Aim: To evaluate the effect of systemic administration of propranolol on the severity of apical periodontitis (AP) in chronically stressed rats.
Methodology: Twenty-four 70-day-old male Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus, albinus) were distributed into three groups (n = 8): rats with AP without stressful conditions (AP-Control), rats with AP and submitted to a chronic unpredictable stress (CUS) protocol (AP + S) and rats with AP and submitted to a CUS protocol treated with propranolol (AP + S + PRO). Stress procedures were applied daily until the end of the experiment.
To investigate the role of adrenergic signalling (AS) in the host immune response and virulence, we compared norepinephrine (NE) and isoproterenol (ISO) responses in . infection was evaluated by survival; humoral immune responses (i.e.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCryptococcosis is a global fungal infection caused by the Cryptococcus neoformans/Cryptococcus gattii yeast complex. This infection is acquired by inhalation of propagules such as basidiospores or dry yeast, initially causing lung infections with the possibility of progressing to the meninges. This infection mainly affects immunocompromised HIV and transplant patients; however, immunocompetent patients can also be affected.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt J Environ Res Public Health
March 2022
Background: Cancer is currently a major public health problem worldwide, with a marked increase of about 70% in the number of expected diagnosed cases over the next two decades. The amount of tobacco and alcohol consumed is calculated based on the subjective information provided by the user. Tobacco exposure can be assessed using the Fagerström Test for Cigarette Dependence (FTCD) and alcohol consumption by the Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test (AUDIT).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFis the main fungal species associated with the development of oral candidiasis. Currently, therapeutic options for these infections are limited by the adverse effects of antifungal drugs and by the emergence of drug resistant strains. Thus, the development of new antifungal agents is needed for the prevention and treatment of oral infections.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPhotodynamic therapy (PDT) is a promising strategy to control cariogenic pathogens, such as Streptococcus mutans. Seeking to reach the total bacterial elimination from dental surfaces, novel photosensitizers have been investigated, such as Fotoenticine (FTC) derived from chlorin e6. The objective of this study was to investigate the photodynamic effects of FTC against several clinical strains of S.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCandida albicans is a pathogen equipped with a variety of commensal and virulence traits that help it colonize the microbiota and invade host tissue during infection. In this study, we investigated the potential anticandidal activity of 3-[2-(4-(4-methoxyphenyl)thiazol-2-yl)hydrazino)]butan-1-ol (MT), a thiazolylhydrazone compound synthesized by our group, and identified it as a promising antifungal agent. The activity of MT was evaluated in vitro and in vivo against C.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFStreptococcus mutans is considered to be a major bacterium involved in dental caries, and the control of virulence mechanisms is fundamental to prevent disease. Probiotics present a promising preventive method; however, the use of probiotics requires its incorporation into delivery materials to facilitate oral colonization. Thus, we performed a comprehensive study examining preventive effects of Lactobacillus paracasei 28.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFChitosan (CS), a biopolymer with intrinsic antimicrobial activity, can increase antimicrobial photodynamic inactivation (aPDI). The aim of this study was to evaluate the capacity of CS to potentiate the efficacy of Photoditazine® (PDZ)-mediated aPDI of the cariogenic bacterium Streptococcus mutans. CS effectively augmented the effects of aPDI, with reductions of approximately 4.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIntroduction: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory demyelinating autoimmune disease that affects the central nervous system. Since immune system plays a key role in this disease, patients with MS can present higher risk of infections.
Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of Candida spp.
Front Cell Infect Microbiol
June 2021
has emerged as a medically important pathogen with considerable resistance to antifungal agents. The ability to produce biofilms is an important pathogenicity feature of this species that aids escape of host immune responses and antimicrobial agents. The objective of this study was to verify antifungal action using and models of the 28.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIn the oral cavity, species form mixed biofilms with , a pathogenic bacterium that can secrete molecules with antifungal activity. In this study, we extracted and fractioned culture filtrate of , seeking antifungal agents capable of inhibiting the biofilms, filamentation, and candidiasis by . Active UA159 supernatant filtrate components were extracted via liquid-liquid partition and fractionated on a C-18 silica column to resolve fraction 1 (SM-F1) and fraction 2 (SM-F2).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFOral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol
September 2020
Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the expression of DNA repair genes in cases of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC).
Study Design: Expression of the MLH1, MSH2, MLH3, ATM, MRE11A, XRCC1, and PMS2 genes was evaluated by reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction in the OSCC group (32 patients) and the control group (15 patients). The groups were compared by using the Mann-Whitney test, with Bonferroni correction.
Fungi of the genus Candida are important etiological agents of superficial and life-threatening infections in individuals with a compromised immune system. One of the main characteristics of Candida is its ability to form highly drug tolerance biofilms in the human host. Biofilms are a dynamic community of multiple cell types whose formation over time is orchestrated by a network of transcription regulators.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFProbiotics might provide an alternative approach for the control of oral candidiasis. However, studies on the antifungal activity of probiotics in the oral cavity are based on the consumption of yogurt or other dietary products, and it is necessary to use appropriate biomaterials and specific strains to obtain probiotic formulations targeted for local oral administration. In this study, we impregnated gellan gum, a natural biopolymer used as a food additive, with a probiotic and investigated its antifungal activity against 28.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjective: The objective was to investigate the prevalence of the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and its association with human papilloma virus (HPV) detection, clinicopathological features, and the severity of recurrent respiratory papillomatosis (RRP).
Methods: Cases of juvenile recurrent respiratory papillomatosis (JRRP) (n = 36) and adult recurrent respiratory papillomatosis (ARRP) (n = 44) were collected retrospectively and subdivided into low- and high-risk severity groups based on the Derkay score. We performed HPV detection and genotyping using a reverse hybridization protocol and investigated the presence of EBV by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and in situ hybridization.
Biofouling
October 2019
Surface pre-reacted glass-ionomer (S-PRG) is a bioactive filler produced by PRG technology, which is applied to various dental materials. The inhibitory effects of S-PRG eluate against , the most common fungal oral pathogen, were investigated. Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) and anti-biofilm activities were tested against , , , and .
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus atrophaeus on Galleria mellonella immunity challenged by Candida albicans. Firstly, we analyzed the susceptibility of G. mellonella to bacilli (vegetative and sporulating forms).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInfections caused by Acinetobacter baumannii have become a challenge for healthcare professionals because of the rapid increase in Gram-negative bacteria resistant to carbapenem antibiotics. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) against different strains of A. baumannii isolated from patients with infectious process and hospitalized at the intensive care unit of the hospitals of São Jose dos Campos, São Paulo.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe use of invertebrates for in vivo studies in microbiology is well established in the scientific community. Larvae of are a widely used model for studying pathogenesis, the efficacy of new antimicrobial compounds, and immune responses. The immune system of larvae is structurally and functionally similar to the innate immune response of mammals, which makes this model suitable for such studies.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe aim was to evaluate in vitro possible interactions, gene expression, and biofilm formation in species of Candida albicans, Streptococcus mitis, and Streptococcus sanguinis and their in vivo pathogenicity. The in vitro analysis evaluated the effects of S. mitis and S.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFProbiotics can release bioactive substances that can inhibit the growth and biofilm formation of pathogenic microorganisms such as Streptococcus mutans. In this context, we evaluated whether the supernatants of Lactobacillus strains isolated from caries-free subjects can inhibit S. mutans, one of the most important bacteria for dental caries.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the epigenetic changes in the process of oral carcinogenesis by screening the methylation of repair genes in chronic smokers.
Design: Two groups were formed: Group 1: 16 smokers with consumption of 20 cigarettes/day for at least 10 years; and Group 2: 10 non-smoking. Exfoliative cytology of the tongue was performed, and the extracted DNA was treated by enzymes.
Candida albicans and Candida tropicalis are commensal microorganisms occurring in the oral cavity of approximately 50%-70% of healthy individuals. However, these microbes can become pathogenic through changes in the environment or weakened host immune system. Thus, the aim of this investigation was to evaluate the interaction between species of the genus Candida in the biofilm formation, filamentation, gene expression and virulence in Galleria mellonella.
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