Physical Function and Physical Activity in Peritoneal Dialysis Patients.

Background: Physical functioning (PF) and physical activity (PA) are low in patients treated with maintenance hemodialysis (MHD). Little information exists on this topic in patients treated with peritoneal dialysis (PD). The objective of this study was to compare PF and PA in patients with Stage-5 chronic kidney disease (CKD) treated with PD and in-center MHD.

Bioimpedance spectroscopy for the estimation of fat-free mass in end-stage renal disease.

BACKGROUND #ENTITYSTARTX00026; AIMS: Bioimpedance spectroscopy may provide reliable estimates of fat-free mass in end-stage renal disease patients. We aimed to evaluate the ability of bioimpedance spectroscopy to estimate fat-free mass in end-stage renal disease patients using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry as a reference. METHODS: Fat-free mass measured by bioimpedance spectroscopy was compared to fat-free mass measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry in 16 end-stage renal disease patients on hemodialysis, 12 undialysed end-stage renal disease patients and 23 control subjects.

A randomized controlled trial of home-based exercise for cancer-related fatigue in women during and after chemotherapy with or without radiation therapy.

Background: Few studies have evaluated an individualized home-based exercise prescription during and after cancer treatment.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of a home-based exercise training intervention, the Pro-self Fatigue Control Program on the management of cancer-related fatigue.

Interventions/methods: Participants (N = 119) were randomized into 1 of 3 groups: group 1 received the exercise prescription throughout the study; group 2 received their exercise prescription after completing cancer treatment; and group 3 received usual care.

Interunit and intraunit reliability of the RT3 triaxial accelerometer.

Background: Interest in the quantification of physical activity is on the rise. Triaxial accelerometry has frequently been used; however, research on the reliability of these devices is limited. We examine the interunit and intraunit reliability of 22 RT3 triaxial accelerometers using a performance-documented laboratory agitator.

Health-related fitness and physical activity in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.

Unlabelled: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has been referred to as the hepatic manifestation of the metabolic syndrome. There is a lower prevalence of metabolic syndrome in individuals with higher health-related fitness (HRF) and physical activity (PA) participation. The relationship between NAFLD severity and HRF or PA is unknown.

The comprehensive assessment of physical fitness in children following kidney and liver transplantation.

Background: Pediatric organ transplant recipients may have elevated cardiovascular (CV) risk. Low cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) may contribute to CV risk; however, studies of CRF in children following kidney transplantation (KTx) and liver transplantation (LTx) are limited.

Methods: Laboratory testing included assessment of CRF (VO2peak), muscle strength, and body composition (%fat).

Effects of resistance exercise training and nandrolone decanoate on body composition and muscle function among patients who receive hemodialysis: A randomized, controlled trial.

Patients who are on hemodialysis commonly experience muscle wasting and weakness, which have a negative effect on physical functioning and quality of life. The objective of this study was to determine whether anabolic steroid administration and resistance exercise training induce anabolic effects among patients who receive maintenance hemodialysis. A randomized 2 x 2 factorial trial of anabolic steroid administration and resistance exercise training was conducted in 79 patients who were receiving maintenance hemodialysis at University of California, San Francisco-affiliated dialysis units.

Objective measures of health-related quality of life over 24 months post-liver transplantation.

Many studies have reported improved health-related quality of life (HRQoL) from pre- to immediate post-orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT). However, few studies have evaluated longitudinal changes over the first 2 yr post-OLT and none have simultaneously examined objective measures of health-related fitness. A total of 50 OLT recipients (32 males,18 females; 51.

Effects of exercise training on coronary heart disease risk factors in renal transplant recipients.

Background: Multiple risk-factor interventions that include lifestyle changes have been proved to be effective in reducing risk profile in persons at high risk for developing coronary heart disease (CHD). There have not been similar studies involving transplant recipients. The purpose of this study is to examine effects of exercise training on cardiovascular risk profile during the first year after renal transplantation.

Health-related fitness and quality of life following steroid withdrawal in renal transplant recipients.

Background: Exercise capacity increases significantly soon after transplantation; however, over time it does not further improve and patients remain low compared to normal levels. The limitations to exercise following transplantation have not been identified, but may be related to immunosuppression therapy regimens that include prednisone.

Methods: We studied health-related fitness measures (cardiorespiratory fitness, muscle strength, and body composition) and quality of life in renal transplant recipients randomized into two groups: those using standard maintenance immunosuppression, including prednisone therapy (N = 14); and those undergoing rapid withdrawal of steroids using Simulect[interleukin-2 (IL-2) receptor inhibitor] (N = 9).

A randomized trial of exercise training after renal transplantation.

Background: Significant health benefits result from regular physical activity, many which are important for transplant recipients. Although exercise capacity improves initially after transplant, it is not normalized, and only two studies have reported the effects of exercise training in this population. We report a randomized clinical trial of exercise after renal transplantation (RTX).