Effects of posterior distraction forces on anterior column intradiscal pressure in the dual growing rod technique.

Background: Little evidence is available addressing biomechanical properties of posterior distraction forces and their effects on anterior spinal column in the growing rod technique. The question is often asked if posterior distraction forces may be kyphogenic. The goal of this study is to determine whether posterior distraction forces transmitted anteriorly through different foundation constructs (i.

Safety and efficacy of growing rod technique for pediatric congenital spinal deformities.

Background: Growing rod surgery is a modern alternative treatment for young children with early onset scoliosis. This is the first study focused on its use in progressive congenital spinal deformities.

Methods: A retrospective study of 19 patients from the international multicenter Growing Spine Study Group with progressive congenital spinal deformities undergoing growing rod surgery who had a minimum of 2 years follow-up.

Growing rods for spinal deformity: characterizing consensus and variation in current use.

Summary Of Background Data: Growing rods are a commonly used form of growth guidance for patients with early onset scoliosis, but no studies exist to characterize their use among a large group of surgeons.

Methods: A survey regarding growing rod use preferences and a case-based survey regarding early onset scoliosis were completed by an international group of surgeons. Two hundred and sixty-five growing rod patients treated over 4.

Dual growing rod technique followed for three to eleven years until final fusion: the effect of frequency of lengthening.

Study Design: Retrospective case review of children completing dual growing rod treatment at our institutions. Patients had a minimum of 2 years follow-up.

Objective: To identify the factors influencing dual growing rod treatment outcome followed to final fusion.

Biomechanical comparison of different anchors (foundations) for the pediatric dual growing rod technique.

Background Context: Children with early onset scoliosis benefit from early operative treatment with dual growing rods as they provide an "internal brace" for the spine and allow curve correction and sequential lengthenings to maximize thoracic cage development. The foundations that provide anchor points for the dual growing rods may incorporate hooks, screws, or a hybrid construct. It is unclear how stable different types of foundation constructs are with regard to pullout.

Comparison of single and dual growing rod techniques followed through definitive surgery: a preliminary study.

Study Design: Retrospective analysis of patients treated with single and dual growing rods who had completed their course of treatment, had definitive fusion, and had a minimum of 2 years follow-up.

Objectives: To determine which technique was the most effective in the management of severe spinal deformity in young children: control of the spinal deformity, spinal growth, and the incidence of complications.

Summary Of Background Data: Growing rod techniques provide proximal and distal segmental "claw" foundations, but their overall results through definitive fusion have not been clearly determined.