Reply to Response to Vacuous standards - Subversion of the OSAC standards-development process.

This Letter to the Editor is a reply to Mohammed et al. (2021) https://doi.org/10.

Vacuous standards - Subversion of the OSAC standards-development process.

In the context of development of standards for forensic science, particularly standards initially developed by the U.S. Organization of Scientific Area Committees for Forensic Science (OSAC), this perspective paper raises concern about the publication of vacuous standards.

Experimental investigation of the mechanical properties of brain simulants used for cranial gunshot simulation.

The mechanical properties of the human brain at high strain rate were investigated to analyse the mechanisms that cause backspatter when a cranial gunshot wound occurs. Different concentrations of gelatine and a new material (M1) developed in this work were tested and compared to bovine brain samples. Kinetic energy absorption and expansion rate of the samples caused by the impact of a bullet from .