[Oral ciprofloxacin therapy in juvenile patients with cystic fibrosis--results of a prospective pilot study].

Efficacy and safety of oral ciprofloxacin were studied in a prospective study at three cystic fibrosis centres, covering 24 in-patients suffering from cystic fibrosis and acute bronchopulmonary exacerbation. The patients were between 10 and 17 years of age. Pseudomonas infection was present in 75% of these patients.

[Rapid photometric method for determination of in vitro effectiveness of various antibiotic combinations].

Combinations of antimicrobial agents are often used in medical practice. The combination therapy aims a broader spectrum of chemotherapy and/or synergistic effects. The effect of combination of chemotherapeutics on bacteria may be described as synergistic, indifferent or antagonistic.

[Computer-assisted evaluation and analysis of bacteriologic findings].

A computer-aided information system was developed for registration and analysis of microbiological findings. The base of the system is a microcomputer with a 16-bit-processor and a hard disc ensuring the analysis of a great number of material. Besides the printing of bacteriological findings for the senders detailed questions can be analysed to give informations about the distribution and frequency of bacterial species in certain specimens, about the bacterial resistance in dependence on a definite time and about the choice of combinations of chemotherapeutics as well as the existence of multiple resistances.

[Value of antibacterial therapy in chronic obstructive urinary tract infections].

On the basis of a clinical study an analysis about 86 patients with obstructing bilateral nephrolithiasis and chronic obstructive infection of the urinary tract is elaborated. In order to illustrate the change of resistance of the causative agents during a period of 10 years (1973-1982) two separated 5-year analyses are compared. It is made evident that the relations of sensitivity to seven chemotherapeutic drugs in Coli, Proteus and Pseudomonas infections have changed in favour of increasing resistances of causative agents.

[In vitro model for the study of the concentration kinetics of antibiotic combinations and their antibacterial activity].

The concentration kinetics of combinations of antibiotics similar to those taking place after i.v. administration was simulated in an in vitro model taking into account the different half-life periods of the antibiotics.

[Pharmacokinetic studies of azlocillin in pregnancy].

Examining blood level values and urinary concentrations taken from pregnant and nonpregnant women, the pharmacokinetic dates of azlocillin have been evaluated. We used a computer program based on the two-compartment model. The evaluation of azlocillin concentrations in serum and urine has been realized with the two following methods: polarography and agar diffusion test.

[Experiences using acylureido-penicillins (azlocillin, mezlocillin) in pediatrics].

The acylureidopenicillins azlocillin and mezlocillin cover a broad spectrum of bacteria, including gramnegative and grampositive species as well as anaerobes. Azlocillin is especially active against P. aeruginosa.

[Drug induced nephropathy and enzymes of renal origin in the urine].

A report is given on the excretion of the renal enzymes alaninaminopeptidasis (AAP), N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidasis (NAG), beta-glucoronidasis (GBC) and alpha-galactosidasis (GAC) in urine after administration of Gentamycin, Cephalotin, Dextran, Carbencillin or combinations of these medicaments. Moreover the effective level of Gentamycin in the urine was measured after isolated administration of Gentamycin. A rhythmic excretion of ciliated-border and lysomal enzymes was observed.

[Mezlocillin in neonatal medicine].

The acylureido penicillin mezlocillin was tested clinically and pharmacologically in neonates and young infants who received the antibiotic for prophylactic and therapeutic reasons. On the basis of blood level determinations following the administration of various dosages, we consider a dose of 200 mg/kg per day necessary for premature babies and 300-400 mg/kg per day for full-term babies. Pharmacokinetic data showed age-dependent features.

[Pharmakokinetic and clinical studies with azlocillin in paediatrics (author's transl)].

Azlocillin, an acylureido penicillin with bactericidal activity, is particularly effective against Pseudomonas, enterococci and Haemophilus influenzae. It is also very active against E. coli, various Proteus species and Bacteroides.

Amoxicillin in paediatrics, with special reference to its excretion into bronchial secretion.

Pharmacokinetic examinations with amoxicillin in neonates and prematures are reported. Good values of up to 5 mcg/ml after 24 hours were achieved with two doses of 50 mg/kg amoxicillin daily. Amoxicillin was also found in the meconium, although quantities varied greatly.

Pharmacokinetics of azlocillin in neonates.

The pharmacokinetics of the acylureido-penicillin, azlocillin, were studied after intravenous or intramuscular injections in 53 premature and full-term infants with infections. Effective concentrations wer" achieved in premature babies after doses of 50 mg/kg every 12 h and in full-term infants with 100 mg/kg every 12 h. No untoward effects of azlocillin were observed.

[On the excretion of azlocillin with bronchial secretion in children (author's transl)].

This pharmacokinetic study involved school children who were treated with 6-[(R)-2-(2-oxo-imidazolidine-1-carboxamido)-2-phenyl-acetamido]-penicillanic acid sodium walt (azlocillin, Securopen) at doses of 50 mg/kg bodyweight or 75 mg/kg body weight i.v. Kinetics of the first order were found for the concentrations measured at the same time, being proportionate to the administered dose, while there was no dose dependence for the relative distribution volume.

[Pediatric pharmacology of azlocilin (author's transl)].

Pharmacokinetic investigations of acylureido-penicillins azlocillin in newborns, infants and school shildren showed age dependend results. The differences were especially evident in a prolongation of the serum half-life to 2,56 hours in newborns compared to 0.94 hours in school children.

[Experience with sisomicin in pediatrics (author's transl)].

Sisomicin, an aminoglycoside antibiotic, is especially effective against Escherichia coli, Klebsiella, Enterobacter, Citrobacter, Serratia, indole-positive and indole-negative Proteus species, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Salmonella and Staphylococcus aureus. It has a bactericidal action. Although sisomicin is similar to the other aminoglycoside antibiotics, there is not complete cross-resistance to them.

[Pharmacokinetic investigations on sisomicin in children (author's transl)].

Sisomicin is an aminoglycoside effective against gramnegative germs. The sensitiveness of coli, proteus, pseudomonas and klebsiella ranges from 0,1 to 0,4 mcg/ml. Germs with inhibition-values of up to 1 mcg/ml are certainly Sisomicin-sensitive.

Experience with amoxycillin in neonates and premature babies.

Amoxycillin, a semi-synthetic penicillin, resembles ampicillin in many respects. There is cross-resistance between the two antibiotics. Numerous Gram-positive and Gram-negative organisms are sensitive to amoxycillin at relatively low dosage.

[Amoxicillin and its excretion into bronchial secretion (author's transl)].

Various dates on amoxicillin (resorption, distribution, elimination, tissue passage, urinary excretion) are presented. The bacterial spectrum is more fully discussed. Amoxicillin is compared with ampicillin.

[Clinical and pharmacokinetic researches of doxycyclin vibravenös in childhood (author's transl)].

Doxycyclin is one of the first efficacious depot antibiotics. It is used in two applications as Vibramycin (R) (peroral and Vibravenös (R) (parenteral). Doxycyclin has a favourable effect not only on different gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria but also on a lot of other germs as mycoplasms, rickettsias, protozoons and large viruses.

[Intravenous administration of doxycycline vibravenös in childhood--clinical and pharmacokinetic problems].

The paper describes special advantages of doxycycline, especially also in comparison with other tetracyclines, the possbile side-effects of the preparation, and the various ways of application-under special consideration of the pathogenetic spectrum. Pharmacokinetic examination were carried out in eight permature babies, nine new-born, eight normal babies, and in two groups of school children, comprising 7 and 8 test persons each. During these examinations, the serum levels after 1, 6, 10, and 24 hours were evaluated.