Quantum leap in the diagnosis of oral potentially malignant disorders - A review of literature.

Early diagnosis of oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMDs) can bring about considerable improvement in reducing the statistics related to morbidity and mortality associated with oral cancer. The objective of this review was to summarize advanced diagnostic aids used for OPMDs. Pubmed, Embase, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials electronic databases from 1969 to 2022 focus on advanced diagnostic techniques for potentially malignant disorders.

Development, review, and activation of thoracic oncology investigator-initiated trials.

Background: Investigator-initiated trials (IITs) may address important biological and clinical questions that may not be prioritized by pharmaceutical sponsors. However, little is known about the process by which IIT proposals are evaluated and activated.

Methods: We performed a retrospective study of IIT concepts submitted through the Academic Thoracic Oncology Medical Investigators Consortium (ATOMIC), which comprises 13 institutions in the U.

Evaluating the Real-World Safety of Icosapent Ethyl Versus Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid in Nationwide US Veterans Cohort: Examining Atrial Fibrillation and Bleeding Endpoints.

Purpose: The REDUCE-IT randomized trial demonstrated a cardiovascular benefit of icosapent ethyl (IPE) but also raised potential safety signals for atrial fibrillation (AF) and serious bleeding. We aimed to evaluate the real-world safety of IPE versus mixed omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (OM-3) formulations.

Methods: This retrospective active comparator new-user cohort study compared rates of new-onset AF and major bleeding (MB) among adult new users of IPE versus OM-3 in 2020-2024 US Veterans Affairs data.

Bio-Conjugated Carbon Quantum Dots for Intracellular Uptake and Bioimaging Applications.

Carbon quantum dots (CQDs) demonstrate outstanding biocompatibility and optical properties, making them ideal for monitoring cellular uptake. Due to their ultra-small size (typically < 10 nm) and fluorescent nature, CQDs hold significant potential as nanoparticles for bioimaging and tracking intracellular processes. The study examined the optimization parameters for conjugating calf thymus DNA (Ct-DNA) to CQDs to facilitate Ct-DNA internalization in mouse fibroblast cells (L929) and human breast cancer cells (MCF-7).

Changing Treatment and Metastatic Disease Patterns in Patients with EGFR Mutated NSCLC: An Academic Thoracic Medical Investigator's Consortium Registry Analysis.

Introduction: Osimertinib is now a standard first-line (1L) therapy for EGFR-mutated (EGFRm) advanced NSCLC. We aimed to characterize patterns of therapy and longitudinal risk of brain and liver metastasis in a cohort of EGFRm NSCLC.

Methods: Patients with metastatic EGFRm NSCLC who received 1L systemic therapy at sites within the Academic Thoracic Medical Investigator's Consortium were included; demographic and clinical data including treatment patterns were described.

3D bioprinting of engineered exosomes secreted from M2-polarized macrophages through immunomodulatory biomaterial promotes wound healing and angiogenesis.

Biomaterial composition and surface charge play a critical role in macrophage polarization, providing a molecular cue for immunomodulation and tissue regeneration. In this study, we developed bifunctional hydrogel inks for accelerating M2 macrophage polarization and exosome (Exo) cultivation for wound healing applications. For this, we first fabricated polyamine-modified three-dimensional (3D) printable hydrogels consisting of alginate/gelatin/polydopamine nanospheres (AG/NSPs) to boost M2-exosome (M2-Exo) secretion.

Electroconductive Nanocellulose, a Versatile Hydrogel Platform: From Preparation to Biomedical Engineering Applications.

Nanocelluloses have garnered significant attention recently in the attempt to create sustainable, improved functional materials. Nanocellulose possesses wide varieties, including rod-shaped crystalline cellulose nanocrystals and elongated cellulose nanofibers, also known as microfibrillated cellulose. In recent times, nanocellulose has sparked research into a wide range of biomedical applications, which vary from developing 3D printed hydrogel to preparing structures with tunable characteristics.

Tailoring osteoimmunity and hemostasis using 3D-Printed nano-photocatalytic bactericidal scaffold for augmented bone regeneration.

Bone hemorrhage, infection, and large bone defects following surgical treatment of traumatic bone injury have raised potential concerns, underscoring the urgent need to develop multifunctional therapeutic platforms that can effectively address traumatic bone regeneration. Advancements in three-dimensional (3D) printing technology have propelled the development of several engineering disciplines, such as tissue engineering. Nevertheless, 3D-printed frameworks with conventional materials often lack multifunctional capabilities to promote specific activities for diverse regeneration purposes.

Comparative Evaluation of Microleakage in Class II Composite Restorations Using Three Bulk-fill Composites with or without Resin-modified Glass Ionomer Cement Liner: A Stereomicroscopic Study.

Aim: To compare the microleakage of three bulk-fill composite resins with or without resin-modified glass ionomer cement (RMGIC) liner.

Materials And Methods: A total of 30 maxillary human 1st premolar teeth were selected. Two box preparations were made on the mesial and distal sides.

In Vitro Osteogenic Response to Copper-Doped Eggshell-Derived Hyroxyapatite With Macrophage Supplements.

The high bioactivity and biocompatibility of hydroxyapatite (HAP) make it a useful bone graft material for bone tissue engineering. However, the development superior osteoconductive and osteoinductive materials for bone regeneration remains a challenge. To overcome these constraints, Cu-doped hydroxyapatite (HAP(Cu)) from waste eggshells has been produced for bone tissue engineering.

Determining Line of Therapy from Real-World Data in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer.

Introduction: Determining lines of therapy (LOT) using real-world data is crucial to inform clinical decisions and support clinical research. Existing rules for determining LOT in patients with metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (mNSCLC) do not incorporate the growing number of targeted therapies used in treatment today. Therefore, we propose rules for determining LOT from real-world data of patients with mNSCLC treated with targeted therapies.

'It's not just a matter of taking the drug. It's about changing the way you function in your society too': Narratives of power and resistance in the lived experiences of opioid agonist therapy consumers in regional Victoria, Australia.

Opioid Agonist Therapy (OAT) has initiated extensive discussion regarding its efficacy, cost-effectiveness and best practice delivery. Although this discussion has been dominated by pharmacologists, clinicians, pharmacists and public policy-makers, there is increasing interest in examining OAT consumer experience and voice, particularly regarding consumers' navigation and experience of the social field of their treatment. Concerned with the expression and circulation of power and resistance, Michel Foucault's work offers rich resources for examining OAT consumers' experience and navigation of the social field of their treatment, including the administration of OAT as a harm reduction and social welfare intervention and consumers' efforts to shape their relationships with medical and allied health professionals and other stakeholders.

Banging My Head Against a Brick Wall! Enablers and Barriers to Nurse Practitioners Delivering Opioid Agonist Treatments in Regional/Rural Victoria, Australia.

The Victorian government's Alcohol and other drugs (AOD) workforce policy calls for greater recruitment of alcohol and other drugs nurse practitioners (AODNPs). However, frontline organisations in Victoria report several systemic barriers to their recruitment and retention. Additionally, there is scant Australian literature that examines the experiences of AODNP in opioid agonist treatment (OAT) provision in regional/rural areas.

Immunoresponsive Gene 1 Facilitates TLR4-agonist-Induced Augmentation of Innate Antimicrobial Immunity.

Treatment with the toll-like receptor (TLR) 4 agonist monophosphoryl lipid A (MPLA) conditions innate immunocytes to respond robustly to subsequent infection, a phenotype termed innate immune memory. Our published studies show that metabolic reprogramming of macrophages is a prominent feature of the memory phenotype. We undertook studies to define the functional contributions of tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle reprogramming to innate immune memory.

Comparison of Cardiovascular Changes Seen in Patients When Using Local Anesthesia with Adrenalin 1:80,000 vs Local Anesthesia with Adrenalin 1:2,00,000.

Aim: The aim of this study is to compare the efficacy with the use of 2% lignocaine with adrenalin with two different concentrations and also its effect on the cardiovascular system.

Materials And Methods: 100 patients were taken for this study. 68 were Male & 32 females.

Selective Adjuvant Ayurvedic Treatment Modulates Immune Response and Oxidative Stress in a Patient with Carcinoma of the Pyriform Fossa, Undergoing Radiotherapy: A Case Study.

Introduction: Hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma, stage III has poor prognosis with only 25% chance of 5 years of relative survival in such patients in spite of conventional treatment including radical surgery, radiotherapy, and concurrent chemotherapy.

Case Presentation: A chronic tobacco-betel nut chewer 62-year-old male patient had dysphagia with hoarseness of voice diagnosed with stage III, grade II malignant pyriform fossa. The patient underwent 9 cycles of neoadjuvant chemotherapy with Inj Paclitaxel 100 mg and Inj Cisplatin 40 mg.

Zn@TA assisted dual cross-linked 3D printable glycol grafted chitosan hydrogels for robust antibiofilm and wound healing.

Rapid regeneration of the injured tissue or organs is necessary to achieve the usual functionalities of the damaged parts. However, bacterial infections delay the regeneration process, a severe challenge in the personalized healthcare sector. To overcome these challenges, 3D-printable multifunctional hydrogels of Zn/tannic acid-reinforced glycol functionalized chitosan for rapid wound healing were developed.

Characteristics of Long-Term Survivors With EGFR-Mutant Metastatic NSCLC.

Introduction: Characteristics of long-term survivors in EGFR-mutant (EGFRm) NSCLC are not fully understood. This retrospective analysis evaluated a multi-institution cohort of patients with EGFRm NSCLC treated in the pre-osimertinib era and sought to describe characteristics of long-term survivors.

Methods: Clinical characteristics and outcomes were abstracted from the electronic medical records of patients with EGFRm metastatic NSCLC who started first-line therapy before 2015.

Experimental investigation on solidification cracking & intergranular corrosion of AISI 321 & AISI 316 L dissimilar weld on pulsed current gas tungsten arc welding (PCGTAW).

Dissimilar metal combinations are frequently employed in the power generation and nuclear industries. Where stainless steel piping systems are connected to pressure vessels made of low-alloy steel, the subsystems of liquid rocket engines also have different, dissimilar material combinations. Dissimilar welding plays a vital role in ensuring the integrity, performance, and reliability of components and structures operating in cryogenic environments, in this study, plates of AISI 316L and AISI 321, each 5 mm thick, were successfully joined using the pulsed current gas tungsten arc welding (PCGTAW) technique with optimized process parameters.

To identify risk factors for central visual field progression in moderate to advanced glaucoma.

Purpose: To identify the risk factors for central visual field progression in moderate to advanced glaucoma.

Methods: We included patients with moderate to advanced primary glaucoma who had undergone at least five reliable Humphrey visual field (HVF) 10-2 tests with follow-up of at least 2 years. Regression slopes for each threshold location on the 10-2 plot were calculated.

Transcriptomic profiling of human mesenchymal stem cells using a pulsed electromagnetic-wave motion bioreactor system for enhanced osteogenic commitment and therapeutic potentials.

Traditional bioreactor systems involve the use of three-dimensional (3D) scaffolds or stem cell aggregates, limiting the accessibility to the production of cell-secreted biomolecules. Herein, we present the use a pulse electromagnetic fields (pEMFs)-assisted wave-motion bioreactor system for the dynamic and scalable culture of human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hBMSCs) with enhanced the secretion of various soluble factors with massive therapeutic potential. The present study investigated the influence of dynamic pEMF (D-pEMF) on the kinetic of hBMSCs.

Rongalite as a C1 Source: Sulfonylmethylation of Indoles with Aryl/Alkyl Hydrazides and Sulfinates.

Herein, we present a sulfonylmethylation of indoles with aryl/alkyl hydrazides and sulfinates that provides viable access to sulfone compounds using rongalite as a C1 source. This protocol features readily available chemicals and simple operations, and the products were obtained in moderate to good yields.