[Risk factors for malnutrition at two years of corrected age in preterm infants under 32 weeks].

Unlabelled: Post-discharge nutrition of preterm newborns must avoid excessive or insufficient weight gain and optimal length and head circumference growth. In Chile, premature infants less than 32 wee ks at birth receive fortified formulas during the first year, unless they are exclusively breastfed.

Objective: To describe growth and identify the risk of malnutrition at 24 months.

[Colostrum protocol evaluation for very low birth weight preterm infants].

Introduction: Early administration of oral colostrum has been recommended in very-low-birth-weight (VLBW) preterm infant care.

Objective: To evaluate the clinical effect of early colostrum administration on in-hospital outcome and lactation of VLBW preterm infants compared with historical control in an Intensive Care Unit.

Subjects And Method: descriptive cohort study with historical control of VLBW preterm infants who did or did not receive early oral colostrum, born 1.

[Growth until 24 months in preterm of very low birth weight, with or without intrauterine or postnatal growth restriction].

Introduction: The growth of preterm newborns can be affected during the fetal period, hospitalization, and post discharge.

Objective: to describe the anthropometric development of preterm newborns with or without intrauterine and postnatal growth restriction, and with or without recovery at 40 weeks from birth to 24 months of age.

Patients And Method: Retrospective, descriptive study with Z-scores (Fen ton and WHO) of weight, length, head circumference, and weight/length of preterm infants of less than 32 weeks of gestational age at birth up to 24 months of corrected age.

[Hypomagnesemia in newborns with hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy and whole-body hypothermia].

Introduction: In newborns with the diagnosis of hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) treated with hypother mia, metabolic alterations are observed, which are associated with neurological prognosis. Hypo magnesemia has been reported frequently in the literature in these patients, but it is not measured or corrected in all neonatal healthcare centers.

Objective: To evaluate the frequency of hypomag nesemia and hypocalcemia in newborns with HIE treated with whole-body hypothermia and to evaluate the response to the magnesium sulfate administration.

[Severe hyperbilirubinemia in newborns, risk factors and neurological outcomes].

Introduction: Hyperbilirubinemia is highly prevalent in newborns, with risk of neurological invol vement with bilirubinemia higher than 20 to 25 mg/dl. This progression is preventable with early de tection and treatment.

Objective: To describe the incidence and associated factors in hospitalized pa tients with hyperbilirubinemia higher than 20 mg/dl, and the follow-up of symptomatic cases during hospitalization.

[Hypophosphatemia in preterm infants: a bimodal disorder].

New nutritional approaches to treat extreme premature babies have demonstrated relevant eviden ce of metabolic disturbances with early hypophosphatemia, especially in patients with intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR). They have shown late hypophosphatemia, as well, which is characteristic in the metabolic bone disease. A sytematic search of literature describing metabolic disturbances of phosphorus in preterm newborns is presented, related to the use of early parenteral nutrition and also in the context of metabolic bone disease.

[Intrauterine growth and biochemical levels in cord blood samples in infants less than 31 weeks gestation].

Introduction: The use of greater amounts of protein and energy during the first week of life is associated with hypophosphataemia in extreme preterm babies. The lowest phosphorus levels are described in intrauterine growth restricted (IUGR) babies.

Objectives: To describe biochemistry levels in cord blood plasma in extreme premature, adequate and small for gestational age babies (AGA/SGA) and their relationship with plasma calcium and phosphorus levels during the first week of life.

[Nutritional factors on retinopathy of prematurity].

Retinopathy of prematurity is a complication affecting very low birth weight infants; it is produced by numerous factors. We review nutritional and growth aspects associated with larger or lesser incidence and severity of retinopathy. This information would allow a better prediction of risk and, a clinical management to minimize visual damage.