[Hamman's syndrome in SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia].

Hamman's syndrome, or spontaneous pneumomediastinum, is the presence of air in the mediastinum without a history of previous pulmonary pathology, chest trauma or iatrogenesis. It has been described as a rare complication in patients with COVID-19 pneumonia. It is postulated that an increase in airway pressure associated with diffuse alveolar damage caused by the virus produces an air leak into the mediastinum.

[Pulmonary alveolar proteinosis].

Pulmonary alveolar proteinosis (PAP) is a rare, diffuse pulmonary disease due to abnormal surfactant homeostasis. We present the case of a 69-year-old woman who was admitted to the hospital for progressive dyspnea with marked limitation in activity, and non-productive cough, of three months of evolution. Type I respiratory failure was confirmed.

[Dermatomyositis associated with anti-MDA5 autoantibody].

Dematomyositis is an idiopathic inflammatory myopathy with a variable clinical spectrum. In recent years, a number of myositis-specific antibodies have been identified including anti-MDA5, which is us eful for diagnosis, prognosis and classification of the diverse clinical forms of the disease. This antibody is associated with cutaneous ulcers, rapidly progressive interstitial lung disease, early mortality and poor prognosis, so the detection of this antibody in a suitable clinical context, raises the need for an aggressive immunosuppressive treatment.

[Clinical manifestations of organizing pneumonia].

Organizing pneumonia is a clinical entity asociated with nonspecific symptoms and radiological findings and abnormalities in pulmonary function tests. It is defined by the characteristic histopathological pattern: filling of alveoli and respiratory bronchioles by plugs of granulation tissue. It can be idiopathic (COP) or secondary to other causes (SOP).

Blunted Hypercapnic Respiratory Drive Response in Subjects With Late-Onset Pompe Disease.

Background: Patients with late-onset Pompe disease develop progressive hypercapnic respiratory failure that can be disproportionate to the respiratory muscle compromise and/or thoracic restriction. Although recent studies have reported the presence of a blunted hypercapnic respiratory response in some subjects with neuromuscular disorders and chronic hypercapnia, no study has evaluated the integrity of the respiratory drive in subjects with late-onset Pompe disease. Thus, we endeavor to determine the CO2 rebreathing response in subjects with late-onset Pompe disease.

[Thymic neuroendocrine carcinoma with Pompe's disease of the adult].

Pompe disease (glycogenosis type II) is an inherited autosomal recessive lysosomal storage disease caused by a deficiency of acid alpha-glucosidase. Thymic neuroendocrine tumors, are primary thymic neoplasms with neuroendocrine differentiation that generally present as a mass within the anterior mediastinum. Both diseases are considered rare.

[Intrathoracic schwannoma].

The schwannoma (neurilemmoma) is a slow-growing benign tumor originating from Schwann sheath whose location in the chest cavity is exceptional. It is generally asymptomatic and is discovered incidentally but can cause symptoms when the lesion grows or invade underlying structures. Its importance lies in the possibility of confusion with malignant tumors.

[Analysis of factors associated with chronic hypercapnia in patients with myotonic dystrophy].

Myotonic dystrophy (DM) is the most common dystrophy in adults. Several factors may explain the chronic CO2 retention. The selection of patients, different clinical stages and evaluation forms may explain the differing results obtained.

Burden of influenza in Latin America and the Caribbean: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objective: Influenza causes severe morbidity and mortality. This systematic review aimed to assess the incidence, etiology, and resource usage for influenza in Latin America and the Caribbean.

Design: Meta-analytic systematic review.

Epidemiology of community-acquired pneumonia in children of Latin America and the Caribbean: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: This systematic review evaluated the incidence, etiology, and use of resources in bacterial, non-tuberculosis community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) in immune-competent children aged <5 years.

Methods: Systematic searches (1980-2008) were performed using MEDLINE, Cochrane Library, EMBASE, LILACS, generic, and academic Internet searches. Regional health ministries, the Pan American Health Organization (PAHO), regional proceedings, doctoral theses, and the reference lists of included studies were also searched, and experts were consulted.

Burden and typing of rotavirus group A in Latin America and the Caribbean: systematic review and meta-analysis.

The efficacy of licensed rotavirus vaccines has only been shown against certain rotavirus group A (RV-A) types. It is critical to understand the burden of rotavirus gastroenteritis (RVGE) and its prevalent types to assess the potential impact of these vaccines in Latin America and the Caribbean (LA&C). We performed a systematic review and meta-analyses of all the available evidence reported from 1990 to 2009 on the burden of rotavirus disease and strains circulating in LA&C.

Nosocomial Acinetobacter pneumonia.

Acinetobacter spp. (A. baumannii is the prevalent genomic species, but others may cause infection) has become an increasingly important cause of nosocomial pneumonia, particularly in mechanically ventilated patients (VAP).

[Pneumonia due to Legionella pneumophila. Experience gathered in a University Hospital in Buenos Aires].

Legionnaires' disease is a well recognized cause of community acquired pneumonia (CAP) all around the world. In Latin America its incidence remains unknown. This study analyzed a cohort of 9 patients with CAP due to Legionella pneumophila observed from 1997 to 2001, in the Hospital de Clínicas José de San Martin, University of Buenos Aires.