Purpose: To evaluate the clinical outcomes and prognostic factors in unilateral Coats disease in the era of anti-VEGF therapy.
Design: Global, multicenter, retrospective case series.
Subjects: 656 eyes of 656 subjects with Coats disease were included in this study.
Ophthalmic Plast Reconstr Surg
November 2024
A 74-year-old man with a history of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) presented with large salmon-colored patch lesions along the inferior fornix and superotemporal conjunctiva of the OS. The patient underwent an incisional biopsy of the lesions, which showed a CLL with areas of large B-cell lymphoma, consistent with Richter transformation. Following medical and radiation-based therapy of these lesions, the patient returned 3 months later with inferomedial preseptal swelling in the contralateral eye, which biopsy proved to be recurrent/resistant low-grade CLL with a posttreatment extranodal marginal zone B-cell lymphoma pattern.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe incidence of human papilloma virus-mediated oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC) has increased over the past 40 years, particularly among young individuals with a favorable prognosis; however, current therapy often leads to unfortunate side effects, such as dysphagia. Despite the emphasis on dysphagia in previous studies, there is an important research gap in understanding the correlation between neuronal changes and patient-reported and functional outcomes in patients with OPSCC. To address this issue, we examined pathologic tissue samples from patients with OPSCC using multiplex immunofluorescence staining and machine learning to correlate tumor-associated neuronal changes with prospectively collected patient-reported and functional outcomes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNeuro-ophthalmologic diseases include a broad range of disorders affecting the afferent and efferent visual pathways. Recently, monoclonal antibody (mAb) therapies have emerged as a promising targeted approach in the management of several of these complex conditions. Here, we describe the mechanism-specific applications and advancements in neuro-ophthalmologic mAb therapies.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFOtolaryngol Head Neck Surg
July 2024
Objective: Assess the safety of ambulatory surgery performed for obstructive sleep apnea.
Study Design: Retrospective chart review.
Setting: Tertiary care hospital.
Objective: To assess data on rabies postexposure prophylaxis (PEP) in domestic animals following Texas' protocol and to describe preexposure and postexposure vaccination failures from 2010 through 2019.
Animals: 1,218 unvaccinated animals that received PEP, 925 unvaccinated animals that were euthanatized instead of receiving PEP, and 3 preexposure vaccinated dogs that developed rabies.
Methods: Zoonotic incident reports from 2010 through 2019 were reviewed for information regarding animals with no known rabies vaccination that received PEP or were euthanatized in accordance with state protocol after exposure to a laboratory-confirmed rabid animal; reports were also reviewed for any preexposure and postexposure vaccination failures.
The renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) plays a well-characterized role regulating blood pressure in mammals. Pharmacological and genetic manipulation of the RAAS has been shown to extend lifespan in Caenorhabditis elegans, Drosophila and rodents, but its mechanism is not well defined. Here, we investigate the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor drug captopril, which extends lifespan in worms and mice.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFUnlabelled: The renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) plays a well-characterized role regulating blood pressure in mammals. Pharmacological and genetic manipulation of the RAAS has been shown to extend lifespan in , , and rodents, but its mechanism is not well defined. Here we investigate the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor drug captopril, which extends lifespan in worms and mice.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFLymphocytic hypophysitis (LH) is a primary inflammatory disorder of the pituitary gland and infundibulum that commonly manifests in both mass effect and endocrinologic symptoms. Although the exact pathophysiology remains unclear, it has been increasingly linked to an autoimmune process. Complications arise by two separate mechanisms.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInfratemporal fossa (ITF) tumors are difficult to access surgically due to anatomical constraints. Moreover, aggressive ITF carcinomas and sarcomas necessitate aggressive treatment strategies that, along with tumor-related symptoms, contribute to decreases in patient performance status. To assess factors that predict postoperative performance in patients undergoing surgery for ITF tumors.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNeural circuit plasticity and sensory response dynamics depend on forming new synaptic connections. Despite recent advances toward understanding the consequences of circuit plasticity, the mechanisms driving circuit plasticity are unknown. Adult-born neurons within the olfactory bulb have proven to be a powerful model for studying circuit plasticity, providing a broad and accessible avenue into neuron development, migration, and circuit integration.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjective: Specific guidelines regarding an optimal general anesthesia (GA) approach to obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) patients remain undefined. Literature comparing the efficacy of total intravenous anesthesia (TIVA) and inhalational anesthesia in this population is sparse. We hypothesize that OSA patients receiving TIVA will experience reduced recovery times and other improved post-surgical outcomes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: The management of sub-totally resected sporadic vestibular schwannoma (VS) may include observation, re-resection or irradiation. Identifying the optimal choice can be difficult due to the disease's variable progression rate. We aimed to define an immune signature and associated transcriptomic fingerprint characteristic of rapidly-progressing VS to elucidate the underpinnings of rapidly progressing VS and identify a prognostic model for determining rate of progression.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIntroduction: To determine if there is a recovery time difference between patients with and without obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) when using total intravenous anesthesia (TIVA) compared to volatile gas inhalational anesthesia.
Patients And Methods: OSA and Non-OSA patients were identified at a tertiary institution between January 2019 and November 2020. Non-OSA patients were defined as those who have not been formerly diagnosed with OSA.
Neural circuits and the cells that comprise them represent the functional units of the brain. Circuits relay and process sensory information, maintain homeostasis, drive behaviors, and facilitate cognitive functions such as learning and memory. Creating a functionally-precise map of the mammalian brain requires anatomically tracing neural circuits, monitoring their activity patterns, and manipulating their activity to infer function.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjectives: To compare cost and time spent in surgical and postoperative courses in patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) undergoing surgery with either total intravenous anesthesia (TIVA) or inhalational anesthesia.
Study Design: Retrospective chart review.
Methods: Retrospective review on patients undergoing surgery for OSA under general anesthesia from January 2019 to October 2020.
Background: The functional understanding of genetic interaction networks and cellular mechanisms governing health and disease requires the dissection, and multifaceted study, of discrete cell subtypes in developing and adult animal models. Recombinase-driven expression of transgenic effector alleles represents a significant and powerful approach to delineate cell populations for functional, molecular, and anatomical studies. In addition to single recombinase systems, the expression of two recombinases in distinct, but partially overlapping, populations allows for more defined target expression.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBrain activity, the electrochemical signals passed between neurons, is determined by the connectivity patterns of neuronal networks, and from the morphology of processes and substructures within these neurons. As such, much of what is known about brain function has arisen alongside developments in imaging technologies that allow further insight into how neurons are organized and connected in the brain. Improvements in tissue clearing have allowed for high-resolution imaging of thick brain slices, facilitating morphological reconstruction and analyses of neuronal substructures, such as dendritic arbors and spines.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFOlfactory impairment is a common clinical motif across neurodevelopmental disorders, suggesting olfactory circuits are particularly vulnerable to disease processes and can provide insight into underlying disease mechanisms. The mouse olfactory bulb is an ideal model system to study mechanisms of neurodevelopmental disease due to its anatomical accessibility, behavioral relevance, ease of measuring circuit input and output, and the feature of adult neurogenesis. Despite the clinical relevance and experimental benefits, olfactory testing across animal models of neurodevelopmental disease has been inconsistent and non-standardized.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFExtracell Vesicles Circ Nucl Acids
December 2020
Solid tumors are complex collections of cells surrounded by benign tissues that influence and are influenced by the tumor. These surrounding cells include vasculature, immune cells, neurons, and other cell types, and are collectively known as the tumor microenvironment. Tumors manipulate their microenvironment for the benefit of the tumor.
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