The pediatric heart network's study on long-term outcomes of children with HLHS and the impact of Norwood Shunt type in the single ventricle reconstruction trial cohort (SVRIII): Design and adaptations.

Background: The Single Ventricle Reconstruction (SVR) Trial was the first randomized clinical trial of a surgical approach for treatment of congenital heart disease. Infants with hypoplastic left heart syndrome (HLHS) and other single right ventricle (RV) anomalies were randomized to a modified Blalock Taussig Thomas shunt (mBTTS) or a right-ventricular-to-pulmonary-artery shunt (RVPAS) at the time of the Norwood procedure. The aim of the Long-term Outcomes of Children with HLHS and the Impact of Norwood Shunt Type (SVR III) study is to compare early adolescent outcomes including measures of cardiac function, transplant-free survival, and neurodevelopment, between those who received a mBTTS and those who received an RVPAS.

Evaluation of blood cardiac troponin I concentrations obtained with a cage-side analyzer to differentiate cats with cardiac and noncardiac causes of dyspnea.

Objective: To determine whether measurement of blood cardiac troponin I (cTnI) concentrations with a cage-side analyzer could be used to differentiate cardiac from noncardiac causes of dyspnea in cats.

Design: Prospective, multicenter study.

Animals: 44 client-owned cats with dyspnea and 37 healthy staff-owned cats.

Severe burn injury, burn shock, and smoke inhalation injury in small animals. Part 2: diagnosis, therapy, complications, and prognosis.

Objective: To review the evaluation and treatment of patients suffering from severe burn injury (SBI), burn shock, and smoke inhalation injury. Potential complications and prognosis associated with SBI are also discussed.

Diagnosis: Diagnosis of burn injury and burn shock is based on patient history and clinical presentation.

Plaque and gingivitis reduction efficacy of an advanced pulsonic toothbrush: a 4-week randomized and controlled clinical trial.

Purpose: To compare the safety and efficacy of a novel sonic power toothbrush and a manual toothbrush in the reduction of gingivitis and plaque over a 4-week period.

Methods: This study employed a randomized two treatment, examiner-blinded, parallel group design. Subjects with evidence of gingivitis were randomly assigned to 4 weeks' twice daily home use of either the Oral-B Pulsonic sonic toothbrush or an ADA reference manual toothbrush.

Clinical assessment of extrinsic stain removal efficacy with a new Pulsonic toothbrush.

Objective: To assess the extrinsic stain removal benefit of two different power toothbrushes: an experimental Oral-B Pulsonic rechargeable toothbrush and a positive control Sonicare FlexCare toothbrush.

Methods: This was a randomized, positive-controlled, examiner-blind, two-treatment, parallel group, two-week study. A Lobene stain index was performed at baseline on the facial surfaces of the anterior teeth.

The prevalence and significance of hyperglycemia in hospitalized cats.

Objective: To report the prevalence of hyperglycemia in cats admitted to a veterinary hospital and to determine if hyperglycemic cats had increased morbidity and mortality when compared with normoglycemic cats. DESIGN - Retrospective clinical study.

Setting: Community-based referral hospital.

Impact of a novel power toothbrush with SmartGuide technology on brushing pressure and thoroughness.

Aim: Toothbrushing effectiveness can be improved with at-home reinforcement of proper technique. This study evaluated the ability of a power brush with a wireless remote display (Oral-B Triumph with SmartGuide) to improve brushing force and thoroughness.

Methods And Materials: At baseline, 61 pre-screened subjects were videotaped while brushing.

Plaque removal efficacy of an advanced rotation-oscillation power toothbrush versus a new sonic toothbrush.

Purpose: To evaluate the plaque removal efficacy and safety of an advanced rotation-oscillation power toothbrush relative to a newly-introduced sonic toothbrush.

Methods: This study used a randomized, examiner-blind, two-treatment, four-period, four-sequence crossover design. Subjects received both toothbrushes (Oral-B Triumph and Sonicare FlexCare) and a standard dentifrice from the study site and used each toothbrush at home during an acclimation phase prior to their plaque measurement visits.

A clinical evaluation of extrinsic stain removal: a rotation-oscillation power toothbrush versus a dental prophylaxis.

Aim: To assess extrinsic stain removal efficacy of a power toothbrush and a dental prophylaxis followed by the use of a standardized American Dental Association (ADA) reference manual toothbrush.

Methods And Materials: This was a randomized, positive-controlled, examiner-blind, parallel group, two-week study. A Lobene stain examination was performed at baseline.

Esophagitis and esophageal strictures.

Esophagitis and esophageal strictures are relatively uncommon but significant diseases in companion animals. Often, an esophageal disorder is suspected on the animal's medical history and clinical signs. Esophagitis and acquired esophageal strictures are caused by prolonged contact of caustic substances or foreign bodies with the esophageal lining, leading to mucosal injury.

Clinical evaluation of the effects of a sonic toothbrush with ultrasound waveguide in disrupting plaque with and without bristle contact.

Purpose: To assess the in vivo plaque removal efficacy of the newly marketed sonic/ultrasonic toothbrush. Plaque removal resulting from the toothbrush being held approximately 3 mm from the tooth surface was compared versus a no brushing control. Also, plaque removal resulting from the brush being used according to the manufacturer's instructions was compared versus a control of using the brush (with power turned off) like a manual toothbrush would be used.

Pulmonary function following early thoracic fusion in non-neuromuscular scoliosis.

Background: While early spinal fusion may halt progressive deformity in young children with scoliosis, it does not facilitate lung growth and, in certain children, it can result in thoracic insufficiency syndrome. The purpose of this study was to determine pulmonary function at intermediate-term follow-up in patients with scoliosis who underwent thoracic fusion before the age of nine years.

Methods: Patients who had thoracic spine fusions before the age of nine years with a minimum five-year follow-up underwent pulmonary function testing.

Improved plaque removal efficacy with a new manual toothbrush.

Aim: To compare the safety and efficacy of two manual toothbrushes, Oral-B Exceed and Asian Colgate 360 masculine, in removing plaque.

Methods And Materials: The study used an examiner-blind, two-treatment, randomized, four-period (visits) crossover design. At the first visit, subjects received a baseline plaque examination; plaque was scored using the Rustogi et al.

Clinical evaluations of plaque removal efficacy: an advanced rotating-oscillating power toothbrush versus a sonic toothbrush.

Objective: To evaluate the safety and plaque removal efficacy of an advanced rotating-oscillating power toothbrush relative to a sonic toothbrush with either a standard or compact brush head.

Methodology: Two studies used a randomized, examiner-blind, two-treatment, crossover design. In Study 1, subjects were instructed to use their first randomly assigned toothbrush for five to seven days and then, after abstaining from all oral hygiene for 24 hours, were assessed with the Rustogi, et al.

A comparative clinical study of the plaque removal efficacy of an oscillating/rotating power toothbrush and an ultrasonic toothbrush.

Objective: To evaluate the safety and efficacy of two power toothbrushes in the removal of dental plaque following a single brushing.

Methods: The study employed a two-treatment, examiner-blind, randomized, four-period crossover design. A total of 25 generally healthy adult subjects were enrolled into the study.

A novel oscillating-rotating power toothbrush with SmartGuide: designed for enhanced performance and compliance.

Aim: The aim of this article is to provide a review of common power toothbrush technologies with a focus on the oscillating-rotating motion used in a novel toothbrush; describe features to drive compliance such as the "SmartGuide" innovation; and finally recommend steps to motivate patients to adopt a power toothbrush as part of their home care regimen.

Background: Contemporary power toothbrushes are available with various modes of actions, bristle designs, and features. Clinical research shows these factors can impact the effectiveness of a toothbrush by altering its ability to remove plaque, particularly in areas that are difficult to access.

Benefits of sodium hexametaphosphate-containing chewing gum for extrinsic stain inhibition.

Purpose: This study was designed to examine the ability of sodium hexametaphosphate delivered from a chewing gum to prevent extrinsic tooth stain formation.

Methods: This study was a negative-controlled, randomized, two-period crossover design, with a 10-day washout period between treatments. The two treatments were a chewing gum containing 5.

Comparative clinical trial of two antigingivitis mouthrinses.

Purpose: To compare the safety and the antiplaque and antigingivitis efficacy of two oral rinses.

Methods: A randomized, double-blind, parallel groups, single-center study was conducted to evaluate the safety and efficacy of a high bioavailable, alcohol-free 0.07% cetylpyridinium chloride (CPC) rinse (Crest Pro-Health Rinse) and a positive control rinse containing essential oils (EO) and 21.

Dentinal hypersensitivity: a review.

Dentinal hypersensitivity is generally reported by the patient after experiencing a sharp pain caused by one of several different stimuli. The pain response varies substantially from one person to another. The condition generally involves the facial surfaces of teeth near the cervical aspect and is very common in premolars and canines.

Short-term impact of a national dental education program on children's oral health and knowledge.

Objective: The objective of this four-week, examiner-blind study was to determine the impact of an educational oral health program conducted within a Boys and Girls Club of America in Chicago, Illinois, USA. The educational program focused on the gingival health (gingivitis and plaque) of participating children who were between the ages of six and 15.

Methodology: The multi-week program taught the participants the basics of oral biology and disease, as well as proper oral health prevention, including oral hygiene, dietary modification, and the importance of visiting the dentist.

A chewing gum containing 7.5% sodium hexametaphosphate inhibits stain deposition compared with a placebo chewing gum.

The 2-period, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover study compared the stain-prevention and stain-removal benefit of a chewing gum containing 7.5% sodium hexametaphosphate (measured by digital image analysis) with a placebo chewing gum. The results of this study support that sodium hexametaphosphate delivered from a chewing gum prevents dental stain formation and facilitates stain removal, which leads to a perceptible whitening benefit.

The prevention of induced stain using two levels of sodium hexametaphosphate in chewing gum.

Objective: This study was a randomized, controlled, examiner-blind, four-period crossover design that examined the prevention of induced stain deposition through the use of chewing gums containing either 2.0% or 3.0% sodium hexametaphosphate (Na Hex).

Initial impact of a national dental education program on the oral health and dental knowledge of children.

Oral health educational programs have been reported to have a variable impact on the oral health status of program participants. This paper reports the impact of an educational oral health program conducted within a single Boys & Girls Club of America. The objective of this 4-week examiner-blind study was to determine the impact of the educational program on the gingival health (gingivitis and plaque) of participating children who were between the ages of 5 and 15.

The effectiveness of two different battery-powered toothbrushes on whitening through removal of stain.

Whitening dentifrices have recently become popular, achieving a whitening benefit by surface chemical action and/or abrasion that serve to remove extrinsic stains and/or prevent extrinsic stain buildup. Some powered toothbrushes have also been demonstrated to have whitening/stain-removal efficacy when used with standard dentifrice products. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of an experimental prototype powered toothbrush (Crest SpinBrush Pro) and a commercially available powered toothbrush (Crest SpinBrush) on dental whitening through the removal of extrinsic stain.

The reduction of gingivitis using battery-powered toothbrushes over a one-month period.

This study measured the ability of two powered toothbrushes (Crest SpinBrush and Crest SpinBrush Pro) to reduce gingivitis relative to baseline levels over a one-month period. This study made use of a randomized, controlled, examiner-blind, parallel design. Subjects were examined for Löe-Silness GI scores at baseline and at one month.