Universal Prenatal Screening and Testing and Chlamydia trachomatis Conjunctivitis in Infants.

We retrospectively reviewed all infant Chlamydia trachomatis eye cultures submitted to the Chlamydia Research Laboratory from 1986 to 2002. The positivity rate was 15.6% during the period before the implementation of universal prenatal screening (1986-1993) compared with 1.

Impact of Hurricane Sandy on hospital emergency and dialysis services: a retrospective survey.

Objective: Hurricane Sandy forced closures of many free-standing dialysis centers in New York City in 2012. Hemodialysis (HD) patients therefore sought dialysis treatments from nearby hospitals. The surge capacity of hospital dialysis services was the rate-limiting step for streamlining the emergency department flow of HD patients.

Addressing the gaps in preparation for quarantine.

Introduction: In the event of an outbreak of a communicable respiratory illness, quarantine may become necessary. The New York Institute for All Hazard Preparedness (NYIAHP) of the State University of New York (SUNY) Downstate Medical Center, in cooperation with the New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene's Healthcare Emergency Preparedness Program, (NYC DOHMH-HEPP) quarantine working group, has developed a series of clinical protocols to help health care facilities respond to such an event.

Problem: Two full-scale exercises (FSEs) were designed and conducted a year apart in the quarantine unit at Kings County Hospital Center (KCHC) to test the efficacy and feasibility of these quarantine protocols.

Evaluation of hospital mass screening and infection control practices in a pandemic influenza full-scale exercise.

Objective: Nonpharmacologic interventions such as limiting nosocomial spread have been suggested for mitigation of respiratory epidemics at health care facilities. This observational study tested the efficacy of a mass screening, isolation, and triage protocol in correctly identifying and placing in a cohort exercise subjects according to case status in the emergency departments at 3 acute care hospitals in Brooklyn, New York, during a simulated pandemic influenza outbreak.

Methods: During a 1-day, full-scale exercise using 354 volunteer victims, variables assessing adherence to the mass screening protocol and infection control recommendations were evaluated using standardized forms.

In vitro activity of CEM-101, a new fluoroketolide antibiotic, against Chlamydia trachomatis and Chlamydia (Chlamydophila) pneumoniae.

The in vitro activities of CEM-101, telithromycin, azithromycin, clarithromycin, and doxycycline against 10 isolates each of Chlamydia trachomatis and Chlamydia (Chlamydophila) pneumoniae were tested. The MIC at which 90% of the isolates of both C. trachomatis and C.

Lessons from the "Clean Baby 2007" pediatric decontamination drill.

Objectives: Children have unique needs and are at risk of being exposed to hazardous materials and necessitating decontamination. A drill was conducted to identify problems that arise in the decontamination of children and develop recommendations for effective age appropriate decontamination.

Methods: In a prospective, observational, multicenter, simulation exercise (drill), the authors assessed the management of patients (actors) ages 0.

Sophorolipids as antibacterial agents.

Sophorolipids (SLs), glycolipids produced by yeasts, have been reported to have immunomodulating activity and to reduce the mortality rate in animal models of sepsis. In the present study, the antibacterial activities of SLs and several derivatives were tested against a selection of standard bacterial isolates using the broth microdilution method. The SL derivatives tested did not show any significant antibacterial activity in vitro when tested at clinically relevant concentrations.

Minocycline treatment results in reduced oral steroid requirements in adult asthma.

The tetracycline antibiotics have pleiotropic anti-inflammatory properties that may explain their therapeutic benefit in rheumatoid arthritis and acne. As these agents suppress both cellular and humoral immune responses, they may be of benefit in treating asthma and other allergic disorders. The purpose of this study was to determine whether minocycline therapy of asthma has steroid sparing effects beyond its inherent antibiotic properties.

In vitro models of acute and long-term continuous infection of human respiratory epithelial cells with Chlamydophila pneumoniae have opposing effects on host cell apoptosis.

Persistent infection with the obligate intracellular pathogen Chlamydophila pneumoniae has been implicated in the pathogenesis of many chronic diseases, but its mechanism remains unclear. Many pathogens have been found to modulate cellular apoptosis in order to survive and multiply. Chlamydial species were shown to both induce and inhibit host cell apoptosis depending on the experimental conditions.

Molecular characterization of Chlamydophila pneumoniae isolates from Western barred bandicoots.

Chlamydophila pneumoniae is an obligate intracellular respiratory pathogen that has been associated with pneumonia and chronic bronchitis, atherosclerosis, asthma and other chronic diseases in humans. However, C. pneumoniae is not restricted to humans, as originally thought, and can cause infections in several animal hosts.

Infection with Simkania negevensis in Brooklyn, New York.

Background: Simkania negevensis is a Chlamydia-like intracellular organism that is prevalent in populations from a wide range of geographic areas. The role of the organism in respiratory disease in the United States is unknown.

Objective: To study the association between infection with S.

Genetic and culture-based approaches for detecting macrolide resistance in Chlamydia pneumoniae.

Three clinical Chlamydia pneumoniae isolates for which the MIC of azithromycin increased after treatment were investigated for genetic evidence of macrolide resistance. Attempts to induce antibiotic resistance in vitro were made. No genetic mechanism was identified for the phenotypic change in these C.

The role of Chlamydia pneumoniae infection in children with chronic sinusitis.

Background: Chlamydia pneumoniae infection is a frequent cause of lower respiratory disease in both adults and children. However, its role in upper respiratory disease, including sinusitis, is less clear.

Objective: To determine the role of infection with C.

In vitro activity of garenoxacin against recent clinical isolates of Chlamydia pneumoniae.

The in vitro activities of garenoxacin, a novel des-F (6)-quinolone, levofloxacin, moxifloxacin and clarithromycin were tested against 30 recent clinical isolates of Chlamydia pneumoniae. The minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) at which 90% of the isolates were inhibited and the minimal bactericidal concentration (MBC) at which 90% of the isolates were killed by garenoxacin for C. pneumoniae was 0.

Microbiological efficacy of ABT-773 (cethromycin) for the treatment of community-acquired pneumonia due to Chlamydia pneumoniae.

Nasopharyngeal specimens for culture of Chlamydia pneumoniae were obtained from patients with community-acquired pneumonia enrolled in a randomized study comparing the novel ketolide antibiotic ABT-773 at a dose of 150 mg once a day to 150 mg twice a day, by mouth for 10 days. C. pneumoniae was eradicated from the nasopharynx of 10 of 10 (100%) microbiologically evaluable patients.

In vitro activity of a new antibiotic, NVP-PDF386 (VRC4887), against Chlamydia pneumoniae.

The in vitro activity of NVP-PDF386 (VRC4887), a novel new peptide deformylase inhibitor, and those of levofloxacin and clarithromycin were tested against 21 isolates of Chlamydia pneumoniae. The MIC at which 90% of the isolates were inhibited and the minimal bactericidal concentration at which 90% of the isolates were killed by NVP-PDF386 for all isolates of C. pneumoniae were 0.

In vitro activities of rifamycin derivatives ABI-1648 (Rifalazil, KRM-1648), ABI-1657, and ABI-1131 against Chlamydia trachomatis and recent clinical isolates of Chlamydia pneumoniae.

ABI-1648 (rifalazil) is a semisynthetic rifamycin with potent bactericidal activity against intracellular respiratory bacteria, including Mycobacterium tuberculosis, and a long half-life (approximately 60 h) and thus can be administered once weekly. We therefore tested the in vitro activities of ABI-1648, its derivatives ABI-1657 and ABI-1131, azithromycin, and levofloxacin against 10 strains of Chlamydia trachomatis and 10 recent clinical isolates of Chlamydia pneumoniae. The MICs at which 90% of the isolates were inhibited and the minimal bactericidal concentration at which 90% of the isolates were killed for ABI-1648, ABI-1657, and ABI-1131 were 0.

Effect of gemifloxacin on viability of Chlamydia pneumoniae (Chlamydophila pneumoniae) in an in vitro continuous infection model.

Persistent infection with Chlamydia pneumoniae (Chlamydophila pneumoniae) has been implicated in the development of atherosclerosis, asthma and other chronic diseases. However, data on treatment of C. pneumoniae infections are limited.

In vitro activities of BMS-284756 against Chlamydia trachomatis and recent clinical isolates of Chlamydia pneumoniae.

The in vitro activities of BMS-284756 (a novel des-fluoroquinolone), levofloxacin, moxifloxacin, and clarithromycin were tested against 5 strains of Chlamydia trachomatis and 20 isolates of Chlamydia pneumoniae. The MIC at which 90% of the isolates were inhibited and the minimal bactericidal concentration at which 90% of the isolates were killed by BMS-284756 for all isolates of C. pneumoniae and C.

Effect of prolonged treatment with azithromycin, clarithromycin, or levofloxacin on Chlamydia pneumoniae in a continuous-infection Model.

Persistent infections with Chlamydia pneumoniae have been implicated in the development of chronic diseases, such as atherosclerosis and asthma. Although azithromycin, clarithromycin, and levofloxacin are frequently used for the treatment of respiratory C. pneumoniae infections, little is known about the dose and duration of therapy needed to treat a putative chronic C.