Trends in Secondhand Smoke Exposure, 2011-2018: Impact and Implications of Expanding Serum Cotinine Range.

Introduction: The impact of defining secondhand smoke exposure among nonsmokers using an expanded serum cotinine range is currently unknown.

Methods: This study assessed the trends in secondhand smoke exposure prevalence among a nationally representative sample of 23,753 U.S.

Trends in Manufacturer-Reported Nicotine Yields in Cigarettes Sold in the United States, 2013-2016.

Introduction: A gradual reduction of cigarette nicotine content to nonaddictive levels has been proposed as an endgame strategy to accelerate declines in combustible tobacco smoking. We assessed manufacturer-reported nicotine yield in cigarettes sold in the United States from 2013 to 2016.

Methods: We merged machine-measured nicotine yield in cigarette smoke and pack characteristics obtained from reports filed by tobacco manufacturers with the Federal Trade Commission for 2013-2016 with monthly Nielsen data on US cigarette sales.

Tobacco-Free Pharmacies and U.S. Adult Smoking Behavior: Evidence From CVS Health's Removal of Tobacco Sales.

Introduction: Beginning September 3, 2014, CVS Health stopped selling tobacco products in all of its retail stores nationwide. This study assessed the impact of removing tobacco sales from CVS Health on cigarette smoking behaviors among U.S.

Exposure to Secondhand Smoke Among Nonsmokers - United States, 1988-2014.

Exposure to secondhand smoke from burning tobacco products can cause sudden infant death syndrome, respiratory infections, ear infections, and asthma attacks in infants and children, and coronary heart disease, stroke, and lung cancer in adult nonsmokers (1). There is no risk-free level of secondhand smoke exposure (2). CDC analyzed questionnaire and laboratory data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) to assess patterns of secondhand smoke exposure among U.

Electronic Cigarette Exposure: Calls to Wisconsin Poison Control Centers, 2010–2015.

Background: E-cigarettes are battery-powered devices that deliver nicotine and flavorings by aerosol and have been marketed in the United States since 2007. Because e-cigarettes have increased in popularity, toxicity potential from device misuse and malfunction also has increased. National data indicate that during 2010–2014, exposure calls to US poison control centers increased only 0.

Measuring Movement to Determine Physiological Roles of Acetylcholinesterase Classes in Caenorhabditis elegans.

A difference in movement has been hypothesized to exist between Caenorhabditis elegans strains lacking one of two main genes for acetylcholinesterase (AChE), ace-1(+) and ace-2(+). We explored the precision of movement as an endpoint by measuring and comparing the movements of these strains (VC505 and GG202, respectively) and of N2 (wild-type). The order of movement of the strains is: N2 > VC505 > GG202; therefore, loss of the ace-2(+) gene is more detrimental to movement.

Reversible AChE inhibitors in C. elegans vs. rats, mice.

We are investigating whether Caenorhabditis elegans could be used as a screen for vertebrates by comparing the responses of components of its cholinergic system to well-characterized toxicants. We assessed whether C. elegans displays similar toxicity as rats and mice to reversible acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitors, and sought to corroborate that the toxicity mechanism is the same.