Development, Feasibility, and Preliminary Effects of a Hybrid-Mode Multicomponent Music Intervention for Women Undergoing Mastectomy.

Background: Music listening interventions have been used to manage preoperative anxiety and postoperative pain in women undergoing breast cancer (BC) using face-to-face mode and music that was relevant to the patients' culture; however, the interventions were not underpinned by any theories.

Objective: To assess the feasibility and preliminary effects of a theory-driven multicomponent music intervention on preoperative and postoperative patient outcomes in African women with BC undergoing mastectomy.

Methods: This study was a multicenter, single-blind randomized controlled trial with qualitative interview.