Association between molar-incisor hypomineralisation and dental anomalies.

Background: Common etiological factors have been reported in the development of molar-incisor hypomineralisation (MIH) and dental anomalies (DA).

Aim: To assess the association between MIH and DAs.

Design: A cross-sectional study was performed to evaluate the presence of MIH and other six DAs in a sample of 415 pretreatment records from patients aged 9-18 years.

Evaluation of Mandibular Projection in Class II Division 2 Subjects Following Orthodontic Treatment Using Clear Aligners.

Aim: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the mandibular growth and/or projection following maxillary incisor proclination, overbite correction, and maxillary dentoalveolar expansion without the use of any class II mechanics, in growing class II division 2 patients treated with clear aligners.

Materials And Methods: Before and after treatment cone-beam computed tomographic (CBCT) generated lateral and posteroanterior cephalograms of thirty-two patients with skeletal class II division 2, 16 in the treatment group and 16 in the untreated group, were reviewed to evaluate treatment-related changes. Upper incisors were proclined and protruded, as well as upper arch expansion and overbite correction were performed as part of their regular treatment.

Why orthodontists need to know about molar incisor hypomineralization.

Molar incisor hypomineralization (MIH) is a systemic developmental qualitative defect of the enamel that affects 1-4 first permanent molars with or without incisor involvement. Enamel hypomineralization is identified visually as a demarcated opacity with a clear border with varying extensions and can be white, yellow, or brown. This opacity is characterized by a reduced quality of enamel that is of normal thickness but not fully mineralized.

American Board of Orthodontics (ABO) Discrepancy Index and peer assessment rating (PAR) index with models versus photographs.

Background: The objectives of this study were to determine whether rating systems, such as the Peer Assessment Rating (PAR) and the American Board of Orthodontics Objective Grading System (ABO-OGS) can be applied to intraoral photographs.

Methods: Models and photographs of 50 cases were graded by 4 raters, and a 20% repeat of randomized cases was completed 2 weeks later. Intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) were used to assess inter- and intra-rater agreements, as well as the level of agreement between the ratings on models and photographs.

The 100 most-cited articles in orthodontic journals in the last 20 years.

Introduction: This study aimed to identify and analyze the 100 most-cited articles published in orthodontic scientific journals in the past 21 years.

Methods: The research was conducted in the Thomson Reuters Web of Science data citation index, considering articles from 2000 to 2020 and the category of dentistry, oral surgery, and medicine. Information about the number of citations, citations per year, title, authors, year of publication, the title of scientific journals, type of study, keywords, and thematic field were extracted for each article.

The role of thyroid hormone in metabolism and metabolic syndrome.

Metabolic syndrome (MetS) and thyroid dysfunction are common in clinical practice. The objectives of this review are to discuss some proposed mechanisms by which thyroid dysfunctions may lead to MetS, to describe the bidirectional relationship between thyroid hormones (THs) and adiposity and finally, to resume a list of recent studies in humans that evaluated possible associations between thyroid hormone status and MetS or its clinical components. Not solely THs, but also its metabolites regulate metabolic rate, influencing adiposity.

Comparison of early and conventional autogenous secondary alveolar bone graft in children with cleft lip and palate: A systematic review.

Purpose: The literature is scarce on studies comparing secondary alveolar bone graft (SABG) performed early at approximately 5-6 years and at the conventional time at 9-11 years. This systematic literature review(SLR) aimed to compare clinical outcomes after two different timings of SABG in children with unilateral and bilateral cleft lip and palate.

Methods: The inclusion criteria were autogenous iliac grafts and the following study designs: case control, cohort, clinical controlled trial (CCT), randomized CCT (RCCT), and previous SLRs.

Effects of Metformin on TSH Levels and Benign Nodular Goiter Volume in Patients Without Insulin Resistance or Iodine Insufficiency.

To evaluate the impact of metformin (MTF) use on TSH levels, thyroid volume and volume of benign thyroid nodules (TNs). Additionally, to study if iodine status influences the outcomes. A total of 23 euthyroid patients (42 TNs) with benign thyroid nodules, diagnosed by fine needle aspiration biopsy, were randomly assigned to MTF or placebo (P) use for 6 months.

Can shielded brackets reduce mucosa alteration and increase comfort perception in orthodontic patients in the first 3 days of treatment? A single-blind randomized controlled trial.

Introduction: Orthodontic patients can experience pain and discomfort on the oral mucosa from trauma caused by friction with the brackets and the wires. In this split-mouth design, single-blind randomized controlled trial, we aimed to investigate whether brackets with a self-snapping customized plastic shield would induce less mucosa alteration and discomfort than those without the shield.

Methods: The overall sample comprised 42 patients (22 female, 20 male) from a government-funded orthodontic practice, with a mean age of 16.

Association between tooth size and interarch relationships in children with operated complete unilateral cleft lip and palate.

Background: To evaluate mesiodistal tooth width of patients with UCLP comparing tooth size in different Goslon Yardstick scores and between cleft and noncleft sides.

Methods: The Department of Orthodontics at Bauru Dental School and Hospital of Rehabilitation of Craniofacial Anomalies - University of Sao Paulo. Hundred forty-four pairs of dental casts of patients with UCLP.

Immediate periodontal bone plate changes induced by rapid maxillary expansion in the early mixed dentition: CT findings.

Objective: This study aimed at evaluating buccal and lingual bone plate changes caused by rapid maxillary expansion (RME) in the mixed dentition by means of computed tomography (CT).

Methods: The sample comprised spiral CT exams taken from 22 mixed dentition patients from 6 to 9 years of age (mean age of 8.1 years) presenting constricted maxillary arch treated with Haas-type expanders.

Comparison of friction produced by two types of orthodontic bracket protectors.

Introduction: Fixed orthodontic appliances have been regarded as a common causative factor of oral lesions. To manage soft tissue discomfort, most orthodontists recommend using a small amount of utility wax over the brackets in order to alleviate trauma. This in vitro study aimed at evaluating friction generated by two types of bracket protectors (customized acetate protector [CAP] and temporary resin protector [TRP]) during the initial stages of orthodontic treatment.

Stability of Class II treatment with the Bionator followed by fixed appliances.

Objective: This prospective study assessed the stability of Class II treatment with the Bionator, followed by fixed appliances, 10 years after treatment.

Material And Methods: The experimental group comprised 23 patients of both sexes (10 boys, 13 girls) at a mean initial age of 11.74 years (late mixed or early permanent dentitions), treated for a mean period of 3.

Complications of misdiagnosis of maxillary canine ectopic eruption.

Ectopic eruption of maxillary canines can be associated with root resorption of adjacent teeth. This case report describes and discusses an interesting case of a 15-year-old girl with a Class III malocclusion and an impacted maxillary canine. Because of the unfavorable position of the ectopic canine and the severe root resorption of the maxillary left central and lateral incisors, the treatment options included extraction of the maxillary permanent canines.

Randomized clinical controlled trial on the effectiveness of conventional and orthodontic manual toothbrushes.

The objective of this study was to compare the effectiveness of two manual toothbrushes (conventional and orthodontic). The following clinical parameters were used: VPI (visible plaque index) and GBI (gingival bleeding index). Patients, 64 total (30 males and 34 females), in the permanent dentition, with a mean age of 17.

Orthodontic movement of a maxillary incisor through the midpalatal suture: a case report.

Orthodontic space closure is a treatment alternative when a maxillary central incisor is missing. The objective of this report was to present an unusual treatment in which a right maxillary central incisor was moved through the midpalatal suture to replace the absent contralateral tooth. The biologic aspects and clinical appearance of the recontoured lateral and central incisors were analyzed.

Immobilization of primary cultures of insulin-releasing human pancreatic cells.

Transplantation of pancreatic islets isolated from organ donors constitutes a promising alternative treatment for type1 Diabetes, however, it is severely limited by the shortage of organ donors. Ex-vivo islet cell cultures appear as an attractive but still elusive approach for curing type 1 Diabetes. It has recently been shown that, even in the absence of fibrotic overgrowth, several factors, such as insufficient nutrition of the islet core, represent a major barrier for long-term survival of islets grafts.