Mitochondrial-targeted nitroxides disrupt mitochondrial architecture and inhibit expression of peroxiredoxin 3 and FOXM1 in malignant mesothelioma cells.

Malignant mesothelioma (MM) is an intractable tumor of the peritoneal and pleural cavities primarily linked to exposure to asbestos. Recently, we described an interplay between mitochondrial-derived oxidants and expression of FOXM1, a redox-responsive transcription factor that has emerged as a promising therapeutic target in solid malignancies. Here we have investigated the effects of nitroxides targeted to mitochondria via triphenylphosphonium (TPP) moieties on mitochondrial oxidant production, expression of FOXM1 and peroxiredoxin 3 (PRX3), and cell viability in MM cells in culture.

Peroxiredoxin 3 is a redox-dependent target of thiostrepton in malignant mesothelioma cells.

Thiostrepton (TS) is a thiazole antibiotic that inhibits expression of FOXM1, an oncogenic transcription factor required for cell cycle progression and resistance to oncogene-induced oxidative stress. The mechanism of action of TS is unclear and strategies that enhance TS activity will improve its therapeutic potential. Analysis of human tumor specimens showed FOXM1 is broadly expressed in malignant mesothelioma (MM), an intractable tumor associated with asbestos exposure.

Uncommon lesions in the internal auditory canal (IAC): review of the literature and case report.

Background: Despite the relatively frequent occurrence of multiple primary tumors, namely, 10% of intracranial tumors, metastasis is a rare occurrence within the internal auditory canal (IAC) and cerebellopontine angle (CPA). Intracanalicular metastases of adenocarcinoma are documented, but a primary adenocarcinoma remains unreported. We provide a review of uncommon lesions in the IAC and describe to our knowledge the first instance of a primary adenocarcinoma.

Magnetic resonance imaging, computed tomography, and conventional X-ray in 3 cases of symmelia.

Background: Symmelia is a rare birth defect, often combined with severe malformations of the urogenital system and the lower gastrointestinal tract. Additionally, a deformed pelvis and various degrees of separation of the lower limbs are present.

Cases: We report the examination findings of 3 autopsy specimens of symmelia using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and computed tomography (CT) with 3-dimensional (3D) reconstructions, and conventional X-ray.

Vertigo and hearing disturbance as the first sign of a glioblastoma (World Health Organization grade IV).

Objective: To describe vertigo and hearing disturbance as a first sign of glioblastoma.

Study Design: Case report.

Setting: Ear, Nose, and Throat Department of the University of Regensberg, Germany.

Magnetic resonance imaging in patients diagnosed with papilledema: a comparison of 6 different high-resolution T1- and T2(*)-weighted 3-dimensional and 2-dimensional sequences.

Purpose: To evaluate visualization and signal characteristics of macroscopic changes in patients with ophthalmologically stated papilledema and to find a suitable high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) protocol.

Method: Nine consecutive patients with 12 ophthalmologically stated papilledemas underwent MRI of the head and orbits, which consisted of the following high-resolution sequences: 3-dimensional (3D), T2*-weighted (T2*w) constructive interference in steady-state sequence (CISS); 3D, T1-weighted (T1w) magnetization prepared-rapid gradient echo sequence (MP-RAGE) (with and without intravenous contrast medium); transverse 3D and 2-dimensional (2D) (2 mm), T2-weighted (T2w) turbo spin echo (TSE); transverse 2D (2 mm), contrast-enhanced T1w TSE with fat-suppression technique; and transverse 2D (5 mm), T2w TSE. A quantitative and qualitative evaluation of the papilla, optic nerve, optic nerve sheath, optic chiasm, and the brain was performed.

Magnetic resonance imaging-based virtual endoscopy of inner ear pathology.

Objective: To study the feasibility of high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-based virtual endoscopy of the labyrinth to assess subtle inner ear pathology.

Study Design: A retrospective case review of patient with known inner ear pathology to determine the feasibility and clinical value of MRI-based virtual labyrinthoscopy.

Setting: Tertiary referral center.