Contributing Factors to the Rise in Adolescent Anxiety and Associated Mental Health Disorders: A Narrative Review of Current Literature.

Background: The prevalence of anxiety among adolescents has seen a notable increase in recent years, becoming a significant public health concern. In fact, anxiety is substantially more prevalent in Generation Z (individuals born between 1997 and 2012) than in any of the past three generations. We aimed to examine what factors contribute to the increased prevalence in teen anxiety and identify points of intervention.

Extract from endophytic isolates stimulates seed germination of the host and protocorm development of non-host orchids.

We isolated endophytic strains from the healthy roots, stems, and leaves of to investigate their plant growth-promoting activities in vitro. Subsequently, Indole acetic acid (IAA) was quantified and the gene (responsible for IAA synthesis in fungi) was amplified and sequenced. Finally, a germination assay was performed with seeds of and a plant growth assay with protocorms of to test their plant growth-promoting activities.

Aflatoxin M1 Contamination in Dairy Milk in Kathmandu, Nepal.

Aflatoxins (AFs), secondary metabolites produced by fungi, pose significant health risks, especially to children and elderly individuals. In developing countries such as Nepal, the tropical climate promotes fungal growth, leading to elevated levels of AF in animal feed and milk. In this study, we aimed to investigate the occurrence of aflatoxin M1 (AFM1) in dairy milk from the Kathmandu District and to assess husbandry practices contributing to contamination.

Antidiabetic potential of four species of mushrooms from Nepal.

People use mushrooms to treat diabetes mellitus. We studied the antidiabetic potential of four mushrooms using porcine pancreatic α-amylase inhibitory activity and alloxan-induced diabetic mice. Methanolic extracts of all mushrooms were effective in inhibiting α-amylase activity.

Salvage interstitial brachytherapy for treatment of recurrent endometrial cancers in the vagina: Seven-year single institution experience and review of second recurrence patterns.

Introduction: Interstitial brachytherapy (ISBT) is a known treatment for vaginal recurrence of endometrial cancer. This study reviews a large tertiary institution's ISBT experience and outcomes for vaginal recurrences.

Material And Methods: Patients who underwent salvage ISBT for vaginal recurrence of endometrial cancer from January 1, 2014 to August 31, 2021, were identified.

Impact of Sex, Serostatus, and Smoking on Risk for Rheumatoid Arthritis-Associated Interstitial Lung Disease Subtypes.

Objective: Rheumatoid arthritis-associated interstitial lung disease (RA-ILD) includes multiple subtypes with varying histopathology, prognosis, and potential treatments. Limited research has investigated risk factors for different RA-ILD subtypes. Therefore, we examined demographic, serologic, and lifestyle associations with RA-ILD subtypes.

Spontaneous falciform ligament necrosis: A rare case report.

Spontaneous and isolated necrosis of the falciform ligament is a rare condition. A 55-year-old lady presented with sudden onset of epigastric pain, fever and vomiting. Laboratory studies revealed less than three-fold increase in serum amylase and lipase levels.

Longitudinal analysis of serum urate in prediabetic phase.

Objectives: Despite the well-established association between prediabetes and hyperuricaemia, knowledge about serum urate (SU) trends during the prediabetic phase is limited. Therefore, we aimed to assess the longitudinal changes of SU in individuals with prediabetes.

Methods: Individuals with prediabetes, defined by initial haemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels between 5.

Malignant recto-jejunal fistula: a rare case report.

Introduction And Importance: Malignancy can lead to colo-enteric fistulas. A malignant fistula between the rectum and the jejunum is a rare occurrence.

Case Presentation: A 60-year-old female suffered from diarrhea, vomiting, and epigastric pain for 4 months.

Earlier vs. later time period of COVID-19 infection and emergent autoimmune signs, symptoms, and serologies.

Objective: Autoantibodies and autoimmune diseases after SARS-CoV-2 infection are widely reported. Given evolving variants, milder infections, and increasing population vaccination, we hypothesized that SARS-CoV-2 infection earlier in the pandemic would be associated with more autoimmune connective tissue disease (CTD) symptoms and immunologic abnormalities.

Methods: Patients ≥18 years old with COVID-19 3/1/2020-8/15/2022 completed the CTD Screening Questionnaire and were tested for 27 autoimmune serologies, SARS-CoV-2 serologies, cell-bound complement activation products (CB-CAPs), and T and B lymphocyte immunophenotypes by flow cytometry.

Patients report significant improvement in quality of life following hiatal hernia repair-despite recurrence.

Background: Hiatal hernia (HH) repairs have been associated with high recurrence rates. This study aimed to investigate if changes in patient's self-reported GERD health-related quality of life (HRQL) scores over time are associated with long-term surgical outcomes.

Methods: Retrospective chart reviews were conducted on all patients who had laparoscopic or robotic HH repairs between 2018 and 2022 at a tertiary care center.

Extraosseous Ewing Sarcoma With Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding.

Ewing sarcoma/primitive neuroectodermal tumor (ES/PNET) is a type of malignancy that usually appears as a tumor in the bone. However, in a few patients with ES/PNET, it can occur outside of the bone. Although extraosseous ES/PNET can appear in various parts of the body, involvement of small bowel is rare.

Forced vital capacity trajectories and risk of lung transplant and ILD-related mortality among patients with rheumatoid arthritis-associated interstitial lung disease.

We aimed to determine the prevalence and outcomes for forced vital capacity percent predicted (FVCpp) decline among patients with rheumatoid arthritis-associated interstitial lung disease (RA-ILD). We identified patients with RA-ILD in the Mass General Brigham Healthcare system. RA-ILD diagnosis was determined by review of high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) imaging by up to three thoracic radiologists.

Rheumatoid arthritis and changes on spirometry by smoking status in two prospective longitudinal cohorts.

Objective: To compare longitudinal changes in spirometric measures between patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and non-RA comparators.

Methods: We analysed longitudinal data from two prospective cohorts: the UK Biobank and COPDGene. Spirometry was conducted at baseline and a second visit after 5-7 years.

Comorbidity and polypharmacy among people with HIV stratified by age, sex, and race.

With an increase in life expectancy of people with HIV, there is a corresponding rise in comorbidities and consequent increases in comedications. This study compared comorbidity and polypharmacy among people with HIV and people without HIV stratified by age, sex, and race. This retrospective study utilised administrative claims data to identify adult people with HIV with antiretroviral therapy (ART) claims and HIV diagnosis codes from 01 January 2018 to 31 December 2018.

There's an App for That: Exploring the Market for Contraceptive Fertility Tracking Apps in the Philippines.

For generations, women have relied on fertility awareness methods to plan and prevent pregnancy, for over a decade, many have been aided by digital tools to do so. New contraceptive fertility tracking apps (CFTAs)-that are backed by clinical efficacy trials to support their effectiveness as contraception-have the potential to enhance method choice and offer users a unique contraceptive option, but there is little evidence to inform the decisions around expanding access, particularly in low-and middle-income countries. We conducted a mixed methods study with quantitative online surveys (n = 1600) and qualitative interviews (n = 36) to explore the potential appeal of and demand for a hypothetical CFTA in one such market, the Philippines.

Prevalence and Characteristics of Adults with Difficult-to-Treat Rheumatoid Arthritis in a Large Patient Registry.

Objectives: An estimated 5-20% of patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) fail multiple treatments and are considered "difficult-to-treat" (D2T), posing a substantial clinical challenge for rheumatologists. A European Alliance of Associations for Rheumatology (EULAR) task force proposed a definition of D2T-RA in 2021. We applied EULAR's D2T definition in a cohort of patients with established RA to assess prevalence and we compared clinical characteristics of participants with D2T-RA with matched comparisons.

Midgut volvulus in an adult without significant intestinal obstruction: A case report.

Mid gut volvulus is a rare clinical presentation in adults though it frequently occurs in infants and children. We report a case of 30 years male (post renal transplant patient) who presented with symptoms of abdominal pain, nausea and vomiting for 3 days. After demonstration of twisting of bowel loops around mesenteric vessels on Ultrasonography (USG).

Personalizing cardiovascular risk prediction for patients with systemic lupus erythematosus.

Objective: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk is increased in SLE and underestimated by general population prediction algorithms. We aimed to develop a novel SLE-specific prediction tool, SLECRISK, to provide a more accurate estimate of CVD risk in SLE.

Methods: We studied patients in the Brigham and Women's Hospital SLE cohort.

Neuropsychiatric and Laboratory Outcomes of Hepatitis C Treatment in an Early-Treated HIV Cohort in Thailand.

Background: Hepatitis C virus (HCV) coinfection may further compromise immunological and cognitive function in people with HIV (PWH). This study compared laboratory and neuropsychiatric measures across the periods of HCV seroconversion and direct-acting antiviral (DAA) therapy with sustained virologic response (SVR) among PWH who initiated antiretroviral therapy (ART) during acute HIV infection (AHI) and acquired HCV after 24 weeks of ART.

Methods: Participants from the RV254 AHI cohort underwent paired laboratory and neuropsychiatric assessments during regular follow-up.

Analyzing the impact of bicycle geometry and cargo loading on the rideability and safety of cargo bikes: An investigative study.

Introduction: Electric cargo bikes have become popular for transporting goods and people due to their small size and strong carrying capacity. However, the way they perform, handle, and operate safely can be affected by the weight of the cargo, where it is placed on the bike, and the bike's design.

Method: This paper analyzes the rideability and safety of eight different cargo bikes representing three different design categories, Retrofitted, Long-john, and Long-tail bikes, also considering three different cargo loading locations.

Perceptions regarding the impact of gender on training and career advancement among gastroenterologists in India and other South Asian countries.

Background: There are limited studies on the impact of gender on training and career advancement in gastroenterology.

Aim: The aim was to study this impact and understand the perceptions of work-life balance and beliefs regarding gender dynamics among gastroenterologists in India and other South Asian countries.

Methods: A web-based survey was conducted among trainees and attending physicians in South Asia from November 15, 2021, to March 30, 2022.