Randomized clinical trial of ICECaP (Individualized Coordination and Empowerment for Care Partners of Persons with Dementia): Primary mental health and burden outcomes.

We examine the efficacy of the Individualized Coordination and Empowerment for Care Partners of Persons with Dementia (ICECaP), an intervention that involves one-on-one individualized support from a dementia care coordinator for a dementia care partner, compared to an active control group. At least once monthly contact is made from a dementia care coordinator to the dementia care partner by telephone, video conferencing, email, or in-person support at clinical visits for the person with dementia. In this pilot randomized unblinded control trial of ICECaP, n = 61 (n = 90 randomized) care partners completed 12-months of the ICECaP intervention and n = 69 (n = 92 randomized) care partners received routine clinical support (controls) in an outpatient memory care clinic at an academic medical center, from which the participants were recruited.

Demographic Predictors of Elevated LDL Cholesterol in Type 1 Diabetes: A Cross-Sectional Study.

How effectively preventable cardiovascular disease risk factors such as elevated LDL cholesterol are being mitigated in a real-world U.S. type 1 diabetes population is not well understood, and the demographic factors that are independently associated with elevated LDL cholesterol in this population are not well defined.

Education Research: Has Video Killed the Interview Star?: A Survey of Current Neurology Residents on In-Person vs Virtual Residency Interviews.

Background And Objectives: The residency application process relies on interviews, which allow programs and applicants to assess one another. Historically, interviews were conducted in person at each program. With the advent of the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic, residency interviews shifted to a virtual format.

Functional testing of humoral immunity in the Prevnar 20 era.

Humoral immune disorders such as common variable immunodeficiency and specific antibody deficiency are prevalent in clinical practice and require accurate functional testing of humoral immunity for diagnosis and to guide treatment approach. Traditionally, the 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine (PPSV23) has been used to assess polysaccharide antibody responses by measuring pre- and post-vaccination pneumococcal titers. However, the recent introduction of pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCVs), such as PCV13, PCV15, and PCV20, into the childhood and adult vaccine schedules has significantly reduced the number of unique serotypes available for testing and in turn has complicated the evaluation process.

Clinical and cognitive features associated with psychosis in Parkinson's disease: a longitudinal study.

Background: Parkinson's disease psychosis (PDPsy) is associated with increased nursing home placement and mortality and is closely linked with cognitive dysfunction.

Objective: Assess the clinical and cognitive features associated with PDPsy in patients without dementia.

Methods: We prospectively recruited people with Parkinson's disease (PwP) without dementia for a 3-year, longitudinal study at an outpatient movement disorders clinic.

Education Research: Burnout and Perception of Value in a Cross-Section of Neurology Residency Program Directors.

Background And Objectives: There are no dedicated studies specifically assessing burnout in neurology residency program directors (PDs). A study of residency and fellowship directors across specialties found neurology residency PDs had the highest work-related Copenhagen Burnout Inventory (CBI) score, which may reflect high-level burnout in neurology in general. Indeed, the American Academy of Neurology Burnout Task Force reported burnout in 60% of neurologists.

Psychiatric predictors of quality of life in Parkinson's disease: A three-year longitudinal study.

Introduction: Parkinson's disease (PD) is associated with worsened quality of life (QOL) over time. Few longitudinal studies exist investigating the relationship of psychiatric comorbidities with QOL in people with PD (PwP). We sought to determine specific psychiatric symptoms associated with decreasing QOL in PwP over time.

Randomized Clinical Trial of ICECaP (Individualized Coordination and Empowerment for Care Partners of Persons with Dementia): Primary Mental Health and Burden Outcomes.

Efficacy of the Individualized Coordination and Empowerment for Care Partners of Persons with Dementia (ICECaP), an intervention that involves one-on-one individualized support from a dementia care coordinator for a dementia care partner, compared to an active control group. At least once monthly contact is made from a dementia care coordinator to the dementia care partner by telephone, video conferencing, email, or in-person support at clinical visits for the person with dementia. In this pilot randomized unblinded control trial of ICECaP, n=61 (n=90 randomized) care partners completed 12-months of the ICECaP intervention and n=69 (n=92 randomized) care partners received routine clinical support (controls) in an outpatient memory care clinic at an academic medical center, from which the participants were recruited (ClinicalTrials.

The Effect of Co-Morbid Psoriasis Diagnosis on Chronic Rhinosinusitis Immunopathology.

Introduction: Psoriasis is a papulosquamous condition characterized by type 1 (T1) inflammation, while chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) concurrent with asthma is commonly a type 2 (T2) process. Since psoriasis is predictive for higher rates of CRS, our objective was to determine whether CRS with concurrent psoriasis would share its T1 pathogenic signature. In comparison to T1 CRS, a T2 process can be predicted by presence of more extensive sinus disease via Lund-MacKay score, reduced sense of smell, and greater concurrence of purulent drainage and pain/pressure.

Interrelationship of Sleep Disturbances and Cognitive Status on Mortality.

Sleep disturbances may promote the development and advancement of Alzheimer's disease. Our purpose was to determine if sleep disturbances were associated with earlier mortality while accounting for cognition. The National Alzheimer's Coordinating Center database was used to evaluate mortality risk conferred by sleep, and the Montreal Cognitive Assessment score determined cognitive status.

Trainee burnout: Are there modifiable factors?

Background: Burnout is a complex phenomenon and a major concern in graduate medical education as it directly impacts trainee well-being. Identifying modifiable lifestyle factors over which trainees have immediate control could support timely, actionable, individual and programme-level interventions to combat it.

Objective: The objective of this pilot study is to describe modifiable lifestyle factors that may limit the development of burnout in medical residents and fellows.

Patient Experience of Women With Dense Breasts Undergoing Screening Contrast-Enhanced Mammography.

Objective: We investigated patient experience with screening contrast-enhanced mammography (CEM) to determine whether a general population of women with dense breasts would accept CEM in a screening setting.

Methods: In this institutional review board-approved prospective study, patients with heterogeneous and extremely dense breasts on their mammogram were invited to undergo screening CEM and complete pre-CEM and post-CEM surveys. On the pre-CEM survey, patients were asked about their attitudes regarding supplemental screening in general.

Factors Associated With Breast Cancer Screening Behaviors Among Women With Dense Breasts.

Objective: We sought to identify patient factors associated with patient-reported screening behaviors in women with dense breasts.

Methods: An IRB-approved survey study of women with dense breasts presenting for annual screening mammography at an outpatient imaging center was previously conducted from March 2017 to February 2018. The survey included questions regarding mammographic screening frequency and recent participation in supplemental screening.

Automated Versus Traditional Scoring Agreeability During the Balance Error Scoring System.

Context: The Balance Error Scoring System (BESS) is a commonly used clinical tool to evaluate postural control that is traditionally performed through visual assessment and subjective evaluation of balance errors. The purpose of this study was to evaluate an automated computer-based scoring system using an instrumented pressure mat compared to the traditional human-based manual assessment.

Design: A descriptive cross-sectional study design was used to evaluate the performance of the automated versus human BESS scoring methodology in healthy individuals.

Individualized Coordination and Empowerment for Care Partners of Persons with Dementia (ICECaP): Study rationale and protocol.

The majority of care for >10 million older adults with dementia (PWD) in the United States depends on at least on 11 million unpaid care partners (CPs). CPs are at greater risk of adverse physical, psychological, and cognitive health outcomes relative to non-caregiving peers. The goal of this paper is to establish the rationale, design, and protocol for a pilot randomized control trial to test the efficacy of the CP-focused intervention, ICECaP: Individualized Coordination and Empowerment for Care Partners of Persons with Dementia.

An intracellular isotropic diffusion signal is positively associated with pubertal development in white matter.

Puberty is a key event in adolescent development that involves significant, hormone-driven changes to many aspects of physiology including the brain. Understanding how the brain responds during this time period is important for evaluating neuronal developments that affect mental health throughout adolescence and the adult lifespan. This study examines diffusion MRI scans from the cross-sectional ABCD Study baseline cohort, a large multi-site study containing thousands of participants, to describe the relationship between pubertal development and brain microstructure.

Lung Volume Dependence and Repeatability of Hyperpolarized Xe MRI Gas Uptake Metrics in Healthy Volunteers and Participants with COPD.

Purpose: To assess the effect of lung volume on measured values and repeatability of xenon 129 (Xe) gas uptake metrics in healthy volunteers and participants with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).

Materials And Methods: This Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act-compliant prospective study included data (March 2014-December 2015) from 49 participants (19 with COPD [mean age, 67 years ± 9 (SD)]; nine women]; 25 older healthy volunteers [mean age, 59 years ± 10; 20 women]; and five young healthy women [mean age, 23 years ± 3]). Thirty-two participants underwent repeated Xe and same-breath-hold proton MRI at residual volume plus one-third forced vital capacity (RV+FVC/3), with 29 also undergoing one examination at total lung capacity (TLC).

Procedural-Related Bleeding in Hospitalized Patients With Liver Disease (PROC-BLeeD): An International, Prospective, Multicenter Observational Study.

Background & Aims: Hospitalized patients with cirrhosis frequently undergo multiple procedures. The risk of procedural-related bleeding remains unclear, and management is not standardized. We conducted an international, prospective, multicenter study of hospitalized patients with cirrhosis undergoing nonsurgical procedures to establish the incidence of procedural-related bleeding and to identify bleeding risk factors.

Outcome in Pediatric Functional Tic Disorders Diagnosed During the COVID-19 Pandemic.

Objectives: The incidence of pediatric functional tics has surged during the COVID-19 pandemic with little known about prognosis. To address this knowledge gap, the investigators examined clinical courses of functional tics diagnosed during the pandemic and explored factors predicting prognosis.

Methods: Study personnel reviewed electronic medical records of 29 pediatric patients diagnosed as having functional tics between March 1, 2020, and December 31, 2021, and estimated Clinical Global Impression-Improvement (CGI-I) scores at follow-up encounters.

Effect of computed tomography angiography prior to bronchial embolization on radiation dose and recurrent hemoptysis.

Purpose: To investigate whether pre-procedure Computed Tomography Angiography (CTA) improves radiation exposure, procedure complexity, and symptom recurrence after bronchial embolization for massive hemoptysis.

Material And Methods: A single-center retrospective review of bronchial artery embolization (BAE) for massive hemoptysis was performed for procedures between 2008 and 2019. Multi-variate analysis was performed to determine the significance of pre-procedure CTA and etiology of hemoptysis on patient radiation exposure (reference point air kerma, RPAK) and rate of recurrent hemoptysis.

Progressive Cardiac Metabolic Defects Accompany Diastolic and Severe Systolic Dysfunction in Spontaneously Hypertensive Rat Hearts.

Background Cardiac metabolic abnormalities are present in heart failure. Few studies have followed metabolic changes accompanying diastolic and systolic heart failure in the same model. We examined metabolic changes during the development of diastolic and severe systolic dysfunction in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR).

Early Brain Amyloid Accumulation at PET in Military Instructors Exposed to Subconcussive Blast Injuries.

Background Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is the leading cause of disability in young adults. Recurrent TBI is associated with a range of neurologic sequelae, but the contributing factors behind the development of such chronic encephalopathy are poorly understood. Purpose To quantify early amyloid β deposition in the brain of otherwise healthy adult men exposed to repeated subconcussive blast injury using amyloid PET.

Effectiveness of a Novel Video Game Platform in the Treatment of Pediatric Amblyopia.

Purpose: To test the non-inferiority of a novel game platform for the treatment of pediatric amblyopia compared to standard eye patching.

Methods: Forty participants (ages 4 to 18 years) across seven optometric clinics in the United States diagnosed as having amblyopia associated with anisometropia were randomly assigned to either 12 weeks of eye patching therapy (n = 19) or Barron Vision (Barron Associates, Inc) video game treatment (n = 21). Participants in the eye patching group with best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) worse than 20/200 in their amblyopic eye were prescribed 6 hours of patching daily, whereas those whose BCVA was 20/200 (1.