Bodily-tactile early intervention: a pilot study of the role of maternal touch and emotional availability in interactions between three children with visual impairment and additional disabilities and their mothers.

Background: Children with visual impairment and additional disabilities (VIAD) have difficulty accessing the visual information related to their parents' facial expressions and gestures. Similarly, it may be hard for parents to detect their children's subtle expressions. These challenges in accessibility may compromise emotional availability (EA) in parent-child interactions.

Presacral malakoplakia presenting as foot drop: a case report.

Background: Malakoplakia is a rare condition characterized by inflammatory masses with specific histological characteristics. These soft tissue masses can mimic tumors and tend to develop in association with chronic or recurrent infections, typically of the urinary tract. A specific defect in innate immunity has been described.

Psychotherapy Treatment of Generalized Anxiety Disorder Improves When Conducted Under Narrow Band Green Light.

Background And Goals: Psychotherapy is one of the most highly recommended and practiced approaches for the treatment of Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD). Commonly defined as excessive worry that is uncontrollable, GAD is one of the most prevalent psychiatric disorders. Anxiety is also one of the most common associated symptoms of migraine.

Lessons to learn from the analysis of routine health data from Moria Refugee Camp on Lesvos, Greece.

Background: Refugees in humanitarian settings commonly experience many health needs and barriers to access healthcare; health data from these settings are infrequently reported, preventing effective healthcare provision. This report describes health needs of refugees in Moria Camp on Lesvos, Greece-Europe's largest refugee camp.

Methods: A set of routinely collected service data of 18 131 consultations of 11 938 patients, attending a primary care clinic in the camp over 6 months in 2019-20, was analysed retrospectively, focusing on chronic health conditions.

Bodily-tactile early intervention for a mother and her child with visual impairment and additional disabilities: a case study.

Purpose: Congenital visual impairment and additional disabilities (VIAD) may hamper the development of a child's communication skills and the quality of overall emotional availability between a child and his/her parents. This study investigated the effects of bodily-tactile intervention on a Finnish 26year-old mother's use of the bodily-tactile modality, the gestural and vocal expressions of her oneyear-old child with VIAD, and emotional availability between the dyad.

Materials And Methods: Mixed methods were used in the video analysis.

Patients with limited health literacy have worse preoperative function and pain control and experience prolonged hospitalizations following shoulder arthroplasty.

Background: Patients with limited health literacy (LHL) may have difficulty understanding and acting on medical information, placing them at risk for potential misuse of health services and adverse outcomes. The purposes of our study were to determine (1) the prevalence of LHL in patients undergoing inpatient shoulder arthroplasty, (2) the association of LHL with the degree of preoperative symptom intensity and magnitude of limitations, (3) and the effects of LHL on perioperative outcomes including postoperative length of stay (LOS), total inpatient costs, and inpatient opioid consumption.

Methods: We retrospectively identified 230 patients who underwent elective inpatient reverse or anatomic shoulder arthroplasty between January 2018 and May 2021 from a prospectively maintained single-surgeon registry.

Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome associated with use of Atezolizumab for the treatment of relapsed triple negative breast cancer.

Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) is a complex neurological disorder with multiple clinical manifestations including headaches, seizures, and altered mental status. It is associated with many conditions including malignancy and medications including chemotherapy and immunotherapy. We report the case of a 56-year old female with a history of advanced triple negative breast cancer treated with atezolizumab (a PD-L1 inhibitor), paclitaxel and ipatasertib (investigational AKT inhibitor), who developed hypertension, confusion, and imaging findings consistent with PRES.

Protocol for a multicenter, randomised controlled trial of surgeon-directed home therapy vs. outpatient rehabilitation by physical therapists for reverse total shoulder arthroplasty: the SHORT trial.

Background: Reverse total shoulder arthroplasty (RTSA) has emerged as a successful surgery with expanding indications. Outcomes may be influenced by post-operative rehabilitation; however, there is a dearth of research regarding optimal rehabilitation strategy following RTSA. The primary purpose of this study is to compare patient reported and clinical outcomes after RTSA in two groups: in one group rehabilitation is directed by formal, outpatient clinic-based physical therapists (PT group) as compared to a home therapy group, in which patients are instructed in their rehabilitative exercises by surgeons at post-operative appointments (HT group).

Rising to Ostrom's challenge: an invitation to walk on the bright side of public governance and public service.

In this programmatic essay, we argue that public governance scholarship would benefit from developing a self-conscious and cohesive strand of "positive" scholarship, akin to social science subfields like positive psychology, positive organizational studies, and positive evaluation. We call for a program of research devoted to uncovering the factors and mechanisms that enable high performing public policies and public service delivery mechanisms; procedurally and distributively fair processes of tackling societal conflicts; and robust and resilient ways of coping with threats and risks. The core question driving positive public administration scholarship should be: Why is it that particular public policies, programs, organizations, networks, or partnerships manage do much better than others to produce widely valued societal outcomes, and how might knowledge of this be used to advance institutional learning from positives?

Functional somatic syndromes are associated with suboptimal outcomes and high cost after shoulder arthroplasty.

Background: The presence of functional somatic syndromes (chronic physical symptoms with no identifiable organic cause) in patients undergoing elective joint arthroplasty may affect the recovery experience. We explored the prevalence of functional somatic syndromes among shoulder arthroplasty patients, as well as their association with postoperative outcomes and costs.

Methods: We identified 480 patients undergoing elective total shoulder arthroplasty (anatomic or reverse) between 2015 and 2018 in our institutional registry with minimum 2-year follow-up.

Presentations and outcomes of central nervous system TB in a UK cohort: The high burden of neurological morbidity.

Objectives: Most data for Central Nervous System Tuberculosis (CNS-TB) derive from high-incidence, resource-limited countries. We sought to determine the presentation, management and outcomes of CNS-TB in a low-incidence setting with accessible healthcare.

Methods: We undertook a retrospective, observational study of CNS-TB in adults at a single tertiary-referral London hospital (2001-2017).

Navigating the dichotomy: The top public servant's craft.

How in their day-to-day practices do top public servants straddle the politics-administration dichotomy (PAD), which tells them to serve and yet influence their ministers at the same time? To examine this, we discuss how three informal 'rules of the game' govern day-to-day political-administrative interactions in the Dutch core executive: mutual respect, discretionary space, and reciprocal loyalty. Drawing from 31 hours of elite-interviews with one particular (authoritative) top public servant, who served multiple prime ministers, and supplementary interviews with his (former) ministers and co-workers, we illustrate the top public servants' craft of responsively and yet astutely straddling the ambiguous boundaries between 'politics' and 'administration'. We argue that if PAD-driven scholarship on elite administrative work is to remain relevant, it has to come to terms with the boundary-blurring impacts of temporal interactions, the emergence of 'hybrid' ministerial advisers, and the 'thickening' of accountability regimes that affects both politicians and public servants.

Habitat-specific morphological variation among threespine sticklebacks (Gasterosteus aculeatus) within a drainage basin.

Habitat-specific morphological variation, often corresponding to resource specialization, is well documented in freshwater fishes. In this study we used landmark based morphometric analyses to investigate morphological variation among threespine sticklebacks (Gasterosteus aculeatus L.) from four interconnected habitat types within a single lowland drainage basin in eastern England.

Quorum decision-making facilitates information transfer in fish shoals.

Despite the growing interest in collective phenomena such as "swarm intelligence" and "wisdom of the crowds," little is known about the mechanisms underlying decision-making in vertebrate animal groups. How do animals use the behavior of others to make more accurate decisions, especially when it is not possible to identify which individuals possess pertinent information? One plausible answer is that individuals respond only when they see a threshold number of individuals perform a particular behavior. Here, we investigate the role of such "quorum responses" in the movement decisions of fish (three-spine stickleback, Gasterosteus aculeatus).

MELAS mitochondrial DNA mutation A3243G reduces glutamate transport in cybrids cell lines.

MELAS (mitochondrial myopathy, encephalopathy, lactic acidosis and stroke-like episodes) is commonly associated with the A3243G mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) mutation encoding the transfer RNA of leucine (UUR) (tRNA (Leu(UUR))). The pathogenetic mechanisms of this mutation are not completely understood. Neuronal functions are particularly vulnerable to alterations in oxidative phosphorylation, which may affect the function of the neurotransmitter glutamate, leading to excitotoxicity.

Correlated evolution and dietary change in fossil stickleback.

The importance of trophic ecology in adaptation and evolution is well known, yet direct evidence that feeding controls microevolution over extended evolutionary time scales, available only from the fossil record, is conspicuously lacking. Through quantitative analysis of tooth microwear, we show that rapid evolutionary change in Miocene stickleback was associated with shifts in feeding, providing direct evidence from the fossil record for changes in trophic niche and resource exploitation driving directional, microevolutionary change over thousands of years. These results demonstrate the potential for tooth microwear analysis to provide powerful insights into trophic ecology during aquatic adaptive radiations.

Social recognition in wild fish populations.

The ability of animals to gather information about their social and physical environment is essential for their ecological function. Odour cues are an important component of this information gathering across taxa. Recent laboratory studies have revealed the importance of flexible chemical cues in facilitating social recognition of fishes.

Quantitative analysis of dental microwear in threespine stickleback: a new approach to analysis of trophic ecology in aquatic vertebrates.

1. The threespine stickleback Gasterosteus aculeatus is an important model organism in studies of genomic and phenotypic evolution, adaptation and speciation. Fossil Gasterosteus offer the potential to test models derived from studies of extant fishes over true evolutionary time-scales.

Conservation benefits of temperate marine protected areas: variation among fish species.

Marine protected areas, and other fishery management systems that impart partial or total protection from fishing, are increasingly advocated as an essential management tool to ensure the sustainable use of marine resources. Beneficial effects for fish species are well documented for tropical and reef systems, but the effects of marine protected areas remain largely untested in temperate waters. We compared trends in sport-fishing catches of nine fish species in an area influenced by a large (500-km2) towed-fishing-gear restriction zone and in adjacent areas under conventional fishery management controls.

International Cooperative Ataxia Rating Scale (ICARS): appropriate for studies of Friedreich's ataxia?

Clinicians require scientifically rigorous, clinically meaningful rating scales to evaluate the health impact of disease and treatment that cannot be measured using conventional laboratory instruments. This study evaluated the psychometric properties of the International Cooperative Ataxia Rating Scale (ICARS), a commonly used clinician-rated measure, in Friedreich's ataxia (FRDA). People with confirmed FRDA were assessed by using the ICARS.

Antioxidant treatment of patients with Friedreich ataxia: four-year follow-up.

Background: Decreased mitochondrial respiratory chain function and increased oxidative stress have been implicated in the pathogenesis of Friedreich ataxia (FRDA), raising the possibility that energy enhancement and antioxidant therapies may be an effective treatment.

Objective: To evaluate the long-term efficacy of a combined antioxidant and mitochondrial enhancement therapy on the bioenergetics and clinical course of FRDA.

Design: Open-labeled pilot trial over 47 months.

Assessment and assortment: how fishes use local and global cues to choose which school to go to.

Animals that live in groups are known preferentially to associate with phenotypically similar individuals. Despite this, groups of mixed phenotypic composition are the norm rather than the exception in several systems in the wild and this, combined with the large sizes of some animal groups, makes accurate global assessment by a choosing individual more difficult. In this study, we investigated the role of local and global information in mediating shoal-choice decisions in three-spined sticklebacks (Gasterosteus aculeatus) by manipulating the positions and phenotypes of stimulus fish in relation to a focal fish.