Sphenoid Sinus Cholesteatoma-Complications and Skull Base Osteomyelitis: Case Report and Review of Literature.

Introduction: Cholesteatoma of the paranasal sinuses is uncommon. Its clinical characteristics are an expanding growth of the affected paranasal sinuses consisting of keratinizing squamous epithelium with bony wall destruction. Among involved paranasal sinuses, sphenoid sinus cholesteatoma is the least common.

The orbital floor is a surgical landmark for the Asian anterior skull base.

Background: Surgical landmarks for defining the level of the skull base during endoscopic sinus and skull base surgery (ESBS), e.g., the middle turbinate, may be distorted by tumor or previous surgery.

Orthostatic headache from spontaneous spinal cerebrospinal fluid leakage; diagnosed by heavily T2-weighted magnetic resonance myelography.

Orthostatic headache is derived from low cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) pressure as evidenced by cranial magnetic resonance myelography (MRM). This reports three cases of patients coming with orthostatic headache without previous obvious spine trauma. The first two cases had headache with radiating neck pain while the third case had headache with radiating pain to the eye sockets or occasional nausea.

Does nasal irrigation enter paranasal sinuses in chronic rhinosinusitis?

Background: Nasal irrigation is widely used in treating sinonasal diseases. Not only does it remove static secretions and promote mucociliary clearance, but, in chronic rhinosinusitis, nasal flush is also a potential route for topical drug administration into paranasal sinuses. A clinical study was conducted to investigate how well nasal irrigation could reach paranasal sinuses with the ostiomeatal units blocked in chronic rhinosinusitis.

Heterozygous nonsense mutation SATB2 associated with cleft palate, osteoporosis, and cognitive defects.

Studies of human chromosomal aberrations and knockout (KO) mice have suggested SATB2 as a candidate gene for a human malformation syndrome of craniofacial patterning and brain development. Of 59 unrelated patients with craniofacial dysmorphism, with or without mental retardation, one 36-year-old man had a nonsynonymous mutation in SATB2. The affected individual exhibited craniofacial dysmorphisms including cleft palate, generalized osteoporosis, profound mental retardation, epilepsy and a jovial personality.

Radiographic manifestations of pulmonary cryptococcosis.

Pulmonary cryptococcosis may occur in both immunocompromised and immunocompetent hosts. The purpose of the present study was to review the radiologic findings of pulmonary cryptococcosis in King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital. The radiographs and computed tomography of the chests of the patients who had a diagnosis of pulmonary cryptococcosis, between 1998-2001, were retrospectively reviewed.

MR imaging of CNS leiomyosarcoma in AIDS patients.

Leiomyosarcomas of the central nervous system are extremely rare; however they are becoming more prevalent in immunocompromised patients. The authors present MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging) of six cases of pathological proved leiomyosarcomas of the central nervous system in patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus. MR images of 4 cases of intraspinal leiomyosarcoma showed lobulated masses expanding multilevel of neural foramina with extradural and intradural extension, giving dumbbell appearance which mimic neurofibroma.