Training: simulating pediatric airway.

Training in the management of pediatric airway cases has been limited by the number of cases and by the involved risks to the child. Simulation is an alternative and accessible means to practice that complex psychomotor task in a safe and reproducible environment. A high-fidelity baby mannequin provides an acceptable airway anatomic resemblance combined with measurable respiratory and cardiovascular parameters, allowing practice to be interactive and challenging.

Restricting indications for sinonasal computed tomography in children with cystic fibrosis.

OBJECTIVES To evaluate whether a low rate of exposure to sinonasal computed tomographic (CT) scans can be achieved when strict criteria are applied for their use in children with cystic fibrosis (CF) and to emphasize the importance of limiting radiation exposure in the context of the current longer life expectancy in this group of patients. DESIGN Retrospective chart review. SETTING Tertiary care children's hospital.

Current use of intralesional cidofovir for recurrent respiratory papillomatosis.

Objectives/hypothesis: The authors sought to define the indications, administration, and adverse events associated with intralesional cidofovir use for recurrent respiratory papillomatosis (RRP).

Study Design: Cross-sectional study.

Methods: A 21-question online survey was distributed to 115 selected adult and pediatric laryngeal surgeons internationally.

Advantages of hyaluronic acid fat graft myringoplasty over fat graft myringoplasty.

Objectives: To compare hyaluronic acid fat graft myringoplasty (HAFGM) with fat graft myringoplasty (FGM) on grade I tympanic membrane perforations (TMPs) (<25% of the tympanic membrane surface) and to assess 12-month postoperative hearing outcomes in a pediatric population.

Design: Prospective study.

Setting: Tertiary care pediatric center.

One-stage vs. two-stage BAHA implantation in a pediatric population.

Objectives: BAHA implantation surgery in a pediatric population is usually done in two-stage surgeries. This study aims to evaluate the safety and possible superiority of the one-stage over the two-stage BAHA implantation and which one would be the best standard of care for our pediatric patients.

Methods: A retrospective chart review of 55 patients operated in our tertiary care institutions between 2005 and 2010 was conducted.

Advantages of subannular tube vs repetitive transtympanic tube technique.

Objectives: To compare the efficiency of the subannular T-tube (SAT) vs that of the repetitive transtympanic Duravent tube (TTT) in children with recurrent or chronic otitis media (OM) with effusion or tympanic membrane retraction and to establish which population would be more likely to benefit from TTTs vs SATs.

Design: Medical record review.

Setting: Tertiary care pediatric center.

Hyaluronic acid fat graft myringoplasty: an office-based technique adapted to children.

Objectives: To evaluate hyaluronic acid fat graft myringoplasty (HAFGM) for different tympanic membrane perforation (TMP) sizes and to compare its success rate with that of the underlay and overlay techniques.

Design: Prospective study.

Setting: Tertiary care pediatric center.

Questioning the legitimacy of rigid bronchoscopy as a tool for establishing the diagnosis of a bronchial foreign body.

Objectives: Rigid bronchoscopy (RB) is the principal method used for the extraction of a tracheo-bronchial foreign body (FB), but its use as a diagnostic tool implies a certain rate of negative exams, exposing the child to the risk of procedure and anesthesia-related complications. Technological progress has improved the accuracy and availability of non-invasive modalities, such as CT scan and fluoroscopy. Our aim is to review our experience in the routine use of bronchoscopy for a suspected FB aspiration, and evaluate the adequacy of our current attitude in light of these alternatives.

Propranolol as first-line treatment of head and neck hemangiomas.

Objectives: To report the efficacy of propranolol as first-line treatment of head and neck hemangiomas in children and to present an optimized protocol for treating hemangiomas.

Design: Multi-institutional retrospective study.

Setting: Two tertiary care referral pediatric centers.

Fusion of MRIs and CT scans for surgical treatment of cholesteatoma of the middle ear in children.

Objective: To evaluate the efficiency of diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and high-resolution computed tomographic (CT) scan coregistration in predicting and adequately locating primary or recurrent cholesteatoma in children.

Design: Prospective study.

Setting: Tertiary care university hospital.

Propranolol in the therapeutic strategy of infantile laryngotracheal hemangioma: A preliminary retrospective study of French experience.

Objective: Preliminary assessment of the efficacy of propranolol on subglottic hemangioma in children on a nation-wide scale.

Methods: Multicentric, retrospective study of clinical files of 14 children; pre- and post-treatment endoscopies.

Results: Mean age at diagnosis was 2.

Hearing rehabilitation in congenital aural atresia using the bone-anchored hearing aid: audiological and satisfaction results.

Conclusion: The BAHA (bone-anchored hearing aid) remains the most reliable method of auditory rehabilitation for patients with congenital aural atresia and improves hearing outcome and quality of life in these patients who are otherwise unable to benefit from traditional hearing aids. New techniques are being developed, such as fully implantable hearing devices, and will have to prove their efficacy and safety in this indication.

Objective: To evaluate the audiological results and patient satisfaction after rehabilitation of congenital aural atresia using the BAHA.

Pediatric sialendoscopy: a 5-year experience at a single institution.

Objectives: To evaluate the outcome of our experience in the treatment of salivary gland disorders in children undergoing sialendoscopy and to assess the evolution of the technique.

Design: Retrospective medical record review.

Setting: Tertiary care university hospital.

Pediatric otorhinolaryngology anno 2008: towards European standards for training?

The Union Européen des Médecins Spécialistes (UEMS) has been promoting harmonization of specialist training programs in Europe. Anticipating a future contribution to a European standard for training specialists for tertiary care of children with otorhinolaryngology (ORL)-related problems this Round Table was organized by ESPO. The presentations refer to six European countries.

Prognostic factors of recurrent respiratory papillomatosis from a registry of 72 patients.

Conclusions: The database revealed severity factors relating to human papillomavirus (HPV) type and age at diagnosis. While not exhaustive, the database is easy to use and could serve for a European multicentre epidemiological study.

Objectives: To propose a database as a starting point for a national registry and to estimate prognostic factors in recurrent respiratory papillomatosis (RRP).

Juvenile recurrent parotitis: sialendoscopic approach.

Objective: To assess the relevance of sialendoscopy as a diagnostic and interventional procedure in juvenile recurrent parotitis (JRP).

Design: Prospective case series study.

Setting: Tertiary care teaching hospital.

Paediatric sialendoscopy.

Purpose Of Review: Sialendoscopy is finding increasing application in the management of salivary-gland swellings as it provides a diagnostic method for the main salivary ducts coupled with a therapeutic tool. Many recent studies have emphasized the diagnostic and therapeutic advantages of this noninvasive technique. This review discusses both of these aspects of sialendoscopy and their development in the management of salivary-gland diseases.

Thulium laser in airway diseases in children.

Purpose Of Review: To specify the characteristics of the thulium laser and to evaluate the advantages and possibilities of treatment with this laser in laryngotracheal diseases in children.

Recent Findings: Fiber-based lasers have facilitated a new style of surgery. When performing therapeutic airways endoscopies there is the possibility of good control of lesions and adequate visualization of the surgical field using the telescope.

Pediatric salivary gland obstructive swelling: sialendoscopic approach.

Objective: To assess the efficacy of sialendoscopy as a diagnostic and interventional procedure for salivary ductal pathologies of children.

Design: Prospective case series study.

Setting: Tertiary care teaching hospitals.

Intermediate-term and long-term results after treatment by cidofovir and excision in juvenile laryngeal papillomatosis.

Objectives: We assessed the intermediate-term and long-term efficacy of intralesional injection of cidofovir used with surgical excision in juvenile-onset recurrent respiratory papillomatosis.

Methods: The protocol was revised during the study, from endoscopy at 4-week intervals with intralesional injection of cidofovir at 5 mg/mL, to a 2-week interval and a 7.5-mg/mL dosage.

Management of postcricoid and upper esophageal hemangioma.

To discuss management of postcricoid and upper esophageal hemangiomas in infants. Four children presenting with progressive feeding and/or respiratory disturbance underwent endoscopy including systematic esophagoscopy revealing the hemangioma of the postcricoid area and extending to the lumen of the upper esophagus. In the three children with severe disturbance, systemic steroids were insufficient and open surgical excision brought the hemangioma under control.