What interventions add value in lateral compression type 1 fragility pelvis fractures? A retrospective cohort study.

Introduction: Fragility fractures are a large source of morbidity and mortality in the elderly. Orthopaedic surgeons are regularly the main point of contact in patients with lateral compression type 1 pelvis fractures, despite many of these being treated non-operatively. This study aims to identify risk factors for mortality and elucidate which follow-up visits have the potential to improve care for these patients.

Primitive Neuroectodermal Tumor Presenting With a Large Subcapsular Hematoma in Pregnancy: A Case Report and Current Literature Review.

Primitive neuroectodermal tumors (PNET) are rare, small round cell tumors that are difficult to diagnose. It is important to identify PNET early, utilizing immunohistochemistry and genetic markers, as it is often an aggressive cancer. PNET is most commonly described in men between the ages of 20 and 40, with very few case reports highlighting the development in pregnant patients.

Perceptions of social media utilization among orthopaedic foot and ankle surgeons.

Background: The growing social media presence in healthcare has provided physicians with new ways to engage with patients. However, foot and ankle orthopaedic surgeons have been found to underuse social media platforms despite their known benefits for patients and surgeons. Thus, this study sought to investigate the reasons for this phenomenon and to identify potential barriers to social media utilization in clinical practice.

Prostatic Arterial Embolization for Treatment of Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms Associated with Benign Prostatic Enlargement.

Purpose Of Review: Prostatic artery embolization (PAE) is an emerging minimally invasive technique for lower urinary tract symptom reduction from benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH). While the technique is becoming increasingly popular with patients and interventional radiologists, most urologists remain skeptical of the PAE's long-term efficacy and comparative success to the gold standard transurethral resection of the prostate.

Recent Findings: PAE has been found in multiple meta-analyses to perform similarly to the gold standard transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) with regard to patient-driven measures like IPSS and IPSS-QoL, while also performing favorably in objective measurements including Qmax and PVR out to at least 12 months post intervention.

Can Lateral X-Rays Reliably Determine Which Posterior Malleolus Ankle Fractures Need a CT?

Background: For rotational ankle fractures with a posterior malleolus fracture (PMF), the decision to further evaluate the ankle injury with computed tomography (CT) is challenging. The objective of this study is to determine how well PMF fracture size on x-rays correlates with size on CT, and how well x-rays can predict which patients receive PMF fixation after CT review.

Methods: This is a retrospective study of adult ankle fractures with PMFs that had preoperative radiographs and CT imaging over a 5-year period.

Morbidity and mortality of fragility proximal humerus fractures: a retrospective cohort study of patients presenting to a level one trauma center.

Purpose: Fragility fractures are a significant source of morbidity and have high associated mortality. Identifying risk factors for poor outcomes is essential for guiding treatment and for setting expectations for patients and their families. Although fragility hip fractures have been abundantly explored, there is a paucity of information regarding proximal humerus fractures (PHFs).

Patterns of concomitant injury in thoracic spine fractures.

Background: Thoracic spine fractures (TSFs) are rarely isolated injuries, and they tend to present with a characteristic set of vertebral and non-vertebral injuries based on mechanism of injury. There is limited research on the rates and distribution of injuries that occur concurrently with TSFs. The purpose of this study is to characterize the distributions of these injuries by region of the body and by mechanisms of injury, so that trauma and spine surgeons can efficiently evaluate and treat patients presenting with TSFs.

Nonoperative Treatment of Select Lateral Compression Type II Pelvic Ring Injuries (OTA/AO 61B2.2) Results in a Low Rate of Radiographic Displacement.

Objectives: To quantify radiographic outcomes and to identify predictors of late displacement in the nonoperative treatment of lateral compression type II (LC-2) pelvic ring injuries.

Design: Retrospective review.

Setting: Two Level 1 trauma centers.

Does the ACS NSQIP Surgical Risk Calculator Accurately Predict Complications Rates After Anterior Lumbar Interbody Fusion Procedures?

Study Design: Clinical case series.

Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of the American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program (ACS NSQIP) surgical risk calculator in the prediction of complications after anterior lumbar interbody fusion (ALIF).

Summary Of Background Data: Identifying at-risk patients may aid in the prevention of complications after spine procedures.

Compilation and Analysis of Web-Based Orthopedic Personalized Predictive Tools: A Scoping Review.

Web-based personalized predictive tools in orthopedic surgery are becoming more widely available. Despite rising numbers of these tools, many orthopedic surgeons may not know what tools are available, how these tools were developed, and how they can be utilized. The aim of this scoping review is to compile and synthesize the profile of existing web-based orthopedic tools.

Broadening the differential: A case of penile pyoderma gangrenosum.

Pyoderma gangrenosum can be a challenging diagnosis for even the most experienced clinician. Misdiagnosis can lead to delays in appropriate treatment and unwarranted debridement that can increase the severity of the disease. Penile pyoderma gangrenosum (PG) is a rare presentation of this pathologic process.

Giant cell tumor formation due to metallosis after open latarjet and partial shoulder resurfacing.

Shoulder metallosis with giant cell tumor formation is rarely seen in shoulder surgery. With an increase in shoulder arthroplasty and complex revision shoulder surgeries, clinicians should have an index of suspicion for possible metallosis in patients that presents with unexplained persistent pain with metal components on both the glenoid and humeral side. This case describes a 43-yearold female with a history of six prior shoulder surgeries who presented with shoulder metallosis and giant cell tumor formation after a screw from her open Latarjet procedure began rubbing against her Hemicap implant.

High-Fidelity Simulation Scenario: Pediatric Sulfonylurea Overdose and Treatment.

Introduction: Oral antidiabetic medications are becoming increasingly popular as the incidence of type II diabetes mellitus increases. Overdoses of these medications, either intentional or accidental, can be detrimental if not quickly recognized and treated. One of the most common classes of hypoglycemic oral antidiabetics, sulfonylureas, was discussed in this case.

Comparison of the Effects of Intravenous and Oral Tranexamic Acid on Perioperative Hemoglobin Levels During Total Knee Arthroplasty.

Tranexamic acid (TXA) is an antifibrinolytic agent shown to reduce perioperative blood loss in patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty (TKA), but there are limited data regarding the efficacy of intravenous (IV) in comparison to oral (PO) TXA. The purpose of this research was to compare the effects of IV and PO TXA on perioperative hemoglobin (Hgb) levels in patients who have undergone TKA. In this single-center, retrospective chart review, patients at least 18 years of age who received IV or PO TXA following medical center protocol from 1 of 3 orthopedic surgeons were included.

Postoperative Radiographic Evaluation Following Adult Spine Deformity Correction: The Impact on Subsequent Management and Associated Risk of Radiation Exposure.

Background: During the follow-up visits after Adult Spine Deformity (ASD) surgery, obtaining surveillance radiographs is a usual practice, and this study tried to identify evidence to support or refute such practice.

Methods: This is a retrospective, diagnostic case series (Level IV) of 49 patients. We identified the abnormal radiographic findings and their association with need for revision surgery.

Camel Bites: A Case Study with a Summary of Current Epidemiology, Injury Patterns, and Treatment Modalities.

Animal bites are a major source of morbidity and mortality worldwide. In the United States, the majority of animal bites come from domestic pets, including dogs, cats, and rodents. Camel bites, on the other hand, are exceedingly rare in the United States and are poorly described in the western medical literature.

Penicillin skin testing in hospitalized patients with β-lactam allergies: Effect on antibiotic selection and cost.

Background: A history of a penicillin allergy generally leads to the use of broad-spectrum antibiotics that may increase complications and cost.

Objective: To determine the cost-effectiveness of performing penicillin skin testing (PST).

Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on adult inpatients with a β-lactam allergy who underwent PST and oral challenge performed by an allergist.

Human Bacterial Artificial Chromosome (BAC) Transgenesis Fully Rescues Noradrenergic Function in Dopamine β-Hydroxylase Knockout Mice.

Dopamine β-hydroxylase (DBH) converts dopamine (DA) to norepinephrine (NE) in noradrenergic/adrenergic cells. DBH deficiency prevents NE production and causes sympathetic failure, hypotension and ptosis in humans and mice; DBH knockout (Dbh -/-) mice reveal other NE deficiency phenotypes including embryonic lethality, delayed growth, and behavioral defects. Furthermore, a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in the human DBH gene promoter (-970C>T; rs1611115) is associated with variation in serum DBH activity and with several neurological- and neuropsychiatric-related disorders, although its impact on DBH expression is controversial.

Therapeutic rationale of combining therapy with gemfibrozil and simvastatin.

Objectives: To examine specific indications for patients receiving therapy with gemfibrozil plus simvastatin at doses of more than 10 mg daily and determine whether these patient-specific indications met Adult Treatment Panel (ATP) III criteria for combination therapy; and secondarily to identify any complications occurring between August 30, 2002, and May 1, 2003.

Design: Retrospective cohort study.

Setting: Tertiary care, university-affiliated, Southern Arizona Veterans Affairs Healthcare System from August 30, 2002, to May 1, 2003.