Interaction of unphosphorylated PtsN with the K/H antiporter YcgO inhibits its activity in Escherichia coli.

Genetic studies in Escherichia coli have implicated the unphosphorylated version of PtsN (unphospho-PtsN), the terminal phospho-acceptor of the PtsP-PtsO-PtsN phosphorelay, as a negative regulator of potassium (K) efflux mediated by YcgO. YcgO is a protein belonging to the CPA1 family of monovalent cation/proton antiporters. Here we show that in vivo, YcgO comprises an approximately 383 amino acid N-terminal transmembrane domain (TMD) and a 195 amino acid C-terminal cytoplasmic region (CTR).

Allosteric Determinants in High Temperature Requirement A Enzymes Are Conserved and Regulate the Population of Active Conformations.

High temperature requirement A (HtrA) are allosterically regulated enzymes wherein effector binding to the PDZ domain triggers proteolytic activity. Yet, it remains unclear if the inter-residue network governing allostery is conserved across HtrA enzymes. Here, we investigated and identified the inter-residue interaction networks by molecular dynamics simulations on representative HtrA proteases, DegS and PepD, in effector-bound and free forms.

Rhino-Orbito-Cerebral Mycosis and COVID-19: From Bad to Worse?

Background: There has been an increase an alarming rise in invasive mycoses during COVID-19 pandemic, especially during the second wave.

Aims: Compare the incidence of invasive mycoses in the last three years and study the risk factors, manifestations and outcomes of mycoses in the COVID era.

Methodology: Multicentric study was conducted across 21 centres in a state of western India over 12-months.

Guillian--Barre' Syndrome in Patients with SARS-CoV-2: A Multicentric Study from Maharashtra, India.

Background: Guillian--Barre' Syndrome (GBS) has been shown to be associated with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. The aim of our study was to study the clinical profile and outcomes of GBS in COVID-19 from the Western region of India, the State of Maharashtra.

Methods: This was a retrospective, multicenter observation study from different hospitals in Maharashtra beginning from March 2020 until November 2020.

Occipital condyle syndrome in a young male: a rare presentation of cranio-vertebral tuberculosis.

Occipital condyle syndrome (OCS) is a rare syndrome characterized by severe, unilateral, occipital headache and ipsilateral 12th nerve palsy. Tumors are a common cause of OCS. Inflammatory lesions causing OCS is however rare.

Behavioural and psychological symptoms in poststroke vascular cognitive impairment.

Background: Behavioural and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD) cause significant patient and caregiver morbidity in vascular cognitive impairment (VCI). Objectives. To study and compare the occurrence and severity of BPSD between multi-infarct dementia (MID), subcortical ischaemic vascular disease (SIVD), and strategic infarct subtypes of poststroke VCI and to evaluate the relationship of these symptoms with the severity of cognitive impairment.

The profile of behavioral and psychological symptoms in vascular cognitive impairment with and without dementia.

Objective: The objective of this study was to compare the occurrence and severity of behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD) between vascular dementia (VaD) and vascular cognitive impairment-no dementia (VCI-ND).

Materials And Methods: Consecutive patients presenting with cognitive impairment at least 3 months after an ischemic stroke and with a Hachinski Ischemic Score ≥4 were included. VaD was diagnosed as per National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke - Association Internationale pour la Recherche et l'Enseignement en Neurosciences criteria for probable VaD and VCI-ND on the lines of the Canadian study of health and aging.

A case of crossed aphasia with apraxia of speech.

Apraxia of speech (AOS) is a rare, but well-defined motor speech disorder. It is characterized by irregular articulatory errors, attempts of self-correction and persistent prosodic abnormalities. Similar to aphasia, AOS is also localized to the dominant cerebral hemisphere.

Mitochondrial myopathy, encephalopathy, lactic acidosis, and stroke-like episodes unveiled by valproate.

Valproic acid (VPA) is widely used as an anti-epileptic drug. The primary mechanism of VPA toxicity is interference with mitochondrial beta-oxidation, and it can exacerbate an underlying mitochondrial cytopathy. We report a case of Mitochondrial myopathy, encephalopathy, lactic acidosis, and stroke-like episodes unmasked by use of Sodium Valproate in a 12-year-old boy who presented with headache and seizures.

Clinical profile of psychogenic non-epileptic seizures in adults: A study of 63 cases.

Aims: To evaluate clinical profile and short-term outcome of psychogenic non-epileptic seizures (PNES) in Indian adult population.

Setting And Design: A prospective observational study, conducted at tertiary teaching institute at New Delhi.

Materials And Methods: Sixty-three patients with confirmed PNES were enrolled.

Pathological laughter associated with paroxysmal kinesigenic dyskinesia: A rare presentation of acute disseminated encephalomyelitis.

A 13-year-old boy presented with recurrent episodes of sudden brief posturing of the right upper and lower limbs accompanied by transient inability to speak and a tendency to smile which would sometimes break into laughter. Awareness was retained during the attack, and there was no associated emotional abnormality. The events were precipitated by walking and occurred several times in a day.