay in different matrices and for different interferences, with a focus on concentrations <10 ng/L.

Methods: The limit of blank (LoB) and the limit of detection (LoD) were determined in different matrices for the Beckman hs-cTnI assay.

Mechanics dictate where and how freshwater planarians fission.

Asexual freshwater planarians reproduce by tearing themselves into two pieces by a process called binary fission. The resulting head and tail pieces regenerate within about a week, forming two new worms. Understanding this process of ripping oneself into two parts poses a challenging biomechanical problem.

Macrocomplexes and discordant high-sensitivity cardiac troponin concentrations.

Background Analytical comparisons between different high-sensitivity cardiac troponin (hs-cTn) assays are important for reassurance of results performed with different methodologies and to identify potential interferences or confounders to result interpretation. Our objective in the present study was to compare Beckman Coulter's latest hs-cTnI assay to Abbott's hs-cTnI assay and to assess agreement between results. Methods Two hundred ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid plasma samples that had clinically reported hs-cTnI results from the Abbott ARCHITECTi2000 that spanned the analytical range were stored (median = 4 h), re-centrifuged and retested for hs-cTnI on the Abbott ARCHITECTi1000 and Beckman Coulter Access2 analysers.

Chronic gastrointestinal inflammation induces anxiety-like behavior and alters central nervous system biochemistry in mice.

Background & Aims: Clinical and preclinical studies have associated gastrointestinal inflammation and infection with altered behavior. We investigated whether chronic gut inflammation alters behavior and brain biochemistry and examined underlying mechanisms.

Methods: AKR mice were infected with the noninvasive parasite Trichuris muris and given etanercept, budesonide, or specific probiotics.

Proteomic profiling of intestinal prechylomicron transport vesicle (PCTV)-associated proteins in an animal model of insulin resistance (94 char).

Intestinal overproduction of apolipoprotein B (apoB)-48-containing chylomicrons is increasingly recognized as an underlying factor in metabolic dyslipidemia commonly observed in insulin-resistant states. Enhanced chylomicron assembly and secretion has been documented in animal models of insulin resistance, but the underlying mechanistic factors are unknown. Chylomicron assembly occurs through a series of complex vesicular interactions involving prechylomicron transport vesicles (PCTVs), which transport lipids from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) to the Golgi.

Proteomic profiling of the prechylomicron transport vesicle involved in the assembly and secretion of apoB-48-containing chylomicrons in the intestinal enterocytes.

Intracellular assembly of chylomicrons (CM) occurs in intestinal enterocytes through a series of complex vesicular interactions. CM are transported from the ER to the Golgi using a specialized vesicular compartment called the prechylomicron transport vesicle (PCTV). In this study, PCTVs were isolated from the enteric ER of the Syrian Golden hamster, and characterized using 2-DE and MS.

Development of a 2-D apoB peptide profile to detect conformational changes associated with apoB-containing lipoproteins.

PTMs, such as glycosylation and phosphorylation of apolipoprotein B100 (apoB), are known to be involved with modulating the metabolism of apoB-containing lipoproteins. Current evidence suggests that intracellular and extracellular PTM of apoB are associated with various disorders such diabetes, dyslipidemia and atherosclerosis. The ability to identify and characterize the specific PTM of apoB correlating to specific pathologies may improve our understanding of the underlying molecular mechanisms regulating apoB metabolism.

Elevated immunoglobulin levels in the cerebrospinal fluid from lupus-prone mice.

The systemic autoimmune disease lupus erythematosus (SLE) is frequently accompanied by neuropsychiatric manifestations and brain lesions of unknown etiology. The MRL-lpr mice show behavioral dysfunction concurrent with progression of a lupus-like disease, thus providing a valuable model in understanding the pathogenesis of autoimmunity-induced CNS damage. Profound neurodegeneration in the limbic system of MRL-lpr mice is associated with cytotoxicity of their cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) to mature and immature neurons.