Mountain Bike Injury Incidence and Risk Factors Among Members of a Wisconsin Mountain Bike Club.

Background: This study aimed to assess the incidence of and risk factors for mountain bike injuries among users of a local mountain bike trail system.

Methods: An email survey was sent to 1,800 member households, and 410 (23%) responded. Exact Poisson test was used to calculate rate ratios, and a generalized linear model was used for multivariate analysis.

The PhenX Toolkit: Measurement Protocols for Assessment of Social Determinants of Health.

Introduction: Social determinants are structures and conditions in the biological, physical, built, and social environments that affect health, social and physical functioning, health risk, quality of life, and health outcomes. The adoption of recommended, standard measurement protocols for social determinants of health will advance the science of minority health and health disparities research and provide standard social determinants of health protocols for inclusion in all studies with human participants.

Methods: A PhenX (consensus measures for Phenotypes and eXposures) Working Group of social determinants of health experts was convened from October 2018 to May 2020 and followed a well-established consensus process to identify and recommend social determinants of health measurement protocols.

Community Health Workers to Increase Cancer Screening: 3 Community Guide Systematic Reviews.

Introduction: Many in the U.S. are not up to date with cancer screening.

Alcohol Use During Chemotherapy: A Pilot Study.

Introduction: Alcohol use increases the risk for some cancers and can cause complications during treatment. The prevalence of alcohol use during chemotherapy has not been well documented in current literature. This pilot study aimed to examine self-reported alcohol use during chemotherapy among cancer survivors as a basis for future research and interventions.

Behaviors and attitudes of college students during an academic semester at two Wisconsin universities during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Objective: Characterize college student COVID-19 behaviors and attitudes during the early pandemic. Students on two university campuses in Wisconsin.

Methods: Surveys administered in September and November 2020.

Permanent Supportive Housing With Housing First: Findings From a Community Guide Systematic Economic Review.

Introduction: The annual economic burden of chronic homelessness in the U.S. is estimated to be as high as $3.

Internet Published Policies Regarding Liver Transplant Eligibility and Substance Use in United States Transplant Centers.

Liver transplant centers in the United States retain great autonomy in determining eligibility criteria for a liver transplant. This study aims to define the availability and content of liver transplant centers' publicly available Internet policies regarding eligibility criteria for liver transplant. Three trained undergraduate students performed a structured pilot-tested assessment of official websites of the United Network for Organ Sharing-registered liver transplant centers.

The Race to the Bottom: Wisconsin's Long-Term Trends in Health Rankings.

Background: Wisconsin's health ranking dropped from 7th healthiest in 1990 to 23rd in 2018. The purpose of this paper is to identify the contributory factors to this decline.

Methods: Trends in Wisconsin's health rank for 1990 to 2018 were compared overall and for only identical measures used in both years.

Trends in Smoking During Pregnancy in Wisconsin, 2011-2016.

Background: Smoking during pregnancy remains a significant public health concern with widespread social, economic, and health effects.

Objective: To describe the epidemiology of maternal smoking in Wisconsin over time and by county, age, race/ethnicity, education, and other characteristics.

Methods: Cigarette smoking during pregnancy in 2011-2016 was evaluated using Wisconsin Interactive Statistics on Health data.

Using a Community Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation to Prevent and Reduce Intimate Partner Violence and Sexual Violence.

Intimate partner violence (IPV) and sexual violence (SV) are preventable public health problems affecting millions in the United States. The Community Preventive Services Task Force (CPSTF), an independent panel of experts that develops evidence-based recommendations based on rigorous systematic reviews, recommends interventions that aim to prevent or reduce IPV and SV among youth aged 12-24 years. Decision makers can use these findings to select interventions appropriate for their populations, identify additional areas for research, and justify funding requests.

Obesity Prevalence and Health Consequences: Findings From the Survey of the Health of Wisconsin, 2008-2013.

Importance: Although the trends in obesity in Wisconsin overall are well described, less is known about characteristics and health consequences of different degrees of obesity. The Survey of the Health of Wisconsin is a novel population-based health examination survey that provides reliable and valid objective measurements of body mass index.

Objective: Data from the Survey of the Health of Wisconsin is used to characterize the prevalence and consequences of different levels of obesity and track trends over time.

Prevalence of Pre-pregnancy Obesity, 2011-2014.

Importance: Obesity before and during pregnancy increases risk among mothers for poor health outcomes, such as diabetes, high blood pressure, and cardiovascular disease.

Objective: To describe trends in pre-pregnancy obesity rates among women in Wisconsin.

Methods: Cross-sectional data from Wisconsin birth certificates were analyzed.

Development of an Obesity Prevention Dashboard for Wisconsin.

Importance: A comprehensive obesity surveillance system monitors obesity rates along with causes and related health policies, which are valuable for tracking and identifying problems needing intervention.

Methods: A statewide obesity dashboard was created using the County Health Rankings model. Indicators were obtained through publicly available secondary data sources and used to rank Wisconsin amongst other states on obesity rates, health factors, and policies.

The Obesity Prevention Initiative: A Statewide Effort to Improve Child Health in Wisconsin.

Background/significance: Obesity rates have increased dramatically, especially among children and disadvantaged populations. Obesity is a complex issue, creating a compelling need for prevention efforts in communities to move from single isolated programs to comprehensive multisystem interventions. To address these issues, we have established a childhood Obesity Prevention Initiative (Initiative) for Wisconsin.

The Epidemic of Despair Among White Americans: Trends in the Leading Causes of Premature Death, 1999-2015.

Objectives: To evaluate trends in premature death rates by cause of death, age, race, and urbanization level in the United States.

Methods: We calculated cause-specific death rates using the Compressed Mortality File, National Center for Health Statistics data for adults aged 25 to 64 years in 2 time periods: 1999 to 2001 and 2013 to 2015. We defined 48 subpopulations by 10-year age groups, race/ethnicity, and county urbanization level (large urban, suburban, small or medium metropolitan, and rural).

Emergency department visits and readmissions within 1 year of bariatric surgery: A statewide analysis using hospital discharge records.

Background: Data are limited regarding emergency department visits and readmission rates beyond 30 days after bariatric surgery. We analyzed emergency department visits and readmissions to all facilities in Wisconsin within 1 year of bariatric surgery and identified their predictors.

Methods: All adults who underwent a laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass or sleeve gastrectomy from 2011-2014 were identified.

Trends in the Prevalence of Severe Obesity and Bariatric Surgery Access: A State-Level Analysis from 2011 to 2014.

Background: Understanding what proportion of the eligible population is undergoing bariatric surgery at the state level provides critical insight into characterizing bariatric surgery access. We sought to describe statewide trends in severe obesity demographics and report bariatric surgery volume in Wisconsin from 2011 to 2014.

Methods: Self-reported data from the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) were used to calculate prevalence rates of severe obesity (class II and III) in Wisconsin.