Extract from , , and Improves near Visual Acuity in People with Presbyopia.

Presbyopia is a global problem with an estimated 1.3 billion patients worldwide. In the area of functional food applications, dietary supplements or herbs, there are very few reports describing the positive effects of their use.

Glaucoma classification based on scanning laser ophthalmoscopic images using a deep learning ensemble method.

This study aimed to assess the utility of optic nerve head (onh) en-face images, captured with scanning laser ophthalmoscopy (slo) during standard optical coherence tomography (oct) imaging of the posterior segment, and demonstrate the potential of deep learning (dl) ensemble method that operates in a low data regime to differentiate glaucoma patients from healthy controls. The two groups of subjects were initially categorized based on a range of clinical tests including measurements of intraocular pressure, visual fields, oct derived retinal nerve fiber layer (rnfl) thickness and dilated stereoscopic examination of onh. 227 slo images of 227 subjects (105 glaucoma patients and 122 controls) were used.

Associating the biomarkers of ocular blood flow with lamina cribrosa parameters in normotensive glaucoma suspects. Comparison to glaucoma patients and healthy controls.

Purpose: To evaluate association between ocular blood flow biomarkers and lamina cribrosa parameters in normotensive glaucoma suspects compared to glaucoma patients and healthy controls.

Methods: A total of 211 subjects (72 normotensive glaucoma suspects, 70 with primary open-angle glaucoma and 69 controls) were included. Ocular blood flow biomarkers in ophthalmic artery, central retinal artery, as well as in nasal and temporal short posterior ciliary arteries were measured using colour Doppler imaging.

Assessing Corneal Speckle in Optical Coherence Tomography: A New Look at Glaucomatous Eyes.

Significance: Optical coherence tomography speckle is used here in an unconventional way as the indirect source of information on tissue microstructure. The study reveals that the corneal speckle of glaucoma suspects has a similar relationship between the parameters of scattering exhibited in glaucoma patients.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the potential of optical coherence tomography imaging of the cornea in early diagnosis of glaucoma.

Lamina Cribrosa Depth and Shape in Glaucoma Suspects. Comparison to Glaucoma Patients and Healthy Controls.

: To evaluate the lamina cribrosa depth and shape parameters in glaucoma suspects compared to glaucoma patients and healthy controls. : A total of 325 subjects (120 with primary open-angle glaucoma, 103 glaucoma suspects and 102 healthy controls) were included. Serial horizontal B-scan images of optic nerve head were obtained using enhanced depth imaging of the optical coherence tomography.

Relationship between the rate of change in lamina cribrosa depth and the rate of retinal nerve fiber layer thinning following glaucoma surgery.

Purpose: To assess whether lamina cribrosa depth (LCD) reduction and the rate of change in LCD over time (ΔLCD/Δt) is associated with retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness and the rate of RNFL thinning over time (ΔRNFL/Δt) to test the hypothesis that, in a long term, RNFL thinning occurs irrespectively to the displacement of the lamina cribrosa following glaucoma surgery.

Methods: Twenty-nine primary open-angle glaucoma patients underwent glaucoma surgery. Sixteen patients underwent trabeculectomy and 13 patients undertook non-penetrating deep sclerectomy.

A Fully Automated 3D In-Vivo Delineation and Shape Parameterization of the Human Lamina Cribrosa in Optical Coherence Tomography.

Objective: A fully automated method for delineation of the lamina cribrosa in optical coherence tomography (OCT) is proposed. It assesses the three-dimensional (3D) shape of the lamina cribrosa in-vivo, based on a series of OCT B-scans.

Methods: The algorithm has several image processing steps and it is based on active contour detection performed along three orthogonal directions of the B-scan data cuboid.

Evaluating displacement of lamina cribrosa following glaucoma surgery.

Purpose: The purpose of the study is to assess the displacement of lamina cribrosa (LC) and prelaminar tissue area (PTA) changes following trabeculectomy and non-penetrating deep sclerectomy (NPDS) using spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) with enhanced depth imaging technology.

Methods: A total of 30 patients underwent glaucoma surgery. Sixteen patients underwent trabeculectomy, and 14 patients undertook NPDS.

Fully automated detection of lamina cribrosa in optical coherence tomography: Framework and illustrative examples.

We present an algorithm for automated detection of lamina cribrosa (LC) using optical coherence tomography scans. To the best of our knowledge, it is the first algorithm of this type, as previous attempts relied heavily on characteristic points marked a priori by a human expert and were hence semi-automated at best. First, we highlight the unwanted, yet unavoidable, influence of image rescaling necessary to provide the detection algorithm with real-world image proportions.

Influence of eye biometrics and corneal micro-structure on noncontact tonometry.

Purpose: Tonometry is widely used as the main screening tool supporting glaucoma diagnosis. Still, its accuracy could be improved if full knowledge about the variation of the corneal biomechanical properties was available. In this study, Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) speckle statistics are used to infer the organisation of the corneal micro-structure and hence, to analyse its influence on intraocular pressure (IOP) measurements.

Age-Related Changes in Ocular Blood Velocity in Suspects with Glaucomatous Optic Disc Appearance. Comparison with Healthy Subjects and Glaucoma Patients.

Purpose: To evaluate retrobulbar blood flow characteristics of glaucoma suspects with glaucomatous optic disc appearance (GODA) in comparison to healthy control group (CG) and primary open angle glaucoma patients (POAG) and assess the effect of age.

Methods: 145 patients from a single glaucoma clinic were enrolled and classified into two diagnostic groups (GODA and POAG). Third group of subjects consisted of 67 age matched individuals (CG).

Glaucomatous and age-related changes in corneal pulsation shape. The ocular dicrotism.

Purpose: To ascertain whether the incidence of ocular dicrotic pulse (ODP) increases with age, it is more pronounced in glaucomatous than in normal eyes and whether it is related to cardiovascular activity.

Methods: 261 subjects aged 47 to 78 years were included in the study and classified into four groups: primary open angle glaucoma (POAG), primary angle-closure glaucoma (PACG), glaucoma suspects with glaucomatous optic disc appearance (GODA) and the controls (CG). Additionally, in each group, subjects with ODP were divided into two age subgroups around the median age.

[Telesensoric contact lenses - new possibilities in intraocular pressure diagnostics].

Background: Recently, on the European market, the contact lenses allowing for a 24-hour continuous measurement of intraocular pressure - Triggerfish, became available. They are designed for the diagnostics of glaucoma in adult patients. This is a unique method that allows for continuous recording of intraocular pressure, giving almost 300 readings during 24 hours.

Clinical utility of spectral analysis of intraocular pressure pulse wave.

Background: To evaluate the clinical utility of spectral analysis of intraocular pressure pulse wave in healthy eyes of a control group (CG), patients having glaucomatous optic disc appearance or ocular hypertension, and patients with primary open angle glaucoma or primary angle closure glaucoma.

Methods: This is a prospective study that enrolled 296 patients from a single glaucoma clinic. Age matched CG consisted of 62 individuals.

Age-related changes in corneal pulsation: ocular dicrotism.

Purpose: To evaluate age-related changes in the shape of corneal indentation pulse (CIP) in relation to simultaneously registered blood pulsation (BPL) and electrocardiogram (ECG) signals in healthy subjects.

Methods: Seventy-seven subjects were recruited for the study, including 36 young subjects (aged 23 to 32 years) and 41 older subjects (aged 44 to 72 years) with no reported ocular and cardiovascular abnormalities and free of any systemic diseases. Corneal indentation pulse was measured with a noninvasive ultrasonic distance sensor.

Intraocular pressure in a cohort of healthy eastern European schoolchildren: variations in method and corneal thickness.

Background: Intraocular pressure (IOP) in the developing eye of a child is not always easy to measure and there is no technique that is known to be the most accurate for the young eye. Measurements are needed on many cohorts of children with different tonometers to determine how the values correlate between instruments, whether corneal parameters affect readings and whether correlations between age and IOP values can be discerned. The aim of this study was to undertake a comparative analysis of three different tonometers on a group of healthy children to see whether differences exist and whether these may be related to central corneal thickness and/or radius of curvature.

Application of optical coherence tomography in glaucoma suspect eyes.

Purpose:   The aim of the study was to compare the optical coherence tomography (OCT) parameters of the optic nerve head (ONH) and retinal nerve fibre layer (RNFL) and to identify which measurements are best able to differentiate between normal and glaucoma suspect eyes.

Methods:   The study included 27 eyes with ocular hypertension (OHT), 33 eyes with pre-perimetric glaucoma (PG), 30 perimetrically unaffected eyes of patients with glaucoma in the fellow eye (FE) and 58 eyes of age-matched normal volunteers. All subjects underwent a complete eye examination with standard automated perimetry, optic disc photography and OCT imaging.

[Intravitreal Bevacizumab injections in a child with choroidal neovascularization--case report].

A healthy 11 year old boy with active choroidal neovascularization (CNV) was referred to the Department of Ophthalmology in Wroclaw for unilateral visual deterioration from 2 weeks. The best-corrected visual acuity was counting fingers from 4 meters. Boy was successfully treated with three intravitreal injections of bevacizumab.

Long-term outcomes of prostaglandin analog versus timolol maleate in ocular hypertensive or primary open-angle glaucoma patients in Europe.

Purpose: To determine the direct costs of therapy over 5 years of a European monotherapy cohort begun on a prostaglandin (PTG) versus timolol in patients with primary open-angle glaucoma or ocular hypertension.

Methods: A retrospective, multicenter, active-controlled, observational study. Data were abstracted for European patients treated as initial monotherapy in 1996 or afterward, with 5 years of available records.

[Idiopathic choroidal neovascularization in children].

Idiopathic choroidal neovascularization (CNV) in children is a rare, but important cause of visual impairment. Purpose of this paper is to report one year clinical observation of 4 children with idiopathic choroidal neovascularization. Authors present 4 cases of CNV in boys at 6-13 years old, with unilateral visual deterioration onset.