The Relationship Between Sensory Processing and Attachment Patterns: A Scoping Review.

Clinicians and researchers have observed that sensory processing and attachment difficulties frequently co-occur; however, little is known about which sensory processing and attachment patterns are interrelated across populations. To review evidence of empirical relationships between sensory processing and attachment patterns across the life span. Using the Arksey and O'Malley framework, four databases were searched up to June 2021 for studies that investigated relationships between sensory processing and attachment patterns.

The impact of posttraumatic stress disorder on the psychological distress, positivity, and well-being of Australian police officers.

Objective: Police officers experience many traumatic events over the course of their career, often resulting in posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and associated psychological distress. Studies have investigated the efficacy of interventions aimed at reducing symptoms of PTSD experienced by police officers, but lacking are studies investigating the impact of PTSD on positivity, a construct we define as a latent variable estimated using self-report measures of optimism, gratitude, self-compassion, and mindfulness. The present study carried out a path analysis of a model testing the hypothesis that PTSD would be associated with increased psychological distress and decreased positivity, both of which influence well-being.

Personality, cognition and hazardous drinking: Support for the 2-Component Approach to Reinforcing Substances Model.

Personality and cognitive processes are both related to alcohol use and misuse. A recent model of hazardous drinking referred, the 2-CARS model, postulates two major pathways to hazardous drinking. One pathway primarily involves the association between Reward Drive and Positive Outcome Expectancies, the second involves the association between Rash Impulsiveness and Drinking Refusal Self-Efficacy.

The contribution of mindfulness-based therapies for children and families and proposed conceptual integration.

Background:   Mindfulness is the development of a nonjudgmental accepting awareness of moment-by-moment experience. Intentionally attending to one's ongoing stream of sensations, thoughts, and emotions as they arise has a number of benefits, including the ability to react with greater flexibility to events and sustain attention. Thus the teaching of mindfulness-based skills to children and their carers is a potential means of improving family relationships and helping children achieve more positive developmental outcomes through increased ability to sustain attention and manage emotions.

The Health of the Nation Outcome Scales for Children and Adolescents in an adolescent in-patient sample.

Objective: The primary aims of the study were to examine the reliability and validity of the Health of the Nation Outcome Scales for Children and Adolescents (HoNOSCA) in a sample of adolescents requiring medium to long-term in-patient psychiatric treatment and to examine the association between HoNOSCA scores and age, gender and length of treatment.

Methods: A multidisciplinary team completed the HoNOSCA for 51 adolescent patients at intake and at 3- and 6-months following admission to the unit.

Results: The study provided support for the test-retest reliability, concurrent and convergent validity, but not the internal reliability, of the HoNOSCA.

Improving family functioning and child outcome in methadone maintained families: the Parents Under Pressure programme.

Twelve families responded to posters displayed in a methadone clinic for inclusion in a pilot study assessing the viability and potential utility of an intensive, multi-component family-focused intervention, the Parents Under Pressure programme. The programme was designed to improve child behaviour, decrease parental stress and improve family functioning in methadone-maintained families by targeting affect regulation, mood, views of self as a parent, drug use and parenting skills. Nine of the families completed the programme delivered in their homes; eight were recontacted at 3 months.