[Interactive, semi-automatized and open source computational model applied to respiratory viruses surveillance].

Acute respiratory infections (ARI) are an important cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, affecting mainly children and the elderly. They are associated with a high economic burden, increased number of medical visits and hospitalizations. The surveillance of the circulation of respiratory viruses can reduce the health care associated costs, and to optimize the health response.

M-CHAT-R/F Validation as a screening tool for early detection in children with autism spectrum disorder.

Introduction: Screening for Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) using the Modified Checklist for Autism in Toddlers, Revised with Follow-up (M-CHAT-R/F) increases early detection, allowing early interventions and improving prognosis. This tool is part of the management in case of suspected ASD in several clinical guidelines. The objective of this article was to conduct the concurrent and discrimi nant validation and the reliability analysis of M-CHAT-R/F in the Chilean population.

[Early child development inequalities and associated factors between public and private providers at metropolitan region in Chile].

Unlabelled: Early child development is a population determinant of physical, mental and social health. To know the base line situation prior to the implementation of "Chile grows with you" (Chile Crece Contigo) is key to its evaluation.

Objective: To compare early child development and associated factors at baseline in pre-school children from public and private health sectors.

Well-Being and Agency in Parents of Children With Congenital Heart Disease: A Survey in Chile.

Background: Parents of children having congenital heart diseases (CHDs) develop symptoms of depression, distress, anxiety, and hopelessness more frequently than parents of healthy children. Associated with the described symptoms, parents may experience a lack of control and disempowerment, which decreases the parent's agency, a construct from development studies, and which may have negative consequences on adherence to treatment. The primary aim of this study was to assess the effect of medical treatment on well-being and agency in parents of children having CHDs, in Chile, and to compare it with reference values.

[Oral polio vaccine in infants does not interfere in detection of enterovirus in blood].

Introduction: There is not known if a viraemia post-oral polio vaccine (OPV) is detectable by modern molecular techniques. Such viraemia could affect the performance of the real time-polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for non polio enterovirus (EV) detection, technique of growing clinical use for the study of febrile infants.

Objective: To determine viraemia post-first dose of OPV in healthy infants, by molecular techniques.

Profile of inflammatory mediators in tonsils of patients with periodic fever, aphthous stomatitis, pharyngitis, and cervical adenitis (PFAPA) syndrome.

The purpose of this study was to analyze the levels of white blood cells and profile of proinflammatory Th1, Th2, Th17, and T regulatory tissue cytokines in the tonsils of periodic fever, aphthous stomatitis, pharyngitis, and cervical adenitis (PFAPA) patients to contribute to the pathophysiological understanding of the PFAPA syndrome. A cohort of PFAPA patients who had tonsillectomy during 2010 and 2011 was included and compared to control patients who had tonsillectomy for tonsillar hypertrophy. White blood cell counts were measured during flares in PFAPA patients and before tonsillectomy in the control group.

Environmental pediatrics: an emerging issue.

Objective: To review the most relevant articles regarding environmental pediatrics, its potential effects on health, and especially its advances in prevention.

Sources: A literature search was conducted using MEDLINE/PubMed and SciELO databases. Articles from 1990 to 2010 were reviewed, in addition to book chapters related to environmental pediatrics.

Analysis of a learning assessment system for pediatric internship based upon objective structured clinical examination, clinical practice observation and written examination.

Objective: To describe and analyze three tools used in the assessment system applied to the pediatric internship over a 7-year period at the School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.

Methods: Retrospective observational research design for the assessment modalities implemented in the pediatric internship from 2001 through 2007. The tools were as follows: objective structured clinical examination (OSCE), written examination and daily clinical practice observation guidelines (DCPOG).

Syndrome of periodic fever, aphthous stomatitis, pharyngitis, and adenitis (PFAPA) in siblings.

PFAPA syndrome is characterized by episodes of periodic fever, aphthous stomatitis, pharyngitis, and cervical adenitis. PFAPA syndrome usually begins in children under 5 years old and normally has self-resolution. The etiology of PFAPA syndrome remains unknown.

[Altered expression of survival (CD127) and death (Fas) receptors in total, naïve and memory CD8 T lymphocytes from human immunodeficiency virus infected patients: possible implications for progression of infection].

We studied the ex vivo and in vitro expression of CD95/Fas and CD127 receptors in total, naive and memory CD8+ T cells from HIV infected patients with different blood counts of CD4+ T cells. In addition, spontaneous and induced apoptosis were determined in vitro using a viral antigen (Env), along with an evaluation of their specific proliferative capacity. The obtained results demonstrated that patients with low counts of CD4+ T cells (CD4 < 250/microL), showed ex vivo, a high expression of CD95/Fas and a low expression of CD127 in all CD8+ T cell subgroups, as compared with patients with bigger counts of CD4+ T cells in blood (CD4> 250/microL).

Description of dental arch form using the Fourier series.

The aim of this study was to describe the form of the human superior dental arch using Fourier transformations. Forty models made in dental stone from impressions of the maxillary dental arch were used to obtain the reference data, which were expressed in Cartesian coordinates, from the mesovestibular cuspid vertices of molar teeth, vestibular cuspid of premolars, and incisal edge. Fourth-grade equations and Fourier series were calculated from these data.