In Vivo Bacteriophages' Application for the Prevention and Therapy of Aquaculture Animals-Chosen Aspects.

To meet the nutritional requirements of our growing population, animal production must double by 2050, and due to the exhaustion of environmental capacity, any growth will have to come from aquaculture. Aquaculture is currently undergoing a dynamic development, but the intensification of production increases the risk of bacterial diseases. In recent years, there has been a drastic development in the resistance of pathogenic bacteria to antibiotics and chemotherapeutic agents approved for use, which has also taken place in aquaculture.

Influence of Infectious Pancreatic Necrosis Virus and Co-Infection on a Non-Specific Immune System in Rainbow Trout ().

Background: The IPNV is one of the most common viral pathogens of rainbow trout (), while infections are widespread among bacterial agents. The current study aimed to determine the influence of IPNV and co-infection on a non-specific immune response.

Methods: Two experiments were conducted.

Effect of Different Routes of Vaccination against on Rearing Indicators and Survival after an Experimental Challenge of Pikeperch () in Controlled Rearing.

Bacterial diseases are a significant problem in the controlled rearing of fish. Furunculosis ( sp.), flavobacteriosis ( sp.

Bacteriophage-based cocktail modulates selected immunological parameters and post-challenge survival of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss).

Recently, a rapid increase in the resistance of pathogenic bacteria to antibiotics and chemotherapeutics admitted for use in aquaculture has been observed. This happens especially often in intensive breeding. The use of drugs in closed circuits is problematic because it can damage biological filters.

Influence of bacteriophages cocktail on European eel (Anguilla anguilla) immunity and survival after experimental challenge.

Inland fishery belongs to those branches of animal production that use very large amounts of chemotherapeutics, in particular antibiotics. The accumulation of chemotherapeutic agents in bottom sediments is a direct threat to the aquatic environment and directly affects the condition and health of the fish. Finding a preparation that could be used both prophylactically to increase the resistance of fish and therapeutically in case of infection with pathogenic bacteria, without side effects for fish and aquatic environment could be a great solution to this problem.

Salmonid Alphavirus (SAV).

Salmonid alphavirus (SAV), genus , family , is a single-stranded RNA virus affecting Atlantic salmon () and rainbow trout (). It is known to be responsible for pancreas disease (PD) and sleeping disease (SD) which are increasing problems, causing high fish mortality and economic losses in the European aquaculture industry. Pancreas disease was first described in Atlantic salmon in Scotland in 1976 and a similar disease caused by the closely related sleeping disease virus was first described in rainbow trout in France.

Influence of nematode Anguillicoloides crassus infestation on the cellular and humoral innate immunity in European eel (Anguilla anguilla L.).

Parasitic invasions are recognized as one of the primary factors responsible for decreasing populations of European eel. The aim of the present study was to determine the influence of infestation with the nematode Anguillicoloides crassus on the innate immunity in European eel (Anguilla anguilla). Anguillicoloides crassus parasitizes the swim bladder of this fish.

Influence of β-glucan Leiber(®)Beta-S on selected innate immunity parameters of European eel (Anguilla anguilla) in an intensive farming system.

Nutritional support plays an important role in promoting high cellular and humoral innate immunity activity and in preventing outbreaks of disease. The effects of β-glucan Leiber(®)Beta-S dietary supplementation on selected nonspecific immune parameters in juvenile European eel (Anguilla anguilla) in an intensive culture system were studied. The fish were fed commercial pellets containing either 0 (control group) or 200 mg Leiber(®)Beta-S kg-1 of feed (glucan-fed group).

The innate immunity of wild Eurasian beaver from Poland - present knowledge and the need for research.

For the first time we tried to examine the basic parameters of innate immunity in beavers for developing the new methods of prevention against infectious diseases in different reintroduction and translocation programmes in Poland. The aim of the present study was to determine the selected innate immunity parameters in Eurasian beavers living in natural conditions. The analyses of the results showed that the phagocytic ability (RBA) and potential killing activity (PKA) of blood phagocytes were higher in adult beavers compared to the young animals.