The SPOT GRADE: A New Method for Reproducibly Quantifying Surgical Wound Bleeding.

Study Design: Benchtop model with prospective surgeon video testing.

Objective: To create a surface bleeding severity scale, the SPOT GRADE (SG), for quantitative assessment of target bleeding site (TBS) blood loss. This is of particular interest for spinal surgery due to epidural bleeding and an inability to use diathermy and radiofrequency cautery close to nerve roots.

Nanofibrous clinical-grade collagen scaffolds seeded with human cardiomyocytes induces cardiac remodeling in dilated cardiomyopathy.

Limited data are available on the effects of stem cells in non-ischemic dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM). Since the diffuse nature of the disease calls for a broad distribution of cells, this study investigated the scaffold-based delivery of human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (hiPS-CM) in a mouse model of DCM. Nanofibrous scaffolds were produced using a clinical grade atelocollagen which was electrospun and cross-linked under different conditions.

In vivo biodegradability and biocompatibility of porcine type I atelocollagen newly crosslinked by oxidized glycogen.

Oxidized glycogen is used as a collagen crosslinker to prepare materials with defined crosslinking rates. Thus, films are prepared from native or denatured porcine type I atelocollagen crosslinked with three crosslinking levels defined by the ratios between the aldehyde groups of the glycogen and the amino groups of the collagen. The remaining free aldehyde groups and the imine bonds formed in the reaction are subsequently reduced or not.