Doses for X-ray and electron diffraction: New features in RADDOSE-3D including intensity decay models.

New features in the dose estimation program RADDOSE-3D are summarised. They include the facility to enter a diffraction intensity decay model which modifies the "Diffraction Weighted Dose" output from a "Fluence Weighted Dose" to a "Diffraction-Decay Weighted Dose", a description of RADDOSE-ED for use in electron diffraction experiments, where dose is historically quoted in electrons/Å rather than in gray (Gy), and finally the development of a RADDOSE-3D GUI, enabling easy access to all the options available in the program.

GPC3-Unc5 receptor complex structure and role in cell migration.

Neural migration is a critical step during brain development that requires the interactions of cell-surface guidance receptors. Cancer cells often hijack these mechanisms to disseminate. Here, we reveal crystal structures of Uncoordinated-5 receptor D (Unc5D) in complex with morphogen receptor glypican-3 (GPC3), forming an octameric glycoprotein complex.

Physiological insight into the conserved properties of Caenorhabditis elegans acid-sensing degenerin/epithelial sodium channels.

Acid-sensing ion channels (ASICs) are members of the diverse family of degenerin/epithelial sodium channels (DEG/ENaCs). They perform a wide range of physiological roles in healthy organisms, including in gut function and synaptic transmission, but also play important roles in disease, as acidosis is a hallmark of painful inflammatory and ischaemic conditions. We performed a screen for acid sensitivity on all 30 subunits of the Caenorhabditis elegans DEG/ENaC family using two-electrode voltage clamp in Xenopus oocytes.

Extracellular protein biomarkers for the characterization of enterohemorrhagic and enteroaggregative Escherichia coli strains.

The extracellular proteins (ECPs) of enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) can cause hemorrhagic colitis which may cause life threatening hemolytic-uremic syndrome, while that of enteroaggregative E. coli (EAEC) can clump to intestinal membranes. Liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry based proteomics is used to evaluate a preliminary study on the extracellular and whole cell protein extracts associated with E.

Pulsed UV-C disinfection of Escherichia coli with light-emitting diodes, emitted at various repetition rates and duty cycles.

A 2010 study exposed Staphylococcus aureus to ultraviolet (UV) radiation and thermal heating from pulsed xenon flash lamps. The results suggested that disinfection could be caused not only by photochemical changes from UV radiation, but also by photophysical stress damage caused by the disturbance from incoming pulses. The study called for more research in this area.

Iridovirus and microsporidian linked to honey bee colony decline.

Background: In 2010 Colony Collapse Disorder (CCD), again devastated honey bee colonies in the USA, indicating that the problem is neither diminishing nor has it been resolved. Many CCD investigations, using sensitive genome-based methods, have found small RNA bee viruses and the microsporidia, Nosema apis and N. ceranae in healthy and collapsing colonies alike with no single pathogen firmly linked to honey bee losses.

Mass Spectrometry and Integrated Virus Detection System Characterization of MS2 Bacteriophage.

ABSTRACT In this study, we demonstrate the effect of sample matrix composition of MS2 virus on its characterization by ESI-MS and IVDS. MS2 samples grown and purified using various techniques showed different responses on ESI-MS than that on IVDS. The LC-MS of the specific biomarker of MS2 bacteriophage from an infected Escherichia coli sample was characterized by the presence of E.

Detecting Bacteria by Direct Counting of Structural Protein Units by IVDS and Mass Spectrometry.

This report explores the direct counting of "hair-like" struc-tures specific for Gram-positive bacteria. Indications show that these structures are intact after removal from the cell and are sufficiently different from species to species of bacteria to give an indication of bacteria type if not actual identification. Their detection would represent a new approach to bacteria detection and identification.