Higher bodily adiposity, fat intake, and cholesterol serum levels are associated with higher disease activity in psoriatic arthritis patients: is there a link among fat and skin and joint involvement?

Introduction/ Objectives: Assuming that there is a link between lipid and glucose metabolism and inflammation in patients with psoriatic arthritis (PsA), our aim was to evaluate the relationships among body composition measurements, food intake, and disease activity in patients with PsA.

Methods: A total of 97 patients with PsA, according to the CASPAR criteria, were included in this cross-sectional study. Body composition measurements (whole-body DXA, GE-Lunar), food intake (3-day registry) and biochemical and inflammatory serum markers were evaluated.

Lack of association between dietary inflammatory index and low impact fractures in the Brazilian population: the Brazilian Osteoporosis Study (BRAZOS).

Introduction: Adequate nutrition, including intake of dietary calcium and vitamin D, is important to maintain bone health. Evidence suggests that a deficiency in micronutrients may contribute to bone loss during aging and exert generalized effects on chronic inflammation. Recently, the Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII) was developed to assess the inflammatory potential of individual diets.

Secondary hyperparathyroidism and its relationship with sarcopenia in elderly women.

Low dietary intake of calcium and poor vitamin D status during aging can result in mild secondary hyperparathyroidism, which may be associated with low muscle mass and reduced strength in the elderly. The aim of this study was to investigate whether low vitamin D, high parathormone (PTH), or both, are associated with sarcopenia. A total of 105 women, 35 with sarcopenia and 70 without sarcopenia, were enrolled in the present study.

Dietary protein intake in elderly women: association with muscle and bone mass.

Background: An inadequate food intake, mainly with regard to protein intake, seems to contribute to a reduction of skeletal muscle and bone mass in the elderly. This study was undertaken to evaluate differences in protein intake in women with or without sarcopenia and verify the intake level that is related to a better bone and muscle mass.

Methods: Elderly women older than 65 years with sarcopenia (n = 35) and without sarcopenia (n = 165) participated in the study.

Antioxidant intake among Brazilian adults--the Brazilian Osteoporosis Study (BRAZOS): a cross-sectional study.

Background: Antioxidant nutrient intake and the lesser formation of free radicals seem to contribute to chronic diseases. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the intake profile of the main dietary antioxidants in a representative sample of the adult Brazilian population and discuss the main consequences of a low intake of these micronutrients on overall health.

Methods: The sample comprised 2344 individuals aged 40 years or older from 150 cities and was based on a probabilistic sample from official data.

Effect of protein intake on bone and muscle mass in the elderly.

The aging process is frequently characterized by an involuntary loss of muscle (sarcopenia) and bone (osteoporosis) mass. Both chronic diseases are associated with decreased metabolic rate, increased risk of falls/fracture, and, as a result, increased morbidity and loss of independence in the elderly. The quality and quantity of protein intake affects bone and muscle mass in several ways and there is evidence that increased essential amino acid or protein availability can enhance muscle protein synthesis and anabolism, as well as improve bone homeostasis in older subjects.

[Effect of caloric restriction on longevity].

Calorie restriction (CR) is the most evaluated nutritional intervention to increase lifespan in a variety of animal species, including human beings. CR has also been shown to delay the onset or reduce the incidence of many age-related diseases. The mechanism that could explain the effect of calorie intake on aging is related to the reduction of body fat and insulin signaling as well as reactive oxygen species produced during breathing.

Relationship between nutrient intake and vitamin D status in osteoporotic women.

Vitamin D is essential for maintaining calcium homeostasis and optimizing bone health. Its inadequacy is related to many factors including dietary intake. The aim of the present study was to evaluate serum 25(OH)D and its relationship with nutrient intakes in postmenopausal Brazilian women with osteoporosis.

Vitamin A supplementation and risk of skeletal fracture.

Effects of toxic amounts of vitamin A include skeletal effects; from acute toxic exposure to chronic high-dose intake of vitamin A, these effects have led experts to speculate that long-term consumption of diets high in vitamin A (retinol) stimulates bone resorption and inhibits bone formation, and may contribute to osteoporosis and hip fractures.