Longitudinal Pain Management Claims in Maryland: Implications.

The study is a longitudinal review of pain management claims filed in the state of Maryland. Adverse outcomes associated with pain-related claims are often severe and include death, brain damage, and back and spinal cord sequelae. There is a lot to be learned from past experiences, identified in closed pain management claims, specifically on how to improve patient education, outcomes, quality, and safety.

Sustained Implementation of an Evidence-Based Extubation Checklist Reduced Extubation Failure in Trauma Patients.

Extubation failure remains a challenge in the perioperative setting. The aim of this intervention was to decrease the rate of perioperative extubation failure through the utilization of an extubation checklist. A five-item evidence-based extubation readiness checklist was implemented at a level I trauma center on all patients who were electively extubated in the operating room (OR).

Research focused doctoral nursing education in the 21st century: Curriculum, evaluation, and postdoctoral considerations.

The AACN position statement on The Research-Focused Doctoral Program in Nursing: Pathways to Excellence was revised in 2022 by an AACN Task Force charged with creating a new vision for the PhD and similar programs in nursing. This document, which was informed by hundreds of academic nursing stakeholders, yields expectations and recommendations for PhD program curriculum, program evaluation, post-doctoral competencies, and resources. Results of an AACN 2021 survey indicated increased enrollment in PhD programs 2017-2000.

Anesthesia-Related Malpractice Claims in Maryland 1994-2017.

This article presents data on anesthesia cases filed with the Maryland Health Claims Alternative Dispute Office between 1994 and 2017, a publicly available resource that includes all anesthesia-related claims filed in Maryland, regardless of whether they were reported to any national claims repository. Analysis of anesthesia malpractice claims offers critical information that can both decrease legal liability and improve patient outcomes for those receiving anesthesia. A total of 276 claims were filed.

Embodied object concepts: The contribution of structural and functional manipulability depends on available visual information.

Object identification is driven, in part, by the extent to which we have sensorimotor experience with the object. Importantly, the activation of embodied object representations depends on contextual information. In the present study, we use a visual masking paradigm to investigate how the availability of visual information modulates the role of manipulability in the representation of object concepts.

Ethical Issues Encountered by Military Nurses During Wartime.

Military nurses encounter similar issues as civilian nurses in daily practice situations; however, wartime and humanitarian missions may bring unique and difficult ethical dilemmas. While nursing has the American Nurses Association code of ethics to provide a framework to guide ethical practice decisions, conflicts may arise from the unique aspects of nursing within a wartime environment. Understanding those conflicts occuring within the military wartime scenario can provide nurses with experiential examples from which to derive strategies for personal coping and professional behavior and decision making.

The DalHouses: 100 new photographs of houses with ratings of typicality, familiarity, and degree of similarity to faces.

Houses have often been used as comparison stimuli in face-processing studies because of the many attributes they share with faces (e.g., distinct members of a basic category, consistent internal features, mono-orientation, and relative familiarity).

Photographs of manipulable objects are named more quickly than the same objects depicted as line-drawings: Evidence that photographs engage embodiment more than line-drawings.

Previous research has shown that photographs of manipulable objects (i.e., those that can be grasped for use with one hand) are named more quickly than non-manipulable objects when they have been matched for object familiarity and age of acquisition.

Accessing embodied object representations from vision: A review.

Theories of embodied cognition (EC) propose that object concepts are represented by reactivations of sensorimotor experiences of different objects. Abundant research from linguistic paradigms provides support for the notion that sensorimotor simulations are involved in cognitive tasks like comprehension. However, it is unclear whether object concepts, as accessed from the visual presentation of objects, are embodied.

Handles of manipulable objects attract covert visual attention: ERP evidence.

Previous research has demonstrated that people are faster at making a manual response with the hand that is aligned with the handle of a manipulable object compared to its functional end. According to theories of embodied cognition (ETC), the presentation of a manipulable object automatically elicits sensorimotor simulations of the respective hand and these simulations facilitate the response. However, an alternative interpretation of these data is that handles preferentially attract visual attention, since attended stimuli and locations typically elicit faster responses.

Testing the embodied account of object naming: a concurrent motor task affects naming artifacts and animals.

Embodied theories of object representation propose that the same neural networks are involved in encoding and retrieving object knowledge. In the present study, we investigated whether motor programs play a causal role in the retrieval of object names. Participants performed an object-naming task while squeezing a sponge with either their right or left hand.

A test of the embodied simulation theory of object perception: potentiation of responses to artifacts and animals.

Theories of embodied object representation predict a tight association between sensorimotor processes and visual processing of manipulable objects. Previous research has shown that object handles can 'potentiate' a manual response (i.e.

A computer-generated face database with ratings on realism, masculinity, race, and stereotypy.

Ratings of realism, masculinity, race, and racial stereotypy were collected on a set of computer-generated faces representing European, South East Asian, and African American ethnicities. To determine if these faces are processed in the same way as photographs of real faces, we demonstrated with these faces superior memory performance for upright faces over inverted faces (the face inversion effect). Further, in observers of European decent, we found both superior memory for European faces and a larger inversion effect for European than African American faces.

Neuropsychological dissociations between motion and form perception suggest functional organization in extrastriate cortical regions in the human brain.

In this review of neuropsychological case studies, a number of dissociations are shown between different visual abilities including low-level motion perception, static form perception, form-from-motion perception and biological motion perception. These dissociations reveal counter-intuitive results. Specifically, higher level form-from-motion perception can persist despite deficits in low-level motion perception and static form perception.

A significant bilateral field advantage for shapes defined by static and motion cues.

Matching performance is better when pairs of visual stimuli are presented in bilateral conditions--in which one stimulus is presented to each side of the visual field--than in unilateral presentations-when both stimuli are presented to one side of the field. This is called the bilateral field advantage (BFA). The processing of visual motion has also been found to be more strongly integrated across the cerebral hemispheres than is processing of static cues.

A contextual effect of 2nd-order configural processing of non-face objects by non-experts.

We investigated here the detection of 2nd-order configural relations both in faces and in non-face objects. In experiment 1 it was shown that observers were more sensitive to feature displacements in upright faces and houses than in inverted faces and houses. The presence of an inversion effect in the house stimuli suggested that 2nd-order relational processing was applied to the non-face stimuli.

Behavioral effects of visual field location on processing motion- and luminance-defined form.

Traditional theories posit a ventral cortical visual pathway subserving object recognition regardless of the information defining the contour. However, functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies have shown dorsal cortical activity during visual processing of static luminance-defined (SL) and motion-defined form (MDF). It is unknown if this activity is supported behaviorally, or if it depends on central or peripheral vision.

Living kidney organ donation: experiences of spousal support of donors.

Aim: The purpose of this study was to explore the process of living kidney donation as experienced by husbands of donors to aid nurses and all members of the health care team in promoting informed consent for those considering living donation and to promote the well being of spouses of living donors, donors and their families.

Background: The attitudes of husbands of living kidney donors may affect their decision to donate and satisfaction with recovery from donation surgery, thus it is critical to know how husbands of living kidney donors view kidney donation.

Methods: Eleven male spouses of living kidney donors were interviewed three months following their wife's donation.

Perceptual biases in processing facial identity and emotion.

Normal observers demonstrate a bias to process the left sides of faces during perceptual judgments about identity or emotion. This effect suggests a right cerebral hemisphere processing bias. To test the role of the right hemisphere and the involvement of configural processing underlying this effect, young and older control observers and patients with right hemisphere damage completed two chimeric faces tasks (emotion judgment and face identity matching) with both upright and inverted faces.

Breastfeeding problems following anesthetic administration.

Research literature supports the notion that maternal comfort should be considered a priority and that mothers should receive adequate information regarding any drug prior to receiving that drug. Some studies indicate that difficulties with breastfeeding may be related to the amount of the anesthetic or analgesic that is administered to the mother. Thus, it seems wise to administer the lowest possible dose to the mother in order to minimize the amount of drug (or metabolite) exposure to the nursing infant.

Hierarchical attention in discriminating objects at different levels of specificity.

An implicit assumption of studies in the attentional literature has been that global and local levels of attention are involved in object recognition. To investigate this assumption, a divided attention task was used in which hierarchical figures were presented to prime the subsequent discrimination of target objects at different levels of category identity (basic and subordinate). Target objects were identified among distractor objects that varied in their degree of visual similarity to the targets.

Category-specific effects on the identification of non-manipulable objects.

Theories of category-specific effects on visual object identification predict easier identification of non-living than living objects. The Sensory-Functional theory credits greater representational weighting of the visual properties of living objects independent of greater weighting of the functional properties of non-living objects. It predicts a lost or reversed non-living advantage for non-manipulable objects.

Severe occupational injuries among older workers: demographic factors, time of injury, place and mechanism of injury, length of stay, and cost data.

Between 2002 and 2012, the number of individuals > 55 years of age in the workforce is projected to climb by approximately 50%. Few studies have substantiated that severe occupational injury to older workers is a significant problem. To identify the variables related to traumatic injuries of older workers, data were abstracted retrospectively from a regional trauma center database, including demographic and injury characteristics, length of hospital and intensive care unit (ICU) stay, and cost.