Triple-oxygen isotopes of stony micrometeorites by secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS): Olivine, basaltic glass and iron oxide matrix effects for sensitive high-mass resolution ion microprobe-stable isotope (SHRIMP-SI).

Rationale: Micrometeorites are extraterrestrial particles smaller than ~2 mm in diameter, most of which melted during atmospheric entry and crystallised or quenched to form 'cosmic spherules'. Their parentage among meteorite groups can be inferred from triple-oxygen isotope compositions, for example, by secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS). This method uses sample efficiently, preserving spherules for other investigations.

Hospital mortality and length of stay associated with positive blood cultures: a multicenter analysis.

Delayed time to antimicrobial susceptibility results can impact patients' outcomes. Our study evaluated the impact of susceptibility turnaround time (TAT) and inadequate empiric antibacterial therapy (IET) in patients with bloodstream infections (BSI) caused by (ENT) species on in-hospital mortality and length of stay (LOS). This retrospective, multicenter investigation which included 29,570 blood ENT-positive admissions across 161 US healthcare facilities evaluated the association between antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST) TAT, carbapenem susceptibility, and empiric therapy on post-BSI in-hospital mortality and LOS following an ENT BSI event in adult patients.

The Potential Role of Aripiprazole Augmentation for Major Depressive Disorder with Anxious Distress in Naturalistic Treatment Setting.

Objective: : This study tried to observe clinical benefit of aripiprazole augmentation (ARPA) treatment for major depressive disorder with anxious distress (MDDA) in routine practice.

Methods: : Retrospective chart review (n = 41) was conducted for clinical benefit of ARPA in patients with MDDA in routine practice. The primary endpoint was the mean change of Hamilton Anxiety Rating scale (HAMA) total scores from baseline to the endpoint.

Effect of Frailty on Depression among Patients with Late-life Depression: A Test of Anger, Anxiety, and Resilience as Mediators.

Objective: While the association between depression and frailty in the elderly population has been investigated, the psychological factors that mediate such a relationship remain unknown. The identification of psychological factors in interventions for depression treatment in the elderly may assist in the treatment and care. We aimed to explore the mediating effects of anger, anxiety, and resilience on the link between frailty and depression symptoms in patients with late-life depression.

Hospital-onset bacteremia: clinical and regulatory ramifications.

Tweetable abstract Read the commentary by @Kalvin_Yu_MD and Anuprita Patkar, PhD on the higher risk mortality, LOS and cost of hospital-onset bacteremia (HOB), and the implications of a regulatory HOB quality metric for patient care, clinical workflows and hospital administration #PatientSafety #QualityMetric.

Introduction to Techniques Used to Study Mosquito Neuroanatomy and Neural Circuitry.

Mosquitoes transmit deadly pathogens from person to person as they obtain the blood meal that is essential for their life cycle. Female mosquitoes of many species are unable to reproduce without consuming protein that they obtain from blood. This developmental stage makes them highly efficient disease vectors of deadly pathogens.

Additional Clinical Benefit of Agomelatine Treatment for Major Depressive Disorder in Naturalistic Treatment Setting.

Objective: This study tried to observe additional benefit of agomelatine (AGO) treatment for major depressive disorder (MDD) in routine practice.

Methods: Retrospective chart review (n = 63) was conducted for additional benefit of combination with or switching to AGO in MDD patients without full remission. The primary endpoint was the mean change of Clinical Global Impression-Clinical Benefit (CGI-CB) total scores from baseline to the endpoint.

Investigating the effectiveness of a smart mental health intervention (inMind) for stress reduction during pharmacological treatment for mild to moderate major depressive disorders: Study protocol for a randomized control trial.

Background: Although psychological interventions for stress relief, such as cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) and mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR), have been developed, they have not been widely used in treating depression. The use of mobile devices can increase the possibility of actual use by integrating interventions and reducing the difficulty and cost burden of treatment application. This study aims to determine whether "inMind," an integrated mobile application for stress reduction, developed for the general population, decreases stress for patients with mild to moderate major depressive disorder during the pharmacological treatment period.

Efficacy and Safety of Escitalopram, Desvenlafaxine, and Vortioxetine in the Acute Treatment of Anxious Depression: A Randomized Rater-blinded 6-week Clinical Trial.

Objective: Anxious depression is associated with greater chronicity, higher severity of symptoms, more severe functional impairment, and poor response to drug treatment. However, evidence for first-choice antidepressants in patients with anxious depression is limited. This study aimed to compare the efficacy and safety of escitalopram, desvenlafaxine, and vortioxetine in the acute treatment of anxious depression.

Rapastinel accelerates loss of withdrawal signs after repeated morphine and blunts relapse to conditioned place preference.

The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the efficacy of rapastinel, an allosteric modulator of NMDA receptor function, to accelerate the loss of opioid withdrawal symptoms and blunt or prevent relapse to morphine conditioned place preference (CPP) in rats. Two studies were conducted. In study 1, adult and adolescent male and female rats were treated with increasing doses of morphine (5 mg/kg, bid to 25 mg/kg bid) for 5 days.

Acute Efficacy and Safety of Escitalopram Versus Desvenlafaxine and Vortioxetine in the Treatment of Depression With Cognitive Complaint: A Rater-Blinded Randomized Comparative Study.

Objective: This study aimed to compare the efficacy and safety of escitalopram, vortioxetine, and desvenlafaxine for acute treatment of major depressive disorder (MDD) with cognitive complaint (CC).

Methods: A total of 129 patients with MDD who also complained of CC were randomized evenly to either escitalopram, vortioxetine, or desvenlafaxine group and underwent a multi-center, six-week, rater-blinded, and head-to-head comparative trial. Differences in depressive symptoms following treatment were measured using the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAMD) and the Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS).

SBIRT training: how do social work students compare to medical learners?

: SBIRT (Screening, Brief Intervention, and Referral to Treatment) is an effective early intervention approach for individuals with substance misuse. The purpose of this study was to determine if medical learners are more adept at learning a brief substance use intervention compared to non-medical learners (e.g.

Comparative Evaluation of the Effectiveness of Different Pain-alleviating Methods before Local Anesthetic Administration in Children of 6 to 12 Years of Age: A Clinical Study.

Background And Aim Of The Study: Pediatric patients are apprehensive regarding having dental treatment mainly because of painful local anesthetic (LA) injections. Various techniques like transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS), topical anesthetic agents, and vibrator device are introduced to reduce discomfort before LA administration. Therefore, the present study aimed to compare and evaluate the effectiveness of TENS, 2% lignocaine gel, eutectic mixture of lignocaine and prilocaine (EMLA), and vibrating device before LA injections in alleviating pain in pediatric patients.

Exploring Hidden Issues in the Use of Antipsychotic Polypharmacy in the Treatment of Schizophrenia.

The mainstay of schizophrenia treatment is pharmacological therapy using various antipsychotics including first- and second-generation antipsychotics which have different pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic property leading to differential presentation of adverse events (AEs) and treatment effects such as negative symptoms, cognitive symptoms and cormorbid symptoms. Major treatment guidelines suggest the use of antipsychotic monotherapy (APM) as a gold standard in the treatment of schizophrenia. However, the effects of APM is inadequate and less potent to achieve symptom remission as well as functional recovery in real practice which has been consistently reported in numerous controlled clinical trials, large practical trials, independent small studies and systematic reviews till today.

Consideration of Long-Acting Injectable Antipsychotics for Polypharmacy Regimen in the Treatment of Schizophrenia: Put It on the Table or Not?

Antipsychotic monotherapy (APM) is considered best-acceptable treatment option regardless of antipsychotic class and formulation types for treating schizophrenia. However, antipsychotic polypharmacy (APP) has been also widely utilized in routine clinical practice. Despite APP has some clinical benefits it has also numerous pitfalls in relation with increased total number and doses of APs leading to adverse events as well as decrease of treatment adherence and persistence resulting in poor clinical outcomes.

Additional Reduction of Residual Symptoms with Aripiprazole Augmentation in the Patients with Partially Remitted Major Depressive Disorder.

Objective: Many patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) suffer from residual symptoms without achieving remission. However, pharmacologic options for residual symptoms of MDD have been limited. This study aimed to investigate benefit of aripiprazole augmentation in the treatment of residual symptoms in the patients with partially remitted MDD.

Clinical Benefit and Utility of Switching to Aripiprazole Once Monthly in Patients with Antipsychotic Polypharmacy or Long Acting Injectable Antipsychotics for Patients with Schizophrenia in Routine Practice: A Retrospective, Observation Study.

Objective: In a number of controlled clinical trials and naturalistic studies, aripiprazole once monthly (AOM) has been found to be effective and safe as acute and maintenance treatment options for schizophrenia. However, such clinical data have been presented in selected patient population (i.e.

The state of adolescent menstrual health in low- and middle-income countries and suggestions for future action and research.

In recognition of the opportunity created by the increasing attention to menstrual health at global, regional, and national levels, the World Health Organization's Department of Sexual and Reproductive Health and Research and the UNDP-UNFPA-UNICEF-WHO-World Bank Special Programme of Research, Development and Research Training in Human Reproduction convened a global research collaborative meeting on menstrual health in adolescents in August 2018. Experts considered nine domains of menstrual health (awareness and understanding; stigma, norms, and socio-cultural practices; menstrual products; water and sanitation; disposal; empathy and support; clinical care; integration with other programmes; and financing) and answered the following five questions: (1) What is the current situation? (2) What are the factors contributing to this situation? (3) What should the status of this domain of adolescent menstrual health be in 10 years? (4) What actions are needed to achieve these goals? (5) What research is needed to achieve these goals? This commentary summarizes the consensus reached in relation to these questions during the expert consultation. In doing so, it describes the state of adolescent menstrual health in low- and middle-income countries and sets out suggestions for action and research that could contribute to meeting the holistic menstrual health needs of adolescent girls and others who menstruate worldwide.

Citalopram for Acute and Preventive Efficacy in Bipolar Depression (CAPE-BD): A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial.

Objective: To assess the efficacy and safety of citalopram in the acute and maintenance phases of bipolar depression in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.

Methods: Between 2007 and 2014, 119 subjects with acute major depressive episodes diagnosed with DSM-IV bipolar disorder, type I or type II, were randomized blindly to citalopram or placebo, added to standard mood stabilizers. They were followed for 6 weeks for acute efficacy (primary outcome) and up to 1 year for maintenance efficacy (secondary outcome) using scores on the Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) and the Mania Rating Scale of the Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia (MRS-SADS).

Overcoming Obstacles in Protein Expression in the Yeast Pichia pastoris: Interviews of Leaders in the Pichia Field.

The yeast (also known as ) has been used for over 30 years to produce thousands of valuable, heterologous proteins, such as insulin to treat diabetes and antibodies to prevent migraine headaches. Despite its success, there are some common, stubborn problems encountered by research scientists when they try to use the yeast to produce their recombinant proteins. In order to provide those working in this field with strategies to overcome these common obstacles, nine experts in protein expression field were interviewed to create a written review and video (https://www.

Comparison of clinical and economic outcomes between minimally invasive liver resection and open liver resection: a propensity-score matched analysis.

Background: Minimally invasive liver resection (MILR) has gained momentum in recent years. This study of contemporary data compares economic and clinical outcomes between MILR and open liver resection (OLR).

Methods: We extracted data for patients undergoing liver resection between October 2015-September 2018 from the Premier Healthcare Database.