Bioactive Compounds in : Mechanisms of Action, Focus on Their Anti-Inflammatory Properties.

() is a tropical tree native to Pakistan, India, Bangladesh, and Afghanistan; it is cultivated for its nutritious leaves, pods, and seeds. This scientific study was conducted to outline the anti-inflammatory properties and mechanisms of action of bioactive compounds from The existing research has found that the plant is used in traditional medicine due to its bioactive compounds, including phytochemicals: flavonoids and polyphenols. The compounds are thought to exert their anti-inflammatory effects due to: (1) inhibition of pro-inflammatory enzymes: quercetin and kaempferol inhibit the pro-inflammatory enzymes (cyclooxygenase and lipoxygenase); (2) regulation of cytokine production: isothiocyanates modulate signaling pathways involved in inflammation, such as the nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kappa B) pathway; isothiocyanates inhibit the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as TNF-α (tumor necrosis factor α) and IL-1β (interleukin-1β); and (3) antioxidant activity: contains flavonoids, polyphenols, known to reduce oxidative stress and inflammation.

Early-induced diabetic obese rat MACAPOS 2.

Background: Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disease characterized by an abnormally high blood glucose level. Glucose intolerance and insulin resistance are two characteristics that promote the onset and development of type 2 diabetes. The aim of this study was to create a diabetic rat model from obese rat MACAPOS 2.

Evaluation of Anticolitis and Antioxidant Properties of (Bixaceae) Leaf Hydroethanolic Extract on Acetic Acid-Induced Ulcerative Colitis in Rats.

Background: Ulcerative colitis is an idiopathic inflammatory bowel disease characterized by tissue damage, diarrhea, anemia, and loss of body weight. Tissue damage occurs as a result of uncontrolled activation of the immune response and an increase in free radicals, which have a strong effect on the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease. The incidence and prevalence of this inflammatory disease continue to increase worldwide.

Anxiolytic and anti-colitis effects of Moringa oleifera leaf-aqueous extract on acetic acid-induced colon inflammation in rat.

Moringa oleifera decoction is believed to alleviate gastrointestinal tract diseases. This study investigated antioxidant and anxiolytic activities of its leaves aqueous extract on acetic acid-induced colitis in rats. Rats (36) were randomly divided into six groups and received (20 days) distilled water, 10 mL/kg; Moringa oleifera leaf-aqueous extract (25, 50, and 100 mg/kg) or Loperamide (5 mg/kg).

Effects of hydro-ethanolic extract of leaves of Maesa lanceolata (Mursinaceae) on acetic acid-induced ulcerative colitis in rats.

Ulcerative colitis is a form of inflammatory bowel disease that is characterized by acute and chronic inflammation. The aim of this work was to evaluate the efficacy of hydroethanolic extract of Maesa lanceolata leaves on acetic acid-induced colitis in rats. Colitis was induced by rectal administration of 1 mL of acetic acid (4%) in 25 male rats except the normal control group which received distilled water after 18 h of fasting followed by Ketamine (50 mg/kg)/Valium (10 mg/kg) anesthesia.

Effect of the Hydroethanolic Extract of Linn (Bixaceae) Leaves on Castor Oil-Induced Diarrhea in Swiss Albino Mice.

Objective: The treatment of diarrheal diseases is a serious problem in developing countries, where population generally uses medicinal plants. The leaves of have been reported to be traditionally used in the treatment of diarrhea by local people in the district of Khulna in Bangladesh. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of the hydroethanolic extract of leaves on castor oil-induced diarrhea in mice.

Anti-Shigellosis Activity of Water/Ethanol Pods Extract on Induced Diarrhea in Rats.

This study was undertaken to evaluate the activities of water/ethanol pods extract. antimicrobial susceptibility was determined by the disk diffusion method; the minimum inhibitory concentration and minimum bactericidal concentration were determined by agar dilution technique. , shigellosis was induced in healthy Wistar albino rats by oral administration of inoculum, 12 × 10 CFU/mL.

Antioxidant activity of dichloromethane fraction of Dichrocephala integrifolia in Salmonella typhi-infected rats.

Objective: Infectious diseases such as typhoid fever lead to the formation of free radicals which can damage the body. Many medicinal plants have antioxidant molecules that neutralize free radicals. The present work evaluated the antioxidant activity and histopathological effects of the dichloromethane fraction of Dichrocephala integrifolia in Salmonella typhi-infected rats.

Effects of Water/Ethanol Extract on -Induced Diarrhea in Rats.

Diarrheal disease, characterized by the release of more than three loose or liquid stools per day, remains one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in children below 5 years of age in developing countries. Many drugs used in diarrhea management face contraindication and, with regard to infectious diarrhea, resistance of some bacterial strains; this therefore increases the need of new alternative and more effective drugs. This study aimed to evaluate anti- activities of water/ethanol extract.

Effects of Oxalis barrelieri L. (Oxalidaceae) aqueous extract on diarrhea induced by type 1 in rats.

Aim: Oxalis barrelieri is a medicinal plant commonly used in Cameroon, for the treatment of many diarrheal diseases. The antibacterial properties of O barrelieri aqueous extract (WOb) against Shigella dysenteriae type 1 were investigated in vitro and in vivo.

Methods: ntibacterial activity was evaluated in vitro by disc diffusion method and by macrodilution method.