Classification and measurement of displacement of isolated greater tuberosity fractures: Intra and interobserver reliability.

Background: Literature demonstrates variability in the amount of displacement of isolated greater tuberosity (GT) fractures and measurement techniques that orthopaedic surgeons deem warrant surgical intervention. This study aims to assess the intra and interobserver reliability for classifying and measuring the displacement amount for isolated GT fractures.

Methods: Eight surgeons, consisting of four shoulder specialists and four trainee surgeons, reviewed 25 plain radiographs on two separate occasions, 3 months apart.

Outcomes at mean follow-up of four years following AO type-C distal humerus fractures managed with fixation or arthroplasty.

Aim: To compare outcomes between open reduction internal fixation (ORIF), total elbow replacement (TER) and distal humerus hemiarthroplasty (DHH) for AO type-C (AOC) fractures of the distal humerus in patients aged 50 years or older.

Methods: A retrospective analysis of acute AOC distal humerus fractures in patients aged 50 years or older between 2016 and 2022. Outcomes measured: Oxford Elbow Score (OES), Mayo Elbow Performance Score (MEPS), complication rate, re-operation rate and range of movement (ROM).

The usefulness of ultrasound in predicting outcomes in patients with shoulder pain: a prospective observational study.

Objectives: Shoulder pain is common but current clinical classification has limited utility. We aimed to determine whether groups of ultrasound-based shoulder pathologies exist and to evaluate outcomes according to identified groups and individual pathologies.

Methods: This was a prospective study of a community-based cohort with shoulder pain referred for their first ultrasound scan at a single radiology unit, with subsequent routine clinical care.

Attaching palladium catalysts to antibodies.

Antibody-directed enzyme prodrug therapy (ADEPT) is a powerful concept in which antibody targeting is linked to enzymatic prodrug activation. The work herein describes the first steps in the development of a technology analogous to ADEPT but in which a palladium catalyst is attached of an antibody rather than an enzyme. Antibody-metal conjugates have been used in a variety of contexts including for radiotherapy; however, none of the metals attached to the antibodies have been used for catalytic purposes.

Solid-phase synthesis of biocompatible N-heterocyclic carbene-Pd catalysts using a sub-monomer approach.

Taking inspiration from the assembly of so-called peptoids (N-alkylglycine oligomers) we present a new synthetic methodology whereby N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) based Pd ligands were assembled using a sub-monomer approach and loaded with Pd via solid-phase synthesis. This allowed the rapid generation a library of NHC-palladium catalysts that were readily functionalised to allow bioconjugation. These catalysts were able to rapidly activate a caged fluorophore and 'switch-on' an anticancer prodrug in 3D cell culture.

What Imaging-Detected Pathologies Are Associated With Shoulder Symptoms and Their Persistence? A Systematic Literature Review.

Objective: Shoulder symptoms are common, and imaging is being increasingly used to help with management. However, the relationship between imaging and symptoms remains unclear. This review aims to understand the relationship between imaging-detected pathologies, symptoms, and their persistence.

Risk factors associated with intraoperative complications in primary shoulder arthroplasty.

Background and purpose - Increasing numbers of shoulder arthroplasty are performed internationally. The predictors of intraoperative complications when implanting primary shoulder replacements are unknown. We determined the incidence of intraoperative complications during primary shoulder arthroplasty using the National Joint Registry of England, Wales, Northern Ireland and the Isle of Man (NJR), and analyzed the associated risk factors for complications.

Intraoperative complications during revision shoulder arthroplasty: a study using the National Joint Registry dataset.

Background: The surgical options for revision shoulder arthroplasty and the number of procedures performed are increasing. However, little is known about the risk factors for intraoperative complications associated with this complex surgery.

Methods: The National Joint Registry (NJR) is a surgeon reported database recording information on major joint replacements including revision shoulder arthroplasty.

Deltoid compartment syndrome as a complication of lateral decubitus positioning for contralateral elbow surgery in an anabolic steroid abuser.

Compartment syndrome as a result of patient positioning for surgery is a rare but serious complication. Compartment syndrome as a result of anabolic steroid use is more rare. We present a unique case of compartment syndrome related to anabolic steroid use and patient positioning for complex distal humerus fracture fixation and also provide a review of the literature related to this topic.

Reason for revision influences early patient outcomes after aseptic knee revision.

Background: Revision TKA less consistently produces improvements in clinical function and quality of life when compared with primary TKA. The reasons for this difference are unclear.

Questions/purposes: We determined differences in patient-reported outcomes and rates of satisfaction between primary and revision TKAs, and determine whether the reason for revision influences patient-reported outcomes after revision TKA.