Relative Body Mass Index Improves the BMI Percentile Performance for Detection and Monitoring of Excess Adiposity in Adolescents.

Obesity is defined as excess adipose tissue; however, commonly used methods may under-detect adiposity in adolescents. This study compared the performance of body mass index percentile (BMI%) and relative body mass index (RBMI) in identifying excess body fat percentage (BF%) and estimated RBMI cut points to better stratify severity of adiposity. In 567 adolescents ages 11-19 year, BF% measured by DXA was used to compare BMI% and RBMI performance at different degrees of adiposity.

An Online COVID-19 Simulation to Explore Interprofessional Collaboration and Foster Systems Leadership Competencies in Doctor of Nursing Practice Students.

Organizational and systems leadership, a competency for doctor of nursing practice students, encompasses the evaluation of care delivery systems, accountable care of populations, and resolution of ethical dilemmas. Faculty created an online simulation in which students developed a management proposal for an impending pandemic. All students agreed or strongly agreed that the simulation increased their skills in systems-based thinking, increased their knowledge of others' roles and responsibilities in addressing health care crises, and enabled them to balance ethical considerations and societal interests.

Bedside shift report: Nurses opinions based on their experiences.

Background: Nurse bedside shift report (BSR) improves satisfaction, quality and safety. Yet, postimplementation adoption rates remain low in hospitals where BSR has been introduced. Further research is needed to understand what content is most appropriate to discuss during BSR and what facilitators are from the clinical nurses' perspective.

Depressive Symptoms, Body Mass Index, and Physical Activity Self-Efficacy in African American Children.

In recent decades, the prevalence of childhood depression and obesity has increased worldwide. African American (AA) children are more obese than White peers and experience many factors that can influence the onset of depressive symptoms. While depression and obesity have been examined in adolescents, there is a paucity of research in AA children.

Male Caregivers of Persons with End Stage Renal Disease: A Qualitative Study.

This study explored experiences associated with burden, depressive symptoms, and perceived health in six male caregivers of persons with end stage renal disease (ESRD) using qualitative interviews. Analysis employed open coding and analysis to generate codes and categories. Eighty-three percent of the participants reported significant subjective and objective burden.

Male Caregivers of Persons with End Stage Renal Disease: A Literature Review.

This literature review examined burden, depressive symptoms, and perceived health reported by male caregivers of persons with end stage renal disease. These studies suggest that male caregivers often experience negative outcomes. Compared to non-caregivers, male caregivers had higher levels of anxiety and depressive symptoms.

A Summer Prematriculation Program: Bridging the Gap for Disadvantaged Underrepresented Minority Students Interested in a Nursing Career.

Background: The nursing and health care workforce needs diverse clinicians who can provide culturally competent and high-quality care to an increasingly diverse U.S.

Population: Achieving this goal requires creating learning environments that foster the success of disadvantaged underrepresented minority (URM) students seeking nursing careers.

Promoting Success of Ethnic Minority and Male Students in an Accelerated, Entry-Level Master of Nursing Program: The SUSTAIN Program.

Background: Diverse health care workers are essential to meet the needs of a diverse U.S.

Population: Ethnic minorities and men are frequently underrepresented in the nursing profession and within schools of nursing.

Preliminary findings of the relationship of lower heart rate variability with military sexual trauma and presumed posttraumatic stress disorder.

Decreased heart rate variability (HRV) occurs with physical and psychological disorders and is a predictor of cardiac and all-cause mortality. This study was the first of which we are aware to examine and report the relationship between military sexual trauma (MST) and HRV measures. In a historical cohort study of female veterans with (n = 27) and without (n = 99) MST who received Holter and electrocardiogram evaluation at a Veteran Affairs medical center during 2007-2010, we examined the relationship between MST and the standard deviation of all R-R intervals (SDNN) and the square root of the mean of the sum of the squares of differences between adjacent R-R intervals (RMSSD).

Characterizing dietary intake and physical activity affecting weight gain in kidney transplant recipients.

Context: Weight gain after kidney transplantation affects 50% to 90% of kidney transplant recipients. Factors leading to weight gain in recipients are thought to include a change in lifestyle (eg, dietary intake and physical activity), age, race, sex, and immunosuppressant medications.

Objective: To examine dietary intake and physical activity of kidney transplant recipients at baseline and 3 and 6 months after transplantation to identify contributing factors to weight gain.

Prediabetes and blood pressure effects on heart rate variability, QT-interval duration, and left ventricular hypertrophy in overweight-obese adolescents.

This ancillary, descriptive correlational study examined the effect of glucose regulation, blood pressure (BP), and their combined effects on cardiac autonomic function in 128 overweight-obese 11-18-year-olds. Measures included body mass index, resting BP, fasting glucose, glucose tolerance, and cardiac autonomic function (heart rate variability, QT, and Cornell voltage). After adjusting for age and gender, multivariate analysis of covariance revealed no differences in cardiac autonomic measures based on glucose regulation (p = .

Effect of obesity on cardiovascular disease risk factors in African American women.

Obesity is a growing health care concern with implications for cardiovascular disease (CVD). Obesity and CVD morbidity and mortality are highly prevalent among African American women. This pilot study examined the association between obesity and the traditional and emerging CVD risk factors in a sample of African American women.

A pilot study of QT interval analysis in overweight and obese youth.

This descriptive pilot study examined if manual corrected QT (QTc) interval measures obtained from a standard 12-lead electrocardiogram (ECG) correlated with automated 24-hour ambulatory Holter QTc measures in 30 overweight and obese youth aged 12-17 years. In addition, we sought to determine if a significant difference existed between the means of manual 12-lead ECG versus automated 24-hour ambulatory Holter measures. Spearman's rho correlation coefficient revealed there was little if any correlation between manual 12-lead ECG and automated 24-hour ambulatory Holter QTc measures (r = .

Calcium intake and body composition in African-American children and adolescents at risk for overweight and obesity.

This study examined the role of calcium intake on body composition in 186 African-American adolescents at risk for overweight and obesity. The average weight of 89.8 kg ± 23.

The prevalence of impaired glucose metabolism in Hispanics with two or more risk factors for metabolic syndrome in the primary care setting.

Purpose: The purposes of this observational prospective study were (a) to identify the prevalence of undiagnosed impaired glucose metabolism (IGM) including impaired fasting glucose (IFG), impaired glucose tolerance (IGT), and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in 55 Hispanic subjects with two or more risk factors for the metabolic syndrome, (b) to examine the association between glucose metabolism and cardiometabolic risk factors (CMRF), including metabolic syndrome components, and (c) to identify predictors of IGM.

Data Sources: Subjects underwent a physical examination and a 2-h 75-g oral glucose tolerance test. Data were analyzed using SAS v9.

Perceived barriers and facilitators to physical activity in kidney transplant recipients.

Background: Relatively few transplant recipients participate in regular physical activity. There is a paucity of information regarding barriers and facilitators to physical activity in kidney transplant recipients.

Objective: To investigate factors that transplant recipients perceive as barriers and facilitators to physical activity and whether these barriers and facilitators differ on the basis of transplant patients' reported level of physical activity.

Racial disparity in glucagon-like peptide 1 and inflammation markers among severely obese adolescents.

Objective: Compared with Caucasians, obese African-American adolescents have a higher risk for type 2 diabetes. Subclinical inflammation and reduced glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) concentration are linked to the pathogenesis of the disease. We determined the relationship between insulin resistance, beta-cell activity, and subclinical inflammation with GLP-1 concentrations and whether racial disparities in GLP-1 response were present in 49 obese adolescents (14 +/- 3 years; 76% African American; 71% female).

Obesity and cardiometabolic syndrome in children.

The cardiometabolic syndrome is highly prevalent among overweight youth. The risk of developing the cardiometabolic syndrome is likely triggered or exacerbated by concurrent obesity, unhealthy lifestyle/eating habits, and hormonal changes (puberty). Current screening recommendations include measurement of blood pressure, fasting insulin and glucose, and total cholesterol.

Effects of lifestyle intervention and metformin on weight management and markers of metabolic syndrome in obese adolescents.

Purpose: The purposes of this study are threefold: to determine what components of the metabolic syndrome are present in obese adolescents, to determine what differences exist in the effects of lifestyle intervention versus lifestyle intervention plus metformin on weight management and select markers of metabolic syndrome in obese adolescents, and to determine which factors predict weight loss in obese adolescents treated with lifestyle changes and metformin.

Data Sources: The study was a secondary data analysis utilizing a retrospective chart review of 63 obese adolescents aged 11 through 18 who were treated for obesity at the LeBonheur Youth Lifestyle Clinic from January 1, 2000, through June 30, 2005. Lifestyle interventions included diet, exercise, and counseling.

Changes in weight during the first year after kidney transplantation.

Context: Obesity frequently occurs following kidney transplantation and is of concern because of the associated risk for cardiovascular complications.

Objective: To examine weight gain over the first year after kidney transplantation to determine associations with gender, ethnicity, and cardiovascular risk factors.

Design: A retrospective analysis was completed on patients who had received transplants between January 1998 and January 2002 and who had matching baseline and 1-year follow-up data and a functional graft.

Type 2 diabetes mellitus in children and adolescents: the new challenge.

The epidemic increase in the incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in children and adolescents is presenting enormous challenges to the medical profession. The combination of factors such as obesity, ethnicity, puberty, and genetic predisposition has contributed to the development of T2DM in younger ages. These factors affect the regulatory mechanism of insulin secretion, insulin action, and hepatic gluconeogenesis.