Pediatric and emergency medicine resident comfort assessing and treating pediatric pain across pediatric age groups.

Assess pediatric and emergency medicine (EM) resident comfort treating and assessing pediatric pain. Pediatric and EM residents at a single institution (SIUH Northwell Health in New York) completed an anonymous survey 6 months into the academic year regarding comfort assessing and treating pediatric pain. A total of 40 (16/24 EM and 24/24 pediatric) residents completed this survey: 20% (8/24) pediatric first year residents, 40% (16/40) pediatric second year and above, 20% (8/40) EM first year and 20% (8/40) EM second year and above.

Invasive Salmonella Typhimurium ST313 with naturally attenuated flagellin elicits reduced inflammation and replicates within macrophages.

Invasive non-typhoidal Salmonella (iNTS) are an important cause of septicemia in children under the age of five years in sub-Saharan Africa. A novel genotype of Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Typhimurium (multi-locus sequence type [ST] 313) circulating in this geographic region is genetically different to from S.

Salmonella enterica serovar enteritidis core O polysaccharide conjugated to H:g,m flagellin as a candidate vaccine for protection against invasive infection with S. enteritidis.

Nontyphoidal Salmonella enterica serovars Enteritidis and Typhimurium are a common cause of gastroenteritis but also cause invasive infections and enteric fever in certain hosts (young children in sub-Saharan Africa, the elderly, and immunocompromised individuals). Salmonella O polysaccharides (OPS) and flagellar proteins are virulence factors and protective antigens. The surface polysaccharides of Salmonella are poorly immunogenic and do not confer immunologic memory, limitations overcome by covalently attaching them to carrier proteins.