Neutrophil extracellular traps protect the kidney from ascending infection and are required for a positive leukocyte dipstick test.

Lower urinary tract infection (UTI) is common but only rarely complicated by pyelonephritis. However, the mechanisms preventing extension to the kidney are unclear. Here, we identified neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) in healthy human urine that provide an antibacterial defense strategy within the urinary tract.

Assessment of biological organ age using molecular pathology in pre-transplant kidney biopsies.

Organ shortage is a major challenge in kidney transplantation but the use of older donors, often with co-morbidities, is hampered by inconsistent outcomes. Methods of accurately stratifying marginal donor organs by clinical and histological assessment are lacking. To better understand organ variability, we profiled the transcriptomes of 271 kidneys from deceased donors at retrieval.

Transplantation of Organs From DCD and DBD Donors Who Died After Ligature Asphyxiation.

Background: The United Kingdom transplant registry data demonstrated similar transplant outcomes for recipients of kidneys from donors who died following ligature asphyxiation and those who received organs from donors dying from other causes. The impact that this donor cause of death has on the outcomes of other solid organ transplant recipients remains uncertain.

Methods: The United Kingdom transplant registry analysis was undertaken to determine transplant outcomes in recipients of lungs, hearts, livers' and pancreases from donors who died following ligature asphyxiation.

Radiofrequency denervation for chronic back pain: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objectives: To assess the effectiveness of radiofrequency denervation (RD) of lumbosacral anatomical targets for the management of chronic back pain.

Design: Systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials (RCTs).

Methods: A database search (Medline, Medline in Process, Embase, CINHAL and the Cochrane library) was conducted from January 2014 to April 2019 for placebo or no-treatment controlled trials of RD for the management of chronic back pain.

Infections and associated behaviors among deceased organ donors: Informing the assessment of risk.

Background: For infectious disease risk assessment among deceased organ donors, pre-donation clinical, microbiological, and behavioral information are reviewed; however, uncertainty may arise due to false negative screening results of recently acquired infections.

Method: The burden of hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis C virus (HCV) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), and residual risks (RR) of undetected virus was estimated, with the impact of more sensitive screening.

Results: For United Kingdom potential deceased organ donors between 2010 and 2014, prevalence of HBsAg was 0.

UK registry analysis of donor substance misuse and outcomes following pancreas transplantation.

Substance abuse is unfortunately common in organ donors. Often, these organs are declined for transplant, not only because of concerns around blood-borne virus transmission but also because of perceived poor outcomes. In kidney transplantation, previous studies have demonstrated donor smoking status significantly impacts transplant outcome, but intravenous drug use or alcohol dependence does not.

Immune thrombocytopenia: improving quality of life and patient outcomes.

Immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) is an immune-mediated disorder characterized by a reduced platelet count and patients may develop bruising or mucosal bleeding. Since 2003, generic health-related quality of life (HRQoL) measures have been applied and ITP-specific measures developed, alongside trials of novel therapeutic agents. These have identified significant morbidity in patients with ITP, including fatigue, fear of bleeding and a negative impact on role, social and work activities.

Transplantation of kidneys from DCD and DBD donors who died after ligature asphyxiation: The UK experience.

There is uncertainty about whether hypoxic injury accompanying donor death from ligature asphyxiation influences renal transplant outcomes, particularly for recipients of kidneys donated after circulatory death (DCD). The UK Registry analysis was undertaken to determine transplant outcomes in recipients of kidneys from donors who died following ligature asphyxiation. From 2003 to 2016, 2.

Mid- and Long-Term Health Risks in Living Kidney Donors: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Background: Long-term health risks for adults who donate kidneys are unclear.

Purpose: To summarize evidence about mid- and long-term health risks associated with living kidney donation in adults.

Data Sources: PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and PsycINFO without language restriction from April 1964 to July 2017.

Use of Organs From Hepatitis C Virus-Positive Donors for Uninfected Recipients: A Potential Cost-Effective Approach to Save Lives?

Background: Organs from hepatitis C virus (HCV) seropositive (HCVpos) individuals are seldom used for transplantation because of the risk of disease transmission. Because transmitted HCV is now amenable to effective treatment, we estimated the potential impact of using HCVpos deceased donor organs for transplantation.

Methods: The Potential Donor Audit of patients (<80 years) dying in UK critical care units and the UK Transplant Registry was searched to identify HCVpos potential and proceeding deceased donors.

Deceased Organ Donors With a History of Increased Risk Behavior for the Transmission of Blood-Borne Viral Infection: The UK Experience.

Background: Deceased organ donors are routinely screened for behaviors that increase the risk of transmissible blood-borne viral (BBV) infection, but the impact of this information on organ donation and transplant outcome is not well documented. Our aim was to establish the impact of such behavior on organ donation and utilization, as well transplant recipient outcomes.

Methods: We identified all UK deceased organ donors from 2003 to 2015 with a disclosed history of increased risk behavior (IRB) including intravenous drug use (IVDU), imprisonment and increased risk sexual behavior.

Transplantation of organs from deceased donors with meningitis and encephalitis: a UK registry analysis.

Background: Deceased organ donors, where the cause of death is meningitis or encephalitis, are a potential concern because of the risks of transmission of a potentially fatal infection to recipients.

Methods: Using the UK Transplant Registry, a retrospective cohort analysis of deceased organ donors in the UK was undertaken to better understand the extent to which organs from deceased donors with meningitis and/or encephalitis (M/E) (of both known and unknown cause) have been used for transplantation, and to determine the associated recipient outcomes.

Results: Between 2003 and 2015, 258 deceased donors with M/E were identified and the causative agent was known in 188 (72.

Pharmacological and other interventions for head and neck cancer pain: a systematic review.

Objectives: Pain is a common complication in head and neck cancer. The aim of this paper is to evaluate the evidence from randomised control trials investigating pharmacological and non-pharmacological methods of pain management in head and neck cancer.

Material And Methods: Medline, Embase and the Cochrane library databases were searched.