The Effects of COVID-19 Hospital Practices on Breastfeeding Initiation and Duration Postdischarge.

Early in the COVID-19 pandemic, many birth hospitals separated SARS-CoV-2-positive mothers from their newborn infants and advised against breastfeeding to decrease postnatal SARS-CoV-2 transmission. Information on how these practices impacted breastfeeding postdischarge is limited. In a statewide sample of SARS-CoV-2-positive mothers, we aimed to determine the extent to which (1) mother-infant separation and (2) a lack of breastfeeding initiation in-hospital were associated with breast milk feeding postdischarge.

Outcomes for Children With Pulmonary Hypertension Undergoing Tracheostomy Placement: A Multi-Institutional Analysis.

Objectives: To describe epidemiology, interventions, outcomes, and the health services experience for a cohort of children with pulmonary hypertension (PH) who underwent tracheostomy placement and to identify risk factors for inhospital mortality and 30-day readmissions.

Design: Retrospective cohort study of the Pediatric Health Information System database.

Setting: Thirty-seven freestanding U.

Association of Maternal Perinatal SARS-CoV-2 Infection With Neonatal Outcomes During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Massachusetts.

Importance: The incidence of mother-to-newborn SARS-CoV-2 transmission appears low and may be associated with biological and social factors. However, data are limited on the factors associated with neonatal clinical or viral testing outcomes.

Objective: To ascertain the percentage of neonates who were born to mothers with positive SARS-CoV-2 test results during the birth hospitalization, the clinical and sociodemographic factors associated with neonatal test result positivity, and the clinical and virological outcomes for newborns during hospitalization and 30 days after discharge.

Rehospitalization for childhood asthma: timing, variation, and opportunities for intervention.

Objective: To assess the timing of pediatric asthma rehospitalization, variation in rate of rehospitalization across hospitals, and factors associated with rehospitalization at different intervals.

Study Design: Retrospective cohort analysis of 44,204 hospitalizations for children with asthma within 42 children's hospitals between July 2008 and June 2011. The main outcome measures were rehospitalization for asthma within 7, 15, 30, 60, 180, and 365 days of an index asthma admission.

Variability in imaging utilization in U.S. pediatric hospitals.

Background: Use of medical imaging is under scrutiny because of rising costs and radiation exposure. We compare imaging utilization and costs across pediatric hospitals to determine their variability and potential determinants.

Materials And Methods: Data were extracted from the Pediatric Health Information System (PHIS) database for all inpatient encounters from 40 U.

Diagnostic errors in pediatric radiology.

Background: Little information is known about the frequency, types and causes of diagnostic errors in imaging children.

Objective: Our goals were to describe the patterns and potential etiologies of diagnostic error in our subspecialty.

Materials And Methods: We reviewed 265 cases with clinically significant diagnostic errors identified during a 10-year period.