Postprandial glycaemic dips predict appetite and energy intake in healthy individuals.

Understanding how to modulate appetite in humans is key to developing successful weight loss interventions. Here, we showed that postprandial glucose dips 2-3 h after a meal are a better predictor of postprandial self-reported hunger and subsequent energy intake than peak glucose at 0-2 h and glucose incremental area under the blood glucose curve at 0-2 h. We explore the links among postprandial glucose, appetite and subsequent energy intake in 1,070 participants from a UK exploratory and US validation cohort, who consumed 8,624 standardized meals followed by 71,715 ad libitum meals, using continuous glucose monitors to record postprandial glycaemia.

Publisher Correction: Human postprandial responses to food and potential for precision nutrition.

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.

Human postprandial responses to food and potential for precision nutrition.

Metabolic responses to food influence risk of cardiometabolic disease, but large-scale high-resolution studies are lacking. We recruited n = 1,002 twins and unrelated healthy adults in the United Kingdom to the PREDICT 1 study and assessed postprandial metabolic responses in a clinical setting and at home. We observed large inter-individual variability (as measured by the population coefficient of variation (s.

Motor programming within a sequence of responses.

Choice reaction time prior to a motor response has been shown to depend on the nature of the response to be made. This effect is assumed to represent variations in programming time. However, as the length of a response sequence increases this effect becomes smaller, suggesting that some response programming is postponed until after the response sequence is initiated.

Response programming in simple and choice reactions.

Changing the nature of a motor response can produce a reliable change in choice reaction time, while the corresponding effect for simple reaction time is unreliable, and disappears with appropriate instructions and practice. The reliable effect for choice reactions was attributed to a component of the reaction time in which the response is programmed. This programming can be done in advance of the simple reaction-time interval thereby eliminating this component from the measured simple reaction time, although S may not necessarily take advantage of this possibility.