Case Series of COVID-19 Asymptomatic Newborns With Possible Intrapartum Transmission of SARS-CoV-2.

Despite the pandemic, data are limited regarding COVID-19 infection in pregnant women and newborns. This report aimed to bring new information about presentation that could modify precautionary measures for infants born of mothers with a remote history of COVID-19. We report two infants with possible maternofetal transmission, and four mothers without immunologic reactions.

Impact of Maternal Nutrition and Perinatal Factors on Breast Milk Composition after Premature Delivery.

(1) Background: Premature infants require mothers' milk fortification to meet nutrition needs, but breast milk composition may be variable, leading to the risk of inadequate nutrition. We aimed at determining the factors influencing mothers' milk macronutrients. (2) Methods: Milk samples were analyzed for the first five weeks after premature delivery by infrared spectroscopy.

Increased albuminuria in 4-year-old preterm-born children with normal height.

Objective: To determine risk factors for high blood pressure (BP), increased markers of glomerulosclerosis, and tubular dysfunction in 4-year-old preterm-born children.

Study Design: The study group was a longitudinal cohort of 119 children with BP, albuminuria, and β2 microglobulin measurements obtained during the neonatal period and at age 4 years.

Results: Systolic BP was >95(th) percentile in 15 (12.

Predictive value of skin prick tests using recombinant allergens for diagnosis of peanut allergy.

Background: Current diagnosis of peanut allergy relies on natural extracts that lack standardization. Recombinant DNA technology allows production of pure biochemically characterized proteins. Their usefulness for peanut allergy diagnosis is not established.

Anaphylactic shock: a form of distributive shock without inhibition of oxygen consumption.

Background: The pathophysiology of anaphylactic shock during anesthesia is incompletely characterized. It is described as distributive by analogy with septic shock (anaerobic metabolism, high tissue oxygen pressure [Ptio2] values). The Ptio2 profile and its metabolic consequences during anaphylaxis are not known.

Relation between muscle Na+K+ ATPase activity and raised lactate concentrations in septic shock: a prospective study.

Background: Hyperlactataemia during septic shock is often viewed as evidence of tissue hypoxia. However, this blood disorder is not usually correlated with indicators of perfusion or diminished with increased oxygen delivery. Muscles can generate lactate under aerobic conditions in a process linking glycolytic ATP supply to stimulation of Na+K+ ATPase.

Early inhaled nitric oxide improves oxidative balance in very preterm infants.

Inhaled nitric oxide (iNO) improves oxygenation in premature infants, but concern has been raised about its potential oxidative toxicity. We designed this study to assess the oxidative balance in premature infants who were exposed to low dose iNO and the relationship with their clinical outcome on day 28 of life. A total of 274 infants who were <32 wk gestation were randomized at birth to receive 5 ppm of iNO if they presented with hypoxemic respiratory failure.

T cell-mediated reactions to iodinated contrast media: evaluation by skin and lymphocyte activation tests.

Background: In addition to immediate reactions, late adverse reactions to iodinated contrast media (ICM) were reported in 2% to 5% of patients exposed to ICM and, as a consequence, have recently gained more attention. A few well-documented case reports postulate a hypersensitivity mechanism.

Objective: The aim of this study is to demonstrate a T cell-mediated mechanism to the ICM by using in vitro and ex vivo tests.

Low-flow ischaemia has no deleterious effect on the steady-state kinetics of 201Tl and 99mTc sestamibi within myocardial tissue.

Objectives: This study aimed to specifically analyse the impact of low-flow ischaemia on the ability of myocytes to trap and accumulate Tl and sestamibi (MIBI) within myocardial tissue.

Methods: In order to reach steady-state conditions for the interstitial/cellular concentration ratios (Ci/Cc) of the tracers and thereby simulate the conditions of cell cultures studies, Tl and MIBI were injected continuously during an 80 min period within the coronary circulation of isolated hearts submitted to normoxia (n=7) or low-flow ischaemia (n=7; >50% reduction in coronary flow). Ci was determined by using interstitial microdialysis and Cc was determined from Ci and myocardial retention values of the tracers.

Accuracy of an electrochemical sensor for measuring capillary blood ketones by fingerstick samples during metabolic deterioration after continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion interruption in type 1 diabetic patients.

Objective: This study was designed to test the accuracy of capillary ketonemia for diagnosis of ketosis after interruption of insulin infusion.

Research Design And Methods: A total of 18 patients with type 1 diabetes treated by external pump were studied during pump stop for 5 h. Plasma and capillary ketonemia and ketonuria were determined every hour from 7:00 A.

Effects of epinephrine and norepinephrine on hemodynamics, oxidative metabolism, and organ energetics in endotoxemic rats.

Objective: To determine whether epinephrine increases lactate concentration in sepsis through hypoxia or through a particular thermogenic or metabolic pathway.

Design: Prospective, controlled experimental study in rats.

Setting: Experimental laboratory in a university teaching hospital.

Effects of androgen-binding protein (ABP) on spermatid Tnp1 gene expression in vitro.

In vitro studies were designed to determine whether Sertoli cell-delivered ABP could act on spermatogenetic events, whether such an action could occur via a paracrine or a juxtacrine pathway and whether sex steroids could be involved in this action. ABP delivery to germ cells was achieved using an in vitro model based on recombinant rat ABP-producing mouse Sertoli cells cocultivated with rat spermatids. Using semi-quantitative RT-PCR, the expression of the Tnp 1 gene encoding the Transition Protein 1, involved in the histone to protamine replacement during spermatid nuclear transformation, was analyzed.

Induction of MnSOD gene by arachidonic acid is mediated by reactive oxygen species and p38 MAPK signaling pathway in human HepG2 hepatoma cells.

Metabolism of arachidonic acid (AA) is known to induce in different cell types an oxidative stress via the production of reactive oxygen species. As these latter may be scavenged by antioxidant enzymes as manganese and copper/zinc-dependent superoxide dismutase (MnSOD and Cu/ZnSOD, respectively), we investigated the effects of AA on their expression in human HepG2 hepatoma cells. RT-PCR and Western blot data revealed that AA induced an increase in the MnSOD, but not Cu/ZnSOD, expression at the mRNA and protein levels, respectively.