Surveillance for Colonization, Transmission, and Infection With Methicillin-Susceptible Staphylococcus aureus in a Neonatal Intensive Care Unit.

Importance: Staphylococcus aureus is one of the leading causes of infections in neonatal intensive care units (NICUs). Most studies in this patient group focus on methicillin-resistant S aureus or the outbreak setting, whereas data for methicillin-susceptible S aureus are limited.

Objectives: To identify risk factors for S aureus colonization and infections in hospitalized newborns and to investigate S aureus transmission and its dynamics in a nonoutbreak setting.

Exam preparation course in obstetrics and gynecology for the German Medical State Examination: proof of concept and implications for the recruitment of future residents.

Objectives: Today´s written part of the medical state examination requires students to retrieve a comprehensive amount of knowledge in a limited period of time. Therefore, the main study objectives were to implement and to evaluate a two-day exam preparation course for the German Medical State Examination in obstetrics and gynecology. The project evaluation focused on acceptability, satisfaction and the gain of knowledge for the participants of such a face-to-face course.

Change of Patient-Reported Aesthetic Outcome Over Time and Identification of Factors Characterizing Poor Aesthetic Outcome After Breast-Conserving Therapy: Long-Term Results of a Prospective Cohort Study.

Background: We analyzed the change of aesthetic outcome (AO) over time and explored factors characterizing poor AO after breast-conserving surgery (BCS).

Methods: This prospective single-center cohort study included 849 patients preoperatively planned for BCS between September 2007 and December 2011. Long-term follow-up was made once in 2013.

Long-term objective esthetic outcome after breast-conserving therapy.

The prediction of unfavorable long-term esthetic outcome (AO) is important for patient consultation. We aimed to analyze variables characterizing the improvement and impairment of AO over time after breast-conserving surgery. A subgroup of a prospective, monocenter cohort study was analyzed to evaluate the results of the BCCT.

Diarrhoea prevalence in children under five years of age in rural Burundi: an assessment of social and behavioural factors at the household level.

Background: Diarrhoea is the second leading cause of child mortality worldwide. Low- and middle-income countries are particularly burdened with this both preventable and treatable condition. Targeted interventions include the provision of safe water, the use of sanitation facilities and hygiene education, but are implemented with varying local success.

Public and private maternal health service capacity and patient flows in Southern Tanzania: using a geographic information system to link hospital and national census data.

Background: Strategies to improve maternal health in low-income countries are increasingly embracing partnership approaches between public and private stakeholders in health. In Tanzania, such partnerships are a declared policy goal. However, implementation remains challenging as unfamiliarity between partners and insufficient recognition of private health providers prevail.

Vitamin D status among preterm and full-term infants at birth.

Background: Risk factors for maternal vitamin D deficiency and preterm birth overlap, but the distribution of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) levels among preterm infants is not known. We aimed to determine the associations between 25(OH)D levels and gestational age.

Methods: We measured umbilical cord plasma levels of 25(OH)D from 471 infants born at Brigham and Women's Hospital in Boston.

The internal migration between public and faith-based health providers: a cross-sectional, retrospective and multicentre study from southern Tanzania.

Objective: To assess the magnitude, direction and underlying dynamics of internal health worker migration between public and faith-based health providers from a hospital perspective.

Methods: Two complementary tools were implemented in 10 public and six faith-based hospitals in southern Tanzania. A hospital questionnaire assessed magnitude and direction of staff migration between January 2006 and June 2009.