Comparative neurotoxicity of dietary methylmercury and waterborne inorganic mercury in fish: Evidence of optic tectum vulnerability through morphometric and histopathological assessments.

This work investigated the effects of inorganic mercury (iHg) and methylmercury (MeHg) on the fish optic tectum morphology, viz. in relation to: (i) vulnerability of specific optic tectum layers; (ii) preferential targeting of Hg forms to neurons or glial cells; (iii) comparative toxicity of iHg and MeHg in this brain area that is in the maintenance of several fish behaviors. Two experiments exposing juvenile white seabream (Diplodus sargus) to waterborne iHg [HgCl (2 μg L)] and dietary MeHg (8.

Autonomic neuropathic symptoms in patients with diabetes: practical tools for screening in daily routine.

Background: Diabetic autonomic neuropathy (DAN) is a frequent complication in people with diabetes whose screening is often neglected. This study aimed to evaluate DAN through practical tools in people with diabetes in a referral center for diabetes treatment.

Methods: DAN symptoms and severity were assessed using the Survey of Autonomic Symptoms (SAS) via digital application (app) in patients attended from June 1, 2021, to November 12, 2021.

The -308G>a polymorphism of the TNF gene is associated with proliferative diabetic retinopathy in Caucasian Brazilians with type 2 diabetes.

Purpose: We tested the hypothesis that tumor necrosis factor (TNF) gene polymorphisms are associated with diabetic retinopathy (DR) in Caucasians with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Methods: In a case-control study, the -238G>A (rs361525), -308G>A (rs1800629), and -857C>T (rs1799724) polymorphisms of the TNF gene were genotyped in 745 outpatients with type 2 diabetes, including 331 subjects without DR, 246 with nonproliferative DR (NPDR), and 168 with proliferative DR (PDR).

Results: Genotype and allele frequencies of the -238G>A, -308G>A, and -857C>T polymorphisms in subjects with NPDR were not significantly different from those of subjects without DR (P > 0.