Teaching Observation as a Faculty Development Tool in Medical Education: A Scoping Review.

Introduction: Health professions education often includes teaching observation to inform faculty development (FD) and indirectly improve student performance. Although these FD approaches are well received by faculty, they remain underused and/or underreported, with limited opportunities to receive feedback in workplace contexts. The goal of our study was to map the depth and breadth of education literature on the use of observation of teaching as a tool of professional development in medical education.

Evaluating temporal trends and the impact of surgical subspecialisation on patient outcomes following adhesional small bowel obstruction: a multicentre cohort study.

Purpose: Small bowel obstruction (SBO) is the most common indication for laparotomy in the UK. While general surgeons have become increasingly subspecialised in their elective practice, emergency admissions commonly remain undifferentiated. This study aimed to assess temporal trends in the management of adhesional SBO and explore the influence of subspecialisation on patient outcomes.

Attributes of excellent clinician teachers and barriers to recognizing and rewarding clinician teachers' performances and achievements: a narrative review.

Background: Over the last 31 years, there have been several institutional efforts to better recognize and reward clinician teachers. However, the perception of inadequate recognition and rewards by clinician teachers for their clinical teaching performance and achievements remains. The objective of this narrative review is two-fold: deepen understanding of the attributes of excellent clinician teachers considered for recognition and reward decisions and identify the barriers clinician teachers face in receiving recognition and rewards.

Knowledge, attitudes, and practice preferences in the surgical threshold for ascending aortic aneurysm among Canadian cardiac surgeons.

Objective: The survey aimed to assess the practice patterns of Canadian cardiac surgeons on the size threshold at which patients with ascending aortic aneurysm would be offered surgery.

Methods: A 18-question electronic survey was electronically distributed to 148 practicing cardiac surgeons in Canada via email from January to August 2020. Questions presented clinical scenarios focusing on modifying a single variable, and respondents were asked to identify their surgical size threshold for each of the clinical scenarios.

Implementing Competency-Based Medical Education in Family Medicine: A Narrative Review of Current Trends in Assessment.

Background And Objectives: The implementation of effective competency-based medical education (CBME) relies on building a coherent and integrated system of assessment across the continuum of training to practice. As such, the developmental progression of competencies must be assessed at all stages of the learning process, including continuing professional development (CPD). Yet, much of the recent discussion revolves mostly around residency programs.

Implementing Competency-Based Medical Education in Family Medicine: A Scoping Review on Residency Programs and Family Practices in Canada and the United States.

Background And Objectives: While family medicine has been one of the first specialties to implement competency-based medical education (CBME) in residency, the nature and level of its integration with continuing professional development (CPD) is neither well understood nor well studied. The purpose of this review was to examine the current state of CBME implementation in family medicine residency and CPD programs in the North American education literature, with the aim of identifying implementation concepts and strategies that are generalizable to other medical settings to inform the design and implementation of residency training and CPD.

Methods: Using an Arksey and O'Malley six-step framework, we searched five online databases and the gray literature over the period between January 2000 through April 2017.

Conceptualization of Competency-Based Medical Education Terminology in Family Medicine Postgraduate Medical Education and Continuing Professional Development: A Scoping Review.

Purpose: To examine the extent, range, and nature of how competency-based medical education (CBME) implementation terminology is used (i.e., the conceptualization of CBME-related terms) within the family medicine postgraduate medical education (PGME) and continuing professional development (CPD) literature.

Twelve tips for bringing competencies into continuing professional development: Curriculum mapping.

This article was migrated. The article was marked as recommended. There is a growing worldwide awareness in the field of health professions education and research that a successful implementation of competency-based medical education (CBME) requires embracing all stages of professional development (from undergraduate, through residency to continuing education).

Using Clinical Questions Asked by Primary Care Providers Through eConsults to Inform Continuing Professional Development.

Introduction: Continuing professional development (CPD) offerings should address the educational needs of health care providers. Innovative programs, such as electronic consultations (eConsults), provide unique educational opportunities for practice-based needs assessment. The purpose of this study is to assess whether CPD offerings match the needs of physicians by coding and comparing session content to clinical questions asked through eConsults.

How detrimental is reexploration for bleeding after cardiac surgery?

Objective: To establish the risk factors and impact of reexploration for bleeding in a large modern cardiac surgical cohort.

Methods: At a tertiary referral center, baseline, index procedural, reexploration, outcome, and readmission characteristics of 16,793 consecutive adult cardiac surgery patients were prospectively entered into dedicated clinical databases. Correlates of reexploration for bleeding, as well as its association with outcomes and readmission, were examined with multivariable regression models.

Long-Term Follow-Up of Outcomes With F-18-Fluorodeoxyglucose Positron Emission Tomography Imaging-Assisted Management of Patients With Severe Left Ventricular Dysfunction Secondary to Coronary Disease.

Background: Whether viability imaging can impact long-term patient outcomes is uncertain. The PARR-2 study (Positron Emission Tomography and Recovery Following Revascularization) showed a nonsignificant trend toward improved outcomes at 1 year using an F-18-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (PET)-assisted strategy in patients with suspected ischemic cardiomyopathy. When patients adhered to F-18-fluorodeoxyglucose PET recommendations, outcome benefit was observed.

Family physicians' continuing professional development activities: current practices and potential for new options.

Background: As part of needs assessment processes, our Faculty of Medicine (FOM) continuing professional development office investigated the differences between physicians who do and those who do not frequently participate in planned group learning to gain insight into their interest in new forms of continuing professional development (CPD).

Method: We sent a 19 item questionnaire to 485 randomly selected physicians of the 1050 family physicians in Eastern Ontario. The questionnaire examined present participation and satisfaction with CPD activities and perceptions regarding the potential impact of those; and appetite for new opportunities to meet their learning needs.

Genetic variants are not associated with outcome in patients with coronary artery disease and left ventricular dysfunction: results of the Genetic Substudy of the Surgical Treatment for Ischemic Heart Failure (STICH) trials.

Objectives And Background: We evaluated the ability of 23 genetic variants to provide prognostic information in patients enrolled in the Genetic Substudy of the Surgical Treatment for Ischemic Heart Failure (STICH) trials.

Methods: Patients assigned to STICH Hypothesis 1 were randomized to medical therapy with or without coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). Those assigned to STICH Hypothesis 2 were randomized to CABG or CABG with left ventricular reconstruction.

A systematic review highlights a knowledge gap regarding the effectiveness of health-related training programs in journalology.

Objectives: To investigate whether training in writing for scholarly publication, journal editing, or manuscript peer review effectively improves educational outcomes related to the quality of health research reporting.

Study Design And Setting: We searched MEDLINE, Embase, ERIC, PsycINFO, and the Cochrane Library for comparative studies of formalized, a priori-developed training programs in writing for scholarly publication, journal editing, or manuscript peer review. Comparators included the following: (1) before and after administration of a training program, (2) between two or more training programs, or (3) between a training program and any other (or no) intervention(s).

The feasibility of e-learning as a quality improvement tool.

Rational, Aims And Objectives: Many quality problems exist in health care. We aim to investigate the feasibility and acceptability of using e-learning (defined as computer-based learning modules) to address gaps in quality of care.

Methods: We performed a qualitative evaluation of participants in a pilot e-learning program.

Systematic review of the effectiveness of training programs in writing for scholarly publication, journal editing, and manuscript peer review (protocol).

Background: An estimated $100 billion is lost to 'waste' in biomedical research globally, annually, much of which comes from the poor quality of published research. One area of waste involves bias in reporting research, which compromises the usability of published reports. In response, there has been an upsurge in interest and research in the scientific process of writing, editing, peer reviewing, and publishing (that is, journalology) of biomedical research.

Sudden power loss in a HeartMate II left ventricular assist device due to intermittent pin contact with the battery: case report.

Left ventricular assist device technology has improved such that mechanical malfunction, particularly with newer generation continuous flow devices, is a relatively rare event. We present a case of sudden power loss in a HeartMate II caused by intermittent contact of the battery terminals after a clip was dropped with the battery inserted in it. The clip was replaced and the patient made a complete recovery.

Cerebral microembolization after bioprosthetic aortic valve replacement: comparison of warfarin plus aspirin versus aspirin only.

Background: No human physiological data exists on whether aspirin only is as effective as warfarin plus aspirin in preventing cerebral microembolization in the early postoperative period after bioprosthetic aortic valve replacement (bAVR).

Methods And Results: We prospectively enrolled 56 patients who had no other indication for oral anticoagulation, who underwent bAVR and received, in an open-label fashion, either daily warfarin (for INR 2.0-3.