Effects of Obesity on Medial Tibiofemoral Cartilage Mechanics in Females-An Exploration Using Musculoskeletal Simulation and Probabilistic Cartilage Failure Modelling.

This study examined the effects of obesity on cartilage mechanics and longitudinal failure probability at the medial tibiofemoral compartment, using combined musculoskeletal simulation and probabilistic failure modelling approaches. The current investigation examined twenty obese females (BMI > 30.0 kg/m) and 20 healthy weight (BMI < 25.

Effects of Running in Minimal and Conventional Footwear on Medial Tibiofemoral Cartilage Failure Probability in Habitual and Non-Habitual Users.

This study examined the effects of minimal and conventional running footwear on medial tibiofemoral cartilage mechanics and longitudinal failure probability. The current investigation examined twenty males who habitually ran in minimal footwear and 20 males who habitually ran in conventional footwear. Kinematic data during overground running were collected using a motion-capture system and ground reaction forces using a force plate.

Two-Experiment Examination of Habitual and Manipulated Foot Placement Angles on the Kinetics, Kinematics, and Muscle Forces of the Barbell Back Squat in Male Lifters.

This two-experiment study aimed to examine the effects of different habitual foot placement angles and also the effects of manipulating the foot placement angle on the kinetics, three-dimensional kinematics and muscle forces of the squat. In experiment 1, seventy lifters completed squats at 70% of their one repetition maximum using a self-preferred placement angle. They were separated based on their habitual foot angle into three groups HIGH, MEDIUM and LOW.

A Multi-Experiment Investigation of the Effects Stance Width on the Biomechanics of the Barbell Squat.

This two-experiment study aimed to explore habitual and manipulated stance widths on squat biomechanics. In experiment one, 70 lifters completed back squats at 70%, 1 repetition maximum (1RM), and were split into groups (NARROW < 1.06 * greater trochanter width (GTW), MID 1.

Acute effects of different orthoses on lower extremity kinetics and kinematics during running; a musculoskeletal simulation analysis.

Purpose: The current investigation aimed to examine the effects of different orthotic conditions on the biomechanical mechanisms linked to the aetiology of chronic pathologies using musculoskeletal simulation.

Methods: 16 male and 20 females ran over an embedded force plate at 4.0 m/s, in five different conditions (medial, lateral, no-orthoses, semi-custom and off the shelf).

Effects of a 4-week intervention using semi-custom insoles on perceived pain and patellofemoral loading in targeted subgroups of recreational runners with patellofemoral pain.

Objective: Explore the effects of a 4-week intervention using semi-custom insoles in recreational runners with patellofemoral pain.

Design: Mixed methods.

Participants: Seventeen (10 males and 7 females) recreational runners.

The Reliability of Electromyographic Normalization Methods for Cycling Analyses.

Electromyography (EMG) is normalized in relation to a reference maximum voluntary contraction (MVC) value. Different normalization techniques are available but the most reliable method for cycling movements is unknown. This study investigated the reliability of different normalization techniques for cycling analyses.

Three-dimensional kinematic correlates of ball velocity during maximal instep soccer kicking in males.

Achieving a high ball velocity is important during soccer shooting, as it gives the goalkeeper less time to react, thus improving a player's chance of scoring. This study aimed to identify important technical aspects of kicking linked to the generation of ball velocity using regression analyses. Maximal instep kicks were obtained from 22 academy-level soccer players using a 10-camera motion capture system sampling at 500 Hz.

Digital filtering of three-dimensional lower extremity kinematics: an assessment.

Errors in kinematic data are referred to as noise and are an undesirable portion of any waveform. Noise is typically removed using a low-pass filter which removes the high frequency components of the signal. The selection of an optimal frequency cut-off is very important when processing kinematic information and a number of techniques exists for the determination of an optimal frequency cut-off.

The test-retest reliability of anatomical co-ordinate axes definition for the quantification of lower extremity kinematics during running.

Three-dimensional (3-D) kinematic analyses are used widely in both sport and clinical examinations. However, this procedure depends on reliable palpation of anatomical landmarks and mal-positioning of markers between sessions may result in improperly defined segment co-ordinate system axes which will produce in-consistent joint rotations. This had led some to question the efficacy of this technique.