Risk Factors and Modifiers for Cardiovascular Disease Assessment of Patients with Heterozygous Familial Hypercholesterolaemia.

: The assessment of the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in patients with heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia (HeFH) is determined by conventional risk factors. However, factors modifying CVD, or risk modifiers, beyond conventional risk factors may inform their CVD risk assessment and the subsequent use of new therapies. This work identifies and characterises patients within a lipid clinic cohort with regards to conventional CVD risk factors and risk modifiers with a focus on those with HeFH.

An exploration of patient experiences of transitioning to a remote day programme following inpatient treatment in an adult eating disorder service.

Unlabelled: WHAT IS KNOWN ON THE SUBJECT?: Traditionally, treatment for eating disorders (EDs) has been provided on an inpatient or outpatient basis, but more recently other levels of treatment provision to include, day care (DC) and community outreach programmes, have been developed. There is limited research exploring the experience of patients who have transitioned from inpatient ED treatment to a remote DC treatment. This lack of knowledge can impact mental health nurses' understanding of what that experience is like for patients and hence may influence the efficacy of collaboration and inclusion between patients and nurses.

Abbreviated lipid guidelines for clinical practice : Based on ESC lipid guidelines 2019 and ESC cardiovascular disease prevention in clinical practice guidelines 2021.

Background: Lipid disorders are now considered causal for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) which remains one of the most important contributors to morbidity and mortality in the developed world. Identification and early treatment of lipid disarrays remains the cornerstone of good clinical practice to prevent, halt and even reverse ASCVD. Guidelines for lipid management are imperative to help promote good clinical practice.

The DA VINCI study: is Ireland achieving ESC/EAS guideline-directed LDL-C goals?

Background: The EU-wide, cross-sectional observational study of lipid-lowering therapy (LLT) use in secondary and primary care (DA VINCI) assessed the proportion of patients achieving low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) goals recommended by the European Society of Cardiology (ESC)/European Atherosclerosis Society (EAS) guidelines and provided an insight into regional use of LLT in Europe, including Ireland.

Aims: This analysis focuses on data from patients in Ireland who participated in the DA VINCI study.

Methods: The DA VINCI study enrolled patients receiving LLT at primary and secondary care sites across 18 European countries between June 2017 and November 2018.

Levels of Prebeta-1 High-Density Lipoprotein Are a Strong Independent Positive Risk Factor for Coronary Heart Disease and Myocardial Infarction: A Meta-Analysis.

Background We previously showed that levels of prebeta-1 high-density lipoprotein (HDL), the principal acceptor of cholesterol effluxed from cells, including artery wall macrophages, are positively associated with coronary heart disease (CHD) and myocardial infarction (MI) risk. Methods and Results In a multiethnic follow-up cohort of 1249 individuals from University of California-San Francisco clinics, we determined the degree to which prebeta-1 HDL levels, both absolute and percentage of apolipoprotein AI, are associated with CHD and history of MI. Independent, strong, positive associations were found.

Referrals to, and characteristics of patients attending a specialist hypertension clinic.

The management of hypertension is suboptimal in Ireland and internationally. The role of a specialist hypertension clinic is not always defined but an analysis of the reasons for referral are likely informative. Also, a description of the clinical characteristics of patients with hypertension will inform requirements for comprehensive hypertension management in the community and secondary care.

Partners' experiences of living with a person with an eating disorder: A grounded theory study.

Aim: To explore the experiences of intimate partners of people with an eating disorder.

Design: Qualitative grounded theory study.

Methods: In-depth interviews were conducted with 18 partners of people with an eating disorder from 2013-2016.

The Leadership and Organizational Context Required to Support Patient Partnerships.

Healthcare providers and managers typically design programs based on what they believe patients need and want. Yet patients have knowledge and insight into how the system can be changed to better meet their needs, improve outcomes and reduce costs. We describe challenges in creating a culture of patient partnerships and the leadership actions and organizational context required now and in the future to support engagement-capable environments at the organizational and policy levels in Canada.

Levels of prebeta-1 high-density lipoprotein are elevated in 3 phenotypes of dyslipidemia.

Background: Prebeta-1 high-density lipoprotein (HDL) is a small subspecies of HDL that functions as the HDL quantum particle and is the principal acceptor of cholesterol effluxed from macrophages through the ATP-binding cassette transporter, ABCA1. High levels of prebeta-1 HDL are associated with increased risk of structural coronary artery disease and myocardial infarction.

Objective: We aimed to compare prebeta-1 HDL levels in normal subjects and in 3 phenotypes of dyslipidemia.

Healthcare for the Aging Citizen and the Aging Citizen for Healthcare: Involving Patient Advisors in Elder-Friendly Care Improvement.

With an aging population and a healthcare system that is overly reliant on providing expensive and sometimes problematic hospital-based care for older Canadians, driving improvements that promote elder-friendly care has never been more critical. The Acute Care for Elders (ACE) Strategy at Toronto's Mount Sinai Hospital is the focus of a pan-Canadian collaborative delivered by the Canadian Foundation for Healthcare Improvement in partnership with the Canadian Frailty Network. The intent is to spread the ACE Strategy's elder-friendly models of care and practices to 18 participating healthcare delivery organizations.

Physical Assessment Techniques in Nursing Education: A Replicated Study.

Background: It has been nearly a decade since findings revealed that a sample of U.S. nurses routinely used only 30 physical assessment techniques in clinical practice.

The Effects of the Transforming Care at the Bedside Program on Perceived Team Effectiveness and Patient Outcomes.

The objective of the study was to document the impact of Transforming Care at the Bedside (TCAB) program on health care team's effectiveness, patient safety, and patient experience. A pretest and posttest (team effectiveness) and a time-series study design (patient experience and safety) were used. The intervention (the TCAB program) was implemented in 8 units in a multihospital academic health science center in Montreal, Quebec, Canada.

Development and validation of an instrument to assess job satisfaction in eye-care personnel.

Purpose: The aim was to develop and validate an instrument to measure job satisfaction in eye-care personnel and assess the job satisfaction of one-year trained vision technicians in India.

Methods: A pilot instrument for assessing job satisfaction was developed, based on a literature review and input from a public health expert panel. Rasch analysis was used to assess psychometric properties and to undertake an iterative item reduction.

The Experience of Patients Engaged in Co-designing Care Processes.

This article presents the experiences of patients engaged in co-designing care under a program entitled, "Transforming Care at the Bedside," based at an academic health sciences center. This descriptive, qualitative study collected data through individual interviews. Participants included patients from 5 units in an academic health sciences center in Quebec, Canada.

Expanding patient engagement in quality improvement and health system redesign: Three Canadian case studies.

Healthcare organizations face growing pressures to increase patient-centred care and to involve patients more in organizational decisions. Yet many providers worry that such involvement requires additional time and resources and do not see patients as capable of contributing meaningfully to decisions. This article discusses three efforts in four organizations to engage patients in quality improvement efforts.

Clinical Competency of 1-Year Trained Vision Technicians in Andhra Pradesh, India.

Purpose: To assess clinical competency of 1-year trained vision technicians (VTs) in detecting and referring causes of visual impairment in India.

Methods: Eye examination results and management plans for 328 patients examined by 24 VTs in 24 vision centers of LV Prasad Eye Institute in Andhra Pradesh were compared with those of a standard optometrist who examined the same patients. Eye examinations included retinoscopy and subjective refraction, slit lamp examination, applanation tonometry and undilated direct ophthalmoscopy.

Intraoperative radiocolloid injection for sentinel node biopsy postneoadjuvant chemotherapy.

Background: This study sought to determine significance of radiocolloid injection timing for sentinel node biopsy (SNB) after neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC).

Material And Methods: A retrospective comparison of intraoperative (IRCI) and preoperative (PRCI) radiocolloid injection for SNB was performed in breast cancer patients who had completed NAC. The sentinel node identification rate (SNIDR) was tested for noninferiority by a two-proportion z-test.

Effective Strategies to Spread Redesigning Care Processes Among Healthcare Teams.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to describe how spread strategies facilitate the successful implementation of the Transforming Care at the Bedside (TCAB) program and their impact on healthcare workers and patients in a major Canadian healthcare organization.

Design: This study used a qualitative and descriptive design with focus groups and individual interviews held in May 2014. Participants included managers and healthcare providers from eight TCAB units in a university health center in Quebec, Canada.

A consumer informed workshop can improve knowledge and attitude to patient-centered care among hospital clinicians-in-training.

Purpose: Patient and family involvement in the education and training of medical practitioners increases the likelihood that the care delivered will meet the needs of service users and carers. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of a consumer informed educational program on knowledge and attitude to patient-centered care among hospital clinical trainees.

Methods: A total of 66 junior medical staff and 35 orthoptists in training were invited to participate in a controlled before-and-after trial at the Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital from October to November, 2011.

Transforming Care at the Bedside: managers' and health care providers' perceptions of their change capacities.

Background: The Transforming Care at the Bedside (TCAB) project engages frontline health care providers as the leaders of change and improvement efforts in their work environment. This study explored how health care providers and managers from three TCAB units in a university-affiliated health care center perceived the development of their change capacities following their involvement in this program.

Method: This descriptive, qualitative study involved focus groups and individual interviews.

Selection considerations when using a 'standard optometrist' to evaluate clinical performance of other eye-care personnel.

Background: Selection of a standard professional is crucial for assessing the clinical performance of other eye-care personnel. This paper describes the selection considerations and the clinical competency assessment of two optometrists required to select a 'standard optometrist' (SO) for evaluating the clinical performance of vision technicians in India.

Methods: Two optometrists were short-listed from 21 optometrists who responded to an advertisement to be selected as a SO for the assessment of the performance of 24 vision technicians in rural vision centres.

CE: Original research: the perceptions of health care team members about engaging patients in care redesign.

Objective: This study sought to explore the perceptions of health care workers about engaging patients as partners on care redesign teams under a program called Transforming Care at the Bedside (TCAB), and to examine the facilitating factors, barriers, and effects of such engagement.

Design: This descriptive, qualitative study collected data through focus groups and individual interviews. Participants included health care providers and managers from five units at three hospitals in a university-affiliated health care center in Canada.

Intraoperative injection of radiocolloid for sentinel node biopsy in breast cancer.

Unlabelled: Preoperative injection of radiocolloid for axillary sentinel node biopsy in breast cancer is uncomfortable for patients. This study evaluated the reliability of radiocolloid injection as determined by sentinel node identification rate and positive sentinel node biopsy rate, after the patient has been anesthetized in the operating room as compared with preoperative injection.

Methods: After institutional review board approval, a retrospective cohort of patients with breast cancer who underwent sentinel node biopsy from January 2005 through December 2010 was evaluated for analysis.